scholarly journals Determinants of Marriage Stability among Married Couples in North-Central Nigeria Implication for Counselling

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
North Central ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marriage Stability ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

<em><em>The study investigated determinants of marriage stability among married couples in North Central Nigeria. In order to carry out this study, four hypotheses were formulated. An instrument known as “Determinants of Marriage Stability Questionnair (DOMSQ)” was constructed by the researcher and used to collect information from the field. The instrument had content and facial validity and its reliability coefficient is 0.87. The investigator used eight research assistants to administer nine hundred and ninety copies of the questionnaire on the respondents in Kogi and Benue States. Nine hundred and eighty three copies were retrieved from the respondents indicating 99.3 percent return rate. The researcher collated the information got from the field work and the Z statistics was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that, there was no significant difference between male and female married couples in their identification of childlessness as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between married couples in the urban and rural areas in their identification of sexual satisfaction as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between old and young married couples in their identification of cultural background as determinant of marriage stability, there was no significant difference between married couples from Kogi and Benue States in their identification of communication as determinant of marriage stability. One of the recommendations is that couples who are faced with the problem of childlessness should seek medical assistance and also be positive about such outcome.</em></em>

scholarly journals EXTENT OF COUNSELORS EFFECTIVENESS IN POST PRIMARY INSTITUTIONS IN ENUGU STATE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
EGBO ANTHONIA CHINONYELUM ◽  
ONUOMA LOVENAH IKODIYA ◽  
EGBO CHINONYE EMMANUELLA
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Guidance And Counseling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Primary Institutions

This study is an appraisal of counselors’ effectiveness in post primary institutions in Enugu State. This study adopted descriptive survey research deign. It was carried out in the six educational zones of Enugu state with a total of two hundred and seventy-five (275) government-owned secondary schools. The population for the study comprises a key officer each from all the two hundred and seventy-five (275) government owned secondary schools in Enugu State. Two hundred and seventy-five (275) is small and manageable as a sample for study. Hence, the researcher used all of them for the study. Therefore, no sampling was done. The researcher explored eight research questions and formulated two hypotheses on the comparison of the performance of counselors by gender and locations using t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The research questions were answered using means and standard deviations. It was found that the respondents generally had high perceptions of the counselors’ performance in each of their professional roles except with respect to the referral function. It was also found that there is no significant difference in the performance of male and female counselors in both urban and rural areas. Recommendations were made that counselors should be adequately motivated and that counselors should specialize on guidance and counseling services to improve their effectiveness in post primary schools in Enugu State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Attitude of Parents toward Female-Child Secondary Education in Sokoto State, Nigeria: Implications for Counselling

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Child ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance

Abstract The study was set out to investigate the attitude of parents toward female-child secondary education in Sokoto State, Nigeria. One research question and one hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The study is a descriptive survey and made use of ex-post facto design. The researcher made use of purposive sampling technique to select 270 parents from the urban and 270 parents from the rural areas of Sokoto State. The researcher made use of an instrument adapted from that of Terhemba and Umaru 2015. The instrument is known as “Attitude of Parents Toward Female Child Secondary Education Questionnaire” (APTFCSEQ). The APTFCSEQ had a reliability coefficient of 0.81. The instrument had facial and content validity. It also had language appropriateness. The researcher used four (4) research Assistants to administer 540 copies of the questionnaire on the respondents. All the 540 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved showing 100 percent return rate. The data generated from the field were collated and the mean score analysis for the 15 items was carried out in order to provide answer to the research question raised in the study. 2.5 was chosen as the benchmark for either disagreeing or agreeing with each of the 15 items. The t-test statistics was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The investigation found out that parents in Sokoto State have shown unfavourable attitude toward female-child secondary education. It found out that there is no significant difference between parents in the urban and rural areas in their attitude toward female-child secondary education. This finding has shown that whether the parent is in urban or rural area, all of them have expressed their opinion in the same direction. One of the recommendations of the study is that parents in Sokoto State should show favourable attitude toward female-child secondary education.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Attitude towards Green Products among the Urban and Rural Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-159
Author(s):  
Bhavini B. Patil ◽  
Suma Hasalkar
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Everyday Activity ◽  
Female Consumers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Level Of Significance

The growing environmental concern amongst the public has demanded organizations, businesses and individuals to be responsible and conscious in their everyday activity not to cause any harm to the environment. Most environmental problems are caused by the way people living and continuously damaging the environment. The study was conducted with the aim to assess the awareness and knowledge among the consumers about green products. The exploratory research design was adopted to conduct the study. The data was collected from 600 educated consumers from the urban and rural areas of Dharwad and Belagavi district. The data was analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean,‘t’ test and correlation coefficient.  The results revealed that Both in urban and rural the areas majority of the consumers belonged 22-29 years of age group and more than half of the consumers selected for study were graduates in urban area and studied upto 12th standard in rural area. With regard to occupation one third of the consumers selected for the study were students, followed by unemployed and self employed consumers. Majority of the consumers had medium family income of rupees 7,380-51,780 per month. Maximum number of the selected consumers belonged to upper middle socio economic category. Maximum number of the selected consumers belonged to upper middle socio economic category. The female consumers in both the locality had favourable attitude towards green products compared to male consumers. There was highly significant difference between the gender and between the locations at 0.01 level. There was significant difference between the gender and location at 0.05 level of significance.

scholarly journals School-Related Gender Based Violence (SRGBV) and Its Consequences on Secondary School Students: Implications for Counselling

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

This investigation was directed to find out the causes and consequences of School – Related Gender Based Violence (SRGBV) in Ivo local Government area of Ebonyi State, South East, Nigeria. The researcher formulated two research questions and one hypothesis to guide the investigation. The instrument used to elicit information from the respondents is, “School – Related Gender Based Violence and Consequences among Secondary School Students Questionnaire” (SRGBVACASSSQ). The instrument was made up of 9 items on the causes of School related gender based violence and 11 on the consequences. The instrument had a reliability coefficient of 0.87, language appropriateness, content and facial validity. The purposive sampling technique was used to select 384 respondents that participated in the research. The researcher and two research assistants retrieved 346 copies of the questionnaire from the respondents. The data from the field work were collated by the researcher, the mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions while the t-test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The researcher used 2.50 as benchmark to find out if respondents agreed or disagreed with the 20 items in the questionnaire. The research revealed in table one a mean score of 3.04 as an indication that many teachers flog students in schools to demonstrate their power over them (students), a mean of 3.00 in table one shows that when bullies are not frequently punished, they continue to bully others in schools, a mean score of 3.07 in table one revealed that boys beat up girls in the secondary schools to show that men are more powerful than women and a mean score of 3.04 in table one revealed that promise of good grades can make some female students to go into sexual relationship with some male teachers.

The Evaluation of the Awareness, Attitude and Practice of the Elderly Toward Self-Medication: A Cross-Sectional Study

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (08) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidari ◽  
Mansureh Borujeni ◽  
Mansour Ghafourifard ◽  
Rahim Sheikhi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of various diseases in the elderly has increased the use of drugs, which is coupled with age-related physiological changes and places the elderly at risk for multiple side effects. The present study aimed to determine awareness, attitudes and practices of elderly towards self-medication. Materials and Methods The sample included 300 participants over 60 years under any of the health centers in urban and rural areas of Abadeh city, who were selected based on stratified random sampling method. In order to collect data, the questionnaire including demographic information, awareness, attitude and performance of the elderly and the checklist of drug intractable consumption. Results Based on the results, 76% of the elderly reported drug consumption. Regarding lifestyle, the average score of the elderly’s awareness for the elderly who lived with and without families were 78.6±14.2 and 69.2±13.6, respectively. In other words, a significant difference was observed between these two groups. In addition, there was a significant between the elderly’s performance score with and without family members about the self-medication (p=0.001). Conclusion Considering the increase in self-medication among the elderly, adherence to prescription criteria for drug among this age group is recommended. Finally, designing and implementing various educational programs in health education center is necessary for the elderly and their families for the purpose of improving awareness and practice.

Mediterranean diet adherence rates in Sicily, southern Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2001-2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Grosso ◽  
Stefano Marventano ◽  
Gabriele Giorgianni ◽  
Teodoro Raciti ◽  
Fabio Galvano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Traditional Patterns ◽  
Low Educated

AbstractObjectiveTo assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet and nutrient intakes in a population of Sicily, southern Italy and to evaluate possible determinants, particularly socio-cultural and lifestyle factors.DesignCross-sectional.SettingUrban and rural areas of eastern Sicily.SubjectsBetween May 2009 and December 2010, 3090 adults were randomly recruited through the collaboration of fourteen general practitioners. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was measured by the MedDietScore. Nutrient intakes were assessed through the 24 h recall of the previous day's dietary intake.ResultsRural participants were barely more adherent to the Mediterranean diet than their urban counterparts (mean scores were 27·8 and 27·2, respectively, P = 0·037). The MedDietScore was correlated with intakes of MUFA, fibre and vitamin C, as well as with consumption of non-refined cereals, vegetables, fruit, meat, dairy products, alcohol and nuts. Regression analysis revealed that older and more educated people were more likely to be in the highest tertile of MedDietScore (OR = 1.90; 95 % CI 1·39, 2·59 and OR = 1·29; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·58, respectively). A significant difference in quantity (moderate) and quality (red wine and beer) of alcohol was found according to adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Finally, more active participants were 1·5 times more likely to form part of the high-adherence group.ConclusionsA slow but concrete moving away from traditional patterns has been observed in younger people and low educated people. Public health interventions should focus on these target populations in order to improve the quality of their diet.

scholarly journals Technologies Available for Empowering Women in Cassava Production in Abia States, Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
C. I. Ugboaja ◽  
N. C. Ezebuiro
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cassava Production ◽  
Measuring Scale ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Research Assistants

The study assessed the technologies available for empowering women in cassava production in Abia State. The objectives were to determine the availability and utilization of technologies for empowering women in cassava production. Questionnaire was the instrument for data collection which was developed on a 4-point measuring scale and was validated by peer review of researchers in agricultural extension. Reliability was established by the Cronbach’s alpha which gave co-efficient of r ∝ = 0.74 indicating a high reliability. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 240 and the extension filed officers were used as research assistants to facilitate the administration and retrieval of the questionnaire. Data analysis was achieved with the use of descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean which referenced x = 2.50 as the benchmark and inferential statistics as t-test at 0.050 level of significance. The findings revealed that majority (x = 2.56) agreed that technologies were available for empowering women in cassava production while (x = 2.03) indicated that the extent women were empowered utilizing technologies for cassava production was low. The t- test of no mean significant difference was not rejected because t = 0.01 at P ≥ 0.05 which indicated no mean difference between availability and utilization of technologies for empowering women cassava producers. On the basis of the findings the study recommended that more extension field personnel should be employed and retrained on how to train women on how to use the technologies.Keywords: women, empowerment, cassava, production

INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF VARIOUS PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN PSYCHIATRIC DEPARTMENT OF TEACHING BASED HOSPITAL ONGOLE: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
T. Josna T. Josna ◽  
N. Rajesh N. Rajesh ◽  
K. Naga Sindhura K. Naga Sindhura ◽  
K. Hema Ravali K. Hema Ravali ◽  
N. Uma Jyothi N. Uma Jyothi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Department

Background: Psychiatric disorders are known to vary across time within the same population and also vary across populations. Most of the community-based Indian epidemiological studies are on point prevalence. The adult epidemiological finding that mental disorders have early ages of onset has created interest in the minds of psychiatrists. Children and adolescents are at high risk of developing mental disorders. Aim & objective: we are aimed at to conduct of this study was to know the overall incidence and prevalence rate of various Psychiatric disorders in the Psychiatric department of teaching based hospitals and the objective of the study is to find out the incidence and prevalence of the predominant psychiatric disorder. To find the role of key factors like age, Education, Gender, environmental analysis, Marital status, and sleep pattern on the mental health status of Patients. Material & Methods: This study was conducted on 500 patients, both male and female were included in the study. ICD- 10 and DSM IV criteria tools were used. Statistical Analysis was done using appropriate tests like the “t” test and Chi-Square test. Results: A total of 500 Patients we are included in our study, males are 293(59%) and Females are 207 (41%). Depression shows the highest incidence of 7.0%. Schizophrenia shows the highest prevalence (17.6%) Chi-Square analysis indicated no significant difference in prevalence between the number of males and females.  There were no significant differences among the prevalence rates among the participants who belonged to middle-class urban and rural areas. Conclusion: Psychology is the science of behavior and mind, it intends to surmise clinical individuals and groups via placing general principles and researching specific cases. As a responsible clinical pharmacist, we have played a major role in the effective counseling of patients by using counseling aids. In this research, have a leading prevalence plus incidence of psychiatric disorders are detected.

Seroepidemiology ofToxoplasma gondiiinfection in Bai and Han ethnic groups in southwestern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-L. LI ◽  
L. DONG ◽  
Q. LI ◽  
L. ZHANG ◽  
J. CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Unique Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
And Control

SUMMARYEating raw pork and/or liver is a custom of the Bai ethnic group in China. Most people living in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, southwestern China are of Bai ethnicity. Little is known of the seroprevalence ofToxoplasma gondiiin Bai and Han ethnic populations in this region. In the present survey, a total of 555 and 595 blood samples were obtained from Bai and Han ethnic groups in Dali urban and rural areas, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to examineT. gondiiIgG antibodies. Total positive rate of anti-T. gondiiIgG in Bai and Han groups in this region was 21·6% (248/1150). The total seroprevalence ofT. gondiiwas significantly higher in the Bai ethnic group (32·3%, 179/555) than in the Han ethnic group (11·6%, 69/595) (P < 0·01). The results of statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference between cat feeding/non-cat feeding groups in the Bai ethnic group, the most important risk factor was consumption of raw pork and/or liver for the Bai group, but feeding a cat may be the main route ofT. gondiiinfection for the Han group. Therefore, it is essential to implement integrated strategies to prevent and controlT. gondiiinfection in this unique region of the world.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Prevalence of Substance Abuse among Students of Higher Education Institutions in Benue State, North- Central Nigeria: Implications for Counseling

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Anna Onoyase
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Colleges Of Education ◽  
North Central ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Research Assistants

The Investigation was directed towards the prevalence of substance abuse among students of higher education institutions, Benue State North &ndash; Central Nigeria. In order to undertake the research, one research question and one hypothesis were formulated to guide the study. The researcher made use of &ldquo;Prevalence of Substance Abuse among Students Questionnaire&rdquo; (POSAASQ) to obtain information for the research. The instrument was made up of twenty items. Students responded to substances abused by ticking always (A) 4 points, often (0) 3 points, sometimes (S) 2 points and never (N), 1 point. The reliability coefficient of the instrument was 0.89 while it had content validity and language appropriateness. Six research Assistants were used by the researcher to administer copies of the instrument on the respondents in colleges of education, polytechnics and universities. The mean and standard deviation were used to analyse the data, items 1 &ndash; 20. The One &ndash; Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypothesis. One of the findings revealed that, there is prevalence of substance abuse among students in colleges of education, polytechnics and universities. Another finding showed that, there is significant difference among students in colleges of education, polytechnics and universities in the prevalence of substance abuse. Some of the recommendations include; the government should formulate laws to guide the consumption of different substances in Nigeria so as to prevent abuse, Authorities of Higher Education Institutions should sensitize students on the dangers of substance abuse through the use of posters and handbills.

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