scholarly journals Relationship Between Salinity and Crop Production in Different Hydrological Regimes Downstream of Muhuri Regulator

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. p203
Author(s):  
A.K.M.Alauddin Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman ◽  
Md. Rashidul Alam ◽  
Md. Abdus Sattar ◽  
Md. Abdul Quddus
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unprotected Area ◽  
Hydrological Regimes

A large landmass was formed at the downstream of Feni river due to the construction of Muhuri regulator at a cross dam in Mirsaraiupazila of Chittagong district. But this land is more vulnerable to storm and tidal surges leading to saline water intrusion. The study site was selected from this area to investigate the relationship between salinity and crop production. Soil samples were collected from different hydrological regimes such as old protected area, new protected area, unprotected area and affected area from topsoil, subsoil and substratum in both wet and dry period. Crop yield of the sampling plots were recorded through farmer’s interview. It was found that, salinity of the study area was less than 4 dS/m both in aman and rabi season. Rice is a semi-tolerant crop (it can tolerate salinity up to 4 dS/m). So no significant relationship between soil salinity and rice yield was observed. Farmers of this area mainly cultivate khesari crop in rabi season. A significant positive correlation (correlation coefficient 0.97) was found between the soil salinity and khesari yield in unprotected area. Water salinity inside the cross dam was around 0.1 dS/m (rabi season), which is considered excellent for irrigation. But outside the cross dam it ranged in between 4.8-5.4 dS/m in aman season and 12.4-20.8 dS/m in rabi season, which was extremely toxic for irrigation for the cultivation boro rice. Although soil salinity permits to cultivate HYV rice in a man season but water logging is the main constraint. HYV rice in boro season can be cultivated in old and new protected area by utilizing Feni river water inside the Muhuri regulator and closure dam for irrigation purpose. But in unprotected area, it can not be cultivated due lack of suitable irrigation water and tidal flooding. In the study area, non-irrigated crop like khesari can be grown successfully just after aman season by utilizing residual soil moisture.

scholarly journals Nutrients Content in Some Vegetables Grown in South-Central Coastal Regions of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
AKM Faruk E Azam ◽  
Md Taifur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Maniruzzaman ◽  
Abdullah Al Zabir ◽  
Md Nizam Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
South Central ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Soil salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses for crop production. A study was conducted to analyze the relationship between salinity level and nutrient contents in some popular vegetables grown in some selected tidal areas of Barguna and Patuakhali districts of Bangladesh. Samples of six different vegetables such as bottle gourd leaf (Lagenaria siceraria), sweet gourd leaf (Cucurbita maxima), radish leaf (Raphanus sativus), bean (Lablab niger), red amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were collected along with soils from different locations of the study areas and were analyzed for phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulphur (S) contents. Soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were determined. In saline areas, comparatively lower amounts of P, K, Ca, Mg and S were detected in most of the collected vegetables than those of non-saline areas. Conversely, bottle gourd leaf, radish leaf and bean accumulated comparatively higher amount of Ca at higher salinity levels. The uptake of P by bottle gourd leaf and radish leaf, Mg by bottle gourd leaf and red amaranth was also higher in the saline soil. The inconsistent uptake of Ca, Mg and P were found in some vegetables due to the differences of fertilizer application and intercultural operation. The vegetables could tolerate moderate soil salinity (soil EC up to7.9 dSm-1) and might be recommended to grow in the tidal saline areas of Barguna and Patuakhali districts of Bangladesh. The Agriculturists 2018; 16(2) 43-57

Sodium chloride and soil texture interactions in irrigated field grown sultana grapevines. III. Soil and root system effects

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
LD Prior ◽  
AM Grieve ◽  
PG Slavich ◽  
BR Cullis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Relationship

Five salinity treatments, ranging between 0.37 and 3.47 dS m-1, were applied through a trickle irrigation system to own-rooted sultana grapevines for six years. The changes in soil salinity levels and the relationship between soil salinity and yield were studied, and a simplified salt balance model was developed to calculate leaching fractions. Soil salinity was strongly influenced by soil texture as well as by salt treatment, because leaching fractions were lower in heavier soils; they averaged 23% in the lightest soils and 10% in the heaviest. Leaching fractions also increased with salt treatment, from 7% in the 0.37 dS m-1 treatment to 24% in the 3.47 dS m-1 treatment. This was probably because water use by salinized vines was lower. Yield was correlated with mean soil salinity, ECe, but the relationship was not as good as with plant salinity levels. The fitted model accounted for between 52 and 62% of the variance. It was concluded that soil salinity levels at the end of winter should be maintained below 1.0 dS m-1 in order to keep yield losses below 10%. For own-rooted sultana grapevines in Sunraysia, this requires a leaching fraction of about 8%. Rootzone depth and root density were lower in the heavier soils, and were decreased by salt treatment. The deleterious effects of salt treatment on clay dispersion and soil hydraulic conductivity were also greater in the heavier soils. Soil properties must therefore be considered when predicting the effects of saline water on crop productivity, especially in the long term.

scholarly journals Calcium-Enriched Animal Manure Alleviates the Adverse Effects of Salt Stress on Growth, Physiology and Nutrients Homeostasis of Zea mays L.

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Niamat ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Zulfiqar Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Yaseen ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Sodic Soil ◽  
Growth Physiology

Soil salinity and sodicity are among the main problems for optimum crop production in areas where rainfall is not enough for leaching of salts out of the rooting zone. Application of organic and Ca-based amendments have the potential to increase crop yield and productivity under saline–alkaline soil environments. Based on this hypothesis, the present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of compost, Ca-based fertilizer industry waste (Ca-FW), and Ca-fortified compost (Ca-FC) to increase growth and yield of maize under saline–sodic soil conditions. Saline–sodic soil conditions with electrical conductivity (EC) levels (1.6, 5, and 10 dS m−1) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) = 15, were developed by spiking soil with a solution containing NaCl, Na2SO4, MgSO4, and CaCl2. Results showed that soil salinity and sodicity significantly reduced plant growth, yield, physiological, and nutrient uptake parameters. However, the application of Ca-FC caused a remarkable increase in the studied parameters of maize at EC levels of 1.6, 5, and 10 dS m−1 as compared to the control. In addition, Ca-FC caused the maximum decrease in Na+/K+ ratio in shoot up to 85.1%, 71.79%, and 70.37% at EC levels of 1.6, 5, and 10 dS m−1, respectively as compared to the control treatment. Moreover, nutrient uptake (NPK) was also significantly increased with the application of Ca-FC under normal as well as saline–sodic soil conditions. It is thus inferred that the application of Ca-FC could be an effective amendment to enhance growth, yield, physiology, and nutrient uptake in maize under saline–sodic soil conditions constituting the novelty of this work.

scholarly journals The Impact of Salt Stress on Plant Growth, Mineral Composition, and Antioxidant Activity in Tetragonia decumbens Mill.: An Underutilized Edible Halophyte in South Africa

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Avela Sogoni ◽  
Muhali Jimoh ◽  
Learnmore Kambizi ◽  
Charles Laubscher
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
The Impact

Climate change, expanding soil salinization, and the developing shortages of freshwater have negatively affected crop production around the world. Seawater and salinized lands represent potentially cultivable areas for edible salt-tolerant plants. In the present study, the effect of salinity stress on plant growth, mineral composition (macro-and micro-nutrients), and antioxidant activity in dune spinach (Tetragonia decumbens) were evaluated. The treatments consisted of three salt concentrations, 50, 100, and 200 mM, produced by adding NaCl to the nutrient solution. The control treatment had no NaCl but was sustained and irrigated by the nutrient solution. Results revealed a significant increase in total yield, branch production, and ferric reducing antioxidant power in plants irrigated with nutrient solution incorporated with 50 mM NaCl. Conversely, an increased level of salinity (200 mM) caused a decrease in chlorophyll content (SPAD), while the phenolic content, as well as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sodium, increased. The results of this study indicate that there is potential for brackish water cultivation of dune spinach for consumption, especially in provinces experiencing the adverse effect of drought and salinity, where seawater or underground saline water could be diluted and used as irrigation water in the production of this vegetable.

Structure and properties of a phenylethynyl-terminated PMDA-type asymmetric polyimide

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixiang Zhang ◽  
Masahiko Miyauchi ◽  
Steven Nutt
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chain Mobility ◽  
Amorphous Structures ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Imide Oligomers ◽  
The Relationship

A new polymerized monomeric reactant (PMR)-type polyimide, designated TriA X, was investigated to determine polymer structure, processability, thermal, and mechanical properties and establish the relationship between the molecular structure and those properties. TriA X is a PMR-type polyimide with an asymmetric, irregular, and nonplanar backbone. Both the imide oligomers and the cross-linked polyimides of TriA X exhibited loose-packed amorphous structures, independent of thermal processing. The peculiar structures were attributed to the asymmetric backbone, which effectively prevented the formation of closed-packed chain stacking typically observed in polyimides. The imide oligomers exhibited a lower melt viscosity than a control imide oligomer (symmetric and semi-crystalline), indicating a higher chain mobility above the glass transition temperature ( Tg). The cured polyimide exhibited a Tg = 362°C and a decomposition temperature = 550°C. The cross-linked TriA X exhibited exceptional toughness and ductility (e.g. 15.1% at 23°C) for a polyimide, which was attributed to the high-molecular-weight oligomer and loose-packed amorphous structure. The thermal and mechanical properties of TriA X surpass those of PMR-15 and AFR-PE-4.

Optimization Analysis of the Wedge Block Surface of NYD Contact Backstop

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 2277-2281
Author(s):  
Quan Wei Wang ◽  
Ming Hui Wang ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Dian Mao Wan ◽  
Rong Meng
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Optimization Analysis ◽  
Archimedes Spiral ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Section Curve ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

By analyzing the relationship of the design parameters of NYD contact backstop, the cross-section curve of the wedge block has been discussed as Archimedes spiral, logarithm spiral and arc. Each curve is designed optimally using MATLAB optimization toolbox. The merits and drawbacks of each curve are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of water salinity and organomineral fertilization on leaf composition and production in Passiflora edulis

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
José T. A. Souza ◽  
Járisson C. Nunes ◽  
Lourival F. Cavalcante ◽  
Juliete A. da S. Nunes ◽  
Walter E. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
Leaf Composition ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

ABSTRACT An experiment was undertaken in Remígio County, Paraíba State, Brazil, from July 2013 to May 2014, in order to evaluate the effects of saline water irrigation, bovine biofertilizer, and potassium type on soil salinity, leaf macronutrient composition, and production of yellow passion fruit cv. BRS Gigante Amarelo. Treatments were distributed in randomized blocks, arranged in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design, with reference to electrical conductivity of the water (0.35 and 4.00 dS m-1), soil with and without bovine biofertilizer, and application of potassium chloride as a conventional treatment (KCl) and in an organic polymer-coated form, supplied monthly. Bovine biofertilizer was diluted in non-saline water (proportion, 50%) and applied via water at a volume of 6 L plant-1 one day before transplanting, and then every 90 days. The combination of saline water with bovine biofertilizer raised soil salinity to a similar proportion when comparing saline water and conventional potassium chloride with saline water and polymer-coated potassium chloride. The increase in water saline concentrations associated with both types of potassium chloride and with bovine biofertilizer elevated soil salinity from non-saline to saline. On starting to flower, plants of cv. BRS Gigante Amarelo were deficient in macronutrients other than nitrogen and potassium, but nonetheless produced fruits of an adequate mass for the consumer market.

scholarly journals Nikkei as a complete cross-media system

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
B. Pashchenko
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
Cross Media ◽  
Daily Press ◽  
Media System ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific paper is devoted to the cross-media system which is built around Japanese economic newspaper Nikkei. The work considers the phenomenon of cross-media, the preconditions of its establishment in Japan, and its functioning with complete Nikkei cross-media platform as an example. Research shows how traditional Japanese daily press evolves into cross-media. The academic work considers the peculiarities of the most influential economic newspaper Nikkei, its history, topics and different channels through which the audience consumes information within the cross-media system. In addition, the author analyzes the circulation of various editions of the newspaper, tracing its changes from 2012 to 2019. The article analyzes how the newspaper builds a cross-media platform around print media, online publications, television, radio, information networks, participation in educational projects and exhibitions, and the introduction of augmented reality elements. The research compares cross-media categories by Gary Hayes with Nikkei cross-media elements, illustrating each category. The author also considers how Nikkei enters the global market, analyzes the processes of globalization and digitization of Japanese media model. The author defines the relationship between the development of online cross-media elements and the steady decline of the print circulations. The results of the work can be used for the further studies of Japanese media theory in domestic and foreign scientific discourses.

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