scholarly journals Metaphors in the Reports on the Reform and Opening-up Policy in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. p93
Author(s):  
Gao Jinlin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Opening Up

This study, based on the BCC (Beijing Language and Culture University Corpus Center) corpus, systematically analyzed the metaphorical reasoning of the Reform and Opening-up in China. It finds a tendency of concentration for the sources. The top four sources (Journey: 83.14%; Nature: 8.16%; War: 6.31%; Building (1.15%) contributed 98.76% of the resonance among all the 16 source domains. These four sources highlight two important aspects: Events (Journey, War and Building) and Conditions (Nature). The different sources share some highlights such as leadership, participant, places, result and process, but they also have specific foci: Journey on decision making, destination and motivations; War on risks, conflicts and tactics; Building on complex structure of the project. These productive sources can reveal the ideologies promoted by the government which inspired people’s devotion, patience, openness, tactics, alertness, sense of honor and morale.

scholarly journals Development Paths, Problems and Countermeasures of Chinese Civil Society Organizations

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Chao YE ◽  
Jennifer Onyx
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Paths ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Chinese Civil Society

Although the process of reform and opening-up accelerates continually in China, the speed of development for Chinese Civil Society Organizations (CSOs) is still slow; most organizations still operate under the government shadow and it is very difficult to cut relations with government. The autonomy of Chinese CSOs, to a large extent, is affected by the constraints from government. Overall, Chinese CSOs are still in their infancy, and they need to be further perfected and developed. The aim of this paper is to present a review of the field, with issues and promise identified. Specifically, the paper focuses on the internal management of these organizations and their existing problems in the development process, and some potential solutions for CSOs’ future development.

scholarly journals The interaction between standards development and economic growth of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Jiadong Jiang ◽  
Liwei Zheng ◽  
Xiangzhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Standards Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

AbstractChina has been participating in the international standards activities since the reform and opening up period. China’s standards action has not only brought about significant changes in the way of international trade, but also changed the connotation and manifestation of economic growth, which has further affected China’s position in the world standards development. On the basis of qualitative analysis of the interaction between standards development and economic growth, this paper quantitatively analyzes the degree of interaction between them. The results indicate that the higher standards in a country, the stronger its economic strength and the higher its position in world standards development. This conclusion is helpful for the government, industry authorities, and enterprises to pay more attention to standards in quality management and improve the standards level.

scholarly journals Innovative Thought of Tendering Management Mechanism of Universities and Colleges in China under New Circumstances--Taking North China Electric Power University as an Example

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Ze Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
North China ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Management Mechanism ◽  
Universities And Colleges ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

ince the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has attached growing importance to education, and has invested more resources and funds into higher education. In addition, the government has also invested large amounts of funds and technologies in the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges. The undertakings related to the infrastructure construction of universities and colleges in China are complicated in essence. Therefore, funds and technologies of the highest standards should be introduced. At the same time, external tendering is necessary for some undertakings. Currently, the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges in China is the traditional, which is ridden with some problems to be resolved in the shortest possible period. This paper focuses on the current problems of the tendering model adopted by universities and colleges and their solutions. Taking the tendering model in the undertakings of North China Electric Power University as an example, it notes setbacks of the traditional tendering model, and provides kind of theoretical support for establishing a new tendering model for universities and colleges and the related enterprises in China.

scholarly journals Study on Rural Environmental Governance Countermeasures from the Perspective of Environmental Governance Modernization

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Youxia Guo ◽  
Shuai Dong
Keyword(s):  
Rural Economy ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Countermeasures And Suggestions ◽  
Regulation Model ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

Since the reform and opening-up for more than 40 years, rural modernization has promoted the development of rural economy and society, improved the living standards of farmers, but has also put pressure on the rural ecological environment. Rural ecological environmental protection is urgent. At present, there are two main models of rural environmental governance in my country, namely the government regulation model and the social regulation model, but these two models have inevitable problems. This article analyzes and demonstrates these issues, and gives corresponding countermeasures and suggestions in order to change the current situation of rural environmental governance.

Rereading Klein’s “Some reflections on ‘The Oresteia’ ”—the evolution of the mother–daughter relationship in four generations of Chinese women

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Xu Jianqin
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Developmental Context ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Mother Daughter Relationship ◽  
Foot Binding ◽  
Mother Child Relationship ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up

This article analyses the evolution of the mother–daughter relationship in China, and describes the mothering characteristics of four generations of women, which in sequence includes “foot-binding mothers”, “mothers after liberation”, “mothers after reform and opening up”, and “mothers who were only daughters”. Referring to Klein’s ideas about the mother–child relationship, especially those in her paper “Some reflections on ‘The Oresteia’ ”, the author tries to understand mothers and their impact on their daughters in these various periods of Chinese history, so as to explore the mutual influence of the mother–daughter relationship in particular, and the Chinese cultural and developmental context in general.

From Prime Ministerial Power to Core Executive

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. W. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
The Core ◽  
Executive Politics ◽  
Core Executive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Parts

The core executive is a new concept replacing the conventional debate about the power of the prime minister and the Cabinet. It refers to all those organizations and procedures that coordinate central government policies, and act as final arbiters of conflict between different parts of the government machine. In brief, the ‘core executive’ is the heart of the machine. The chapter reviews the several approaches to studying the British executive: prime ministerial government; prime ministerial cliques; Cabinet government; ministerial government; segmented decision-making; and bureaucratic coordination. It then discusses several ways forward by developing new theory and methods. The Afterword discusses the core executive as interlocking networks, and the fluctuating patterns of executive politics.

scholarly journals Patterns of Agricultural Diversification in China and Its Policy Implications for Agricultural Modernization

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4978
Author(s):  
Hongyun Han ◽  
Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Agricultural Modernization ◽  
Agricultural Diversification ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Chinese Agriculture ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Central South ◽  
Opening Up

Based on the value of agricultural farm products produced by different subsectors in China, the foregoing analysis reveals the dynamic character of agricultural diversification by which, this study seeks to examine the evolutionary process of Chinese agriculture through a quantitative study of agricultural diversification at both national and provincial levels. In the initial stages of reform and opening up, the degree of agricultural diversification in the southwest was relatively high; then the center of agricultural diversification gradually moved to the southeast of China; finally, the degree of agricultural diversification in the economically developed eastern provinces was obviously higher than those in other regions in 2019. It was seen that some provinces in the eastern and central south regions moved toward increasing diversification in one direction, and other provinces changed direction, first moving toward diversification and later toward concentration or vice versa. These oscillations implied that there was a cyclic tendency of agricultural diversification along with an increase in per capita GDP. Generally speaking, the patterns of diversification differed across regions due to diversified agricultural subsectors resulting from different natural and socio-economic circumstances. In particular, in less developed regions with lower agricultural diversification levels, farming agriculture persistently dominated the leading position with relatively more resistance to modernizing trends in other aspects of agriculture. It is urgent for the Chinese government to figure out ways off reconciling agricultural productivity with environmental quality through the ecological intensification of agriculture.

scholarly journals Housing Programs for the Poor in Addis Ababa: Urban Commons as a Bridge between Spatial and Social

2021 ◽  
pp. 009614422198997
Author(s):  
Marianna Charitonidou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Government

The article presents the reasons for which the issue of providing housing to low-income citizens has been a real challenge in Addis Ababa during the recent years and will continue to be, given that its population is growing extremely fast. It examines the tensions between the universal aspirations and the local realities in the case of some of Ethiopia’s most ambitious mass pro-poor housing schemes, such as the “Addis Ababa Grand Housing Program” (AAGHP), which was launched in 2004 and was integrated in the “Integrated Housing Development Program” (IHDP) in 2006. The article argues that the quotidian practices of communities and their socio-economic and cultural characteristics are related to the spatial attributes of co-housing practices. Drawing upon the idea that there is a mutual correspondence between social and spatial structures, it places particular emphasis on the analysis of the IHDP and aims to show that to shape strategies that take into account the social and cultural aspects of daily life of the poor citizens of Addis Ababa, it is pivotal to invite them to take part in the decision-making processes regarding their resettlement. Departing from the fact that a large percentage of the housing supply in Addis Ababa consists of informal unplanned housing, the article also compares the commoning practices in kebele houses and condominium units. The former refers to the legal informal housing units owned by the government and rented to their dwellers, whereas the latter concerns the housing blocks built in the framework of the IHDP for the resettlement of the kebele dwellers. The article analyzes these processes of resettlement, shedding light of the fact that kebele houses were located at the inner city, whereas the condominiums are located in the suburbs. Despite the fact that the living conditions in the condominium units are of a much higher quality than those in the kebele houses, their design underestimated or even neglected the role of the commoning practices. The article highlights the advantages of commoning practices in architecture and urban planning, and how the implementation of participation-oriented solutions can respond to the difficulties of providing housing. It argues that understanding the significance of the endeavors that take into account the opinions of dwellers during the phase of decision-making goes hand in hand with considering commoning practices as a source of architecture and urban planning frameworks for low-cost housing in this specific context. The key argument of the article is that urban planning and architecture solutions in Addis Ababa should be based on the principles of the so-called “negotiated planning” approach, which implies a close analysis of the interconnections between planning, infrastructure, and land.

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