scholarly journals Ultrasound Assessment of Bone Mass in Central Africans Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Joseph-Médard Kabeya-Kabenkama ◽  
Jean Mukaya Tshibola ◽  
Michel Lelo Tshikwela ◽  
Tozin Rahma ◽  
Jean-Jacques Malemba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speed Of Sound ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Reference Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polynomial Curve ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Growth Feature

<p><em>Background: Osteodensitometry, a procedure increasingly accepted by clinicians to access osteoporosis is not yet fully validated by WHO. It requires the establishment of normal values and references curves for each population, and in our community, this is not yet assessed.</em></p><p><em>The purpose of this study was twofold: to describe the profile of the speed of sound of proximal phalangeal metaphysis and establish references curves in central Africans and to compare them with those of other populations specially Caucasians.</em></p><p><em>Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out at Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo in Central Africa from January to December 2016.</em></p><p><em>Four hundred twenty four subjects aged from 20 to 87 years old, were explored and the speed of sound in theirs proximal phalanges measured using ultrasound equipment. Age, gender, hormonal status and speed of sound were collected and analyzed.</em></p><p><em>Results: The mean value of the amplitude dependant speed of sound (AD-SoS) showed a growth feature with age (from 2056 m/sec at second decade of life to 2145.27 m/sec at fourth decade followed by a progressive decrease which was present in both sexes but more marked in postmenopausal women (1927.06 m/sec). This mean value was higher than in Caucasian studies. In this study, age and hormonal status seems to be the bone quality most influencing anthropometric factors as seen in many series.</em></p><p><em>The curve profile with age was also a polynomial curve as seen in others populations of the world.</em></p><p><em>Conclusion: This study provides normal data for phalangeal ultrasound measurements and reference curve of central Africans which were compared to those of Western studies.</em></p>

scholarly journals Revisiting Konzo Risk Factors in Three Areas Differently Affected by Spastic Paraparesis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo Discloses a Prominent Role of the Nutritional Status—A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2628
Author(s):  
Marius Baguma ◽  
Espoir Bwenge Malembaka ◽  
Esto Bahizire ◽  
Germain Zabaday Mudumbi ◽  
Dieudonné Bahati Shamamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cyanide Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to better understand the respective contributions of protein malnutrition and cassava-derived cyanide poisoning in the development of konzo. We compared data on nutritional status and cyanide exposure of school-age adolescent konzo-diseased patients to those of non-konzo subjects of similar age from three areas in the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Our results show that konzo patients had a high prevalence of both wasting (54.5%) and stunting (72.7%), as well as of cyanide poisoning (81.8%). Controls from Burhinyi and those from Idjwi showed a similar profile with a low prevalence of wasting (3.3% and 6.5%, respectively) and intermediate prevalence of stunting (26.7% and 23.9%, respectively). They both had a high prevalence of cyanide poisoning (50.0% and 63.0%, respectively), similar to konzo-patients. On the other hand, controls from Bukavu showed the lowest prevalence of both risk factors, namely chronic malnutrition (12.1%) and cyanide poisoning (27.6%). In conclusion, cassava-derived cyanide poisoning does not necessarily coexist with konzo outbreaks. The only factor differentiating konzo patients from healthy individuals exposed to cyanide poisoning appeared to be their worse nutritional status. This further suggests that, besides the known role of cyanide poisoning in the pathogenesis of konzo, malnutrition may be a key factor for the disease occurrence.

Comparative assessment of odontometric parameters for gender determination: A hospital based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Mosmi Lomi ◽  
Jonathan Daniel M
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Maxillary Canine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gender Determination ◽  
Significant Difference

Determining gender is one of the most important procedure in forensics. Teeth are made of the most enduring mineralized tissues in the body, as such, they have an extraordinary resistance to putrefaction and the effects of external agents (physical, thermal, mechanical, chemical or biological) which makes them invaluable material for anthropological, genetic, odontologic and forensic examinations.i)To assess the degree of sexual dimorphism in maxillary canine using maxillary canine index, maxillary first molar and central incisor using mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual/buccopalatal (BL) dimensions of the crown. ii) To determine the accuracy of maxillary canine index, first molar and central incisor dimensions (mesiodistal and buccolingual/buccopalatal) in determining sex.This study consisted of total 30 participants (males=15, females=15) of age group ranging from 20 to 35 yrs. Measurement of dimensions of selected teeth were performed on maxillary cast using digital Vernier caliper, resolution 0.01mm. Data thus obtained were analyzed statistically.The mean values of all the measurements in males were greater than females. There was statistical significant difference in mean value of bucco-lingual width of molar, mesiodistal width of canine (on left side, right side and average) and the inter-canine distance between males and females. The buccolingual width of molar showed the highest % of sexual dimorphism (5.33%) and the mesiodistal width of molar showed the least % of dimorphism (0.7%). Bucco-lingual width of molar posed the highest prediction accuracy for gender determination. We conclude that buccolingual width of maxillary first molar can be used to predict the gender when only teeth of maxillary arch are available for forensic examination.

Incidence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertensive Women and its Associated Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3307-3309
Author(s):  
Samia Saifullah ◽  
Maryam Shoaib ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Tareen ◽  
Nosheen Sikander Baloch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Keywords Pregnancy

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a fetal disease resulting into morbidity and mortality of female as well as its neonate. Objective: To find the incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension in Pakistani women. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta from 1st March 2019 to 31st March 2021. Methodology: Seven hundred and twenty eight females were identified with pregnancy induced hypertension from all the pregnant women attending the outdoor were enrolled. Each female was checked for their protein urea as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure according to standard operating protocol. Socio-demographic, clinical and family history were documented. Results: Among all pregnant women, 150 were identified as pregnancy induced hypertensive with a 20.6% incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension. The mean value systolic blood pressure value was 144.3±5.2 and of diastolic as 83.1±5.2 in pregnancy induced hypertension women. Conclusion: Family history, obesity and renal diseases are the main factors associated with pregnancy induced hypertension with an incidence of 20.6% among pregnant women. Keywords: Pregnancy induced hypertension, Body mass index, Pregnant women, Hypertension

A Comparative Study between Conventional and Modified Leishman Stain

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Rizwana Abdul Hye ◽  
Bindiya Gisuthan ◽  
Indira Kariveettil
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Period

Introduction: Leishman stain has been used as the stain of choice for peripheral blood films since many decades .But it has a disadvantage of consuming 15 minutes for the procedure alone thereby increasing the turn around time of peripheral smear reporting. In this study modified Leishman stain was made by adding phenol to conventional Leishman to reduce the staining time to 3 minutes without interfering with the quality of stain. Aim: To study the quality of modified Leishman stain in comparison with conventional preparation on peripheral blood smears. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in Central Haematology laboratory of a tertiary health care centre in Southern India. A pilot study was done to determine the ideal ratio of phenol to Leishman powder in preparing modified stain without compromising the staining quality. After obtaining consent, the blood sample was collected in anticoagulated vials. Sample size was calculated to be 85.Two thin wedge smears were prepared from each sample and one was stained with conventional Leishman stain and other with modified Leishman stain. The staining characteristics were assessed and scored by an experienced pathologist in terms of 6 parameters- RBC pattern, nuclear pattern, neutrophil granules, eosinophil granules, platelets and background staining. The grades were 1, 2, 3 & 4 (poor, satisfied, good and excellent). Smears each with grades 2, 3 and 4 were selected for study. The results were analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.0. Result: The mean value for the staining quality using conventional method was 4.73 and for modified method was 5.39, and the total score possible is 6. Photomicrograph showed excellent results with modified Leishman stain. Thus from these values we can interpret that modified method gave much more acceptable results than that of conventional method. Conclusion: Unlike the conventional method which requires a total of 15 minutes, to complete the staining process, modified Leishman staining techniques takes only 3 minutes. Blood films can be stained within a short period of time thus aiding in rapid diagnosis and treatment of patients. Keywords: Leishman stain, Modified Leishman stain, Phenol.

scholarly journals Oral contraceptive among risk factors for women with ischemic stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Carla S. PALUDO ◽  
Amanda SACHETTI ◽  
Maiara S. PAIXÃO
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of use of oral contraceptives and other risk factors among women with ischemic stroke seen at a hospital in the northern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. The population was characterized by patients admitted with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke during a period from March to August 2019 and the sample by female patients found in the population. The data were collected through an individual interview using a questionnaire developed by the researchers and tabulated for further analysis. All analyzes were performed using the statistical program Bioestat 5.0, considering p = 0.05. Results: In the characterization of the sample, an average age of 68.2 years was observed. The occurrence of gender was 52.4% for women. The mean hospital stay was 12.2 ± 8.91 days. Outcome of hospital discharge was 89.1%. The mean value of body mass index was 25 ± 4.89 kg / m², with an average of 27.4 kg / m² in patients who used oral contraceptives and 25.23 kg / m² in patients who did not use oral contraceptives. The sample had a 34.5%incidence of oral contraceptive use. The average age of those who used oral contraceptives was 62.4 years and of the patients who did not use it was 70.3 years. Conclusion: The study showed a high use of oral contraceptives in the sample, with percentage values very close to other factors evaluated, thus showing itself as a probable risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Facteurs Épidémiologiques et Pronostiques Associés Aux Étiologies Des Hémorragies Digestives Hautes au CHU Campus de Lomé

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Aklesso Bagny ◽  
Lidawu Roland-Moise Kogoe ◽  
Laconi Yeba Kaaga ◽  
Late Mawuli Lawson-Ananissoh ◽  
Debehoma Redah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hémorragies Digestives ◽  
Upper Gi Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
The Mean

Objectif : Décrire les aspects épidémiologique, clinique et pronostique associés aux étiologies des hémorragies digestives hautes au CHU Campus de Lomé Patients et méthode: Etude transversale à collecte rétrospective, à visée descriptive et analytique menée du 1er Janvier 2014 au 31 Décembre 2019. Le seuil de significativité était retenu pour p<0,05. Résultats: Deux cent cinquante et un patients avaient été inclus. L’hémorragie était d’origine hypertensive portale chez 69 patients (27,71%) ; ulcéreuse gastro-duodénale chez 100 patients (39,84%). Chez 25 patients (9,96%), la fibroscopie oesogastroduodénale était normale. Une rupture de varices oesophagiennes était retrouvée chez 98,55% des patients présentant une hypertension portale. Les ulcères gastroduodénaux représentaient 54,94% des hémorragies digestives hautes d’origine non hypertensive portale. La valeur moyenne du score de Rockall était de 4(±1) chez les patients présentant une hémorragie d’origine hypertensive et de 3(±1) chez les patients avec hémorragie non hypertensive portale (p<0,001). La valeur moyenne du score de Glasgow-Blatchford était de 10(±3) chez les patients présentant une hémorragie d’origine hypertensive et 9(±3) chez les patients avec hémorragie digestive haute d’origine non hypertensive (p<0,001). La récidive hémorragique et le décès étaient survenus chez les patients présentant un saignement d’origine hypertensive portale dans respectivement 54,84% (p<0,001) et 71,42% (p<0,001). Conclusion: Les lésions inflammatoires aiguës et chroniques représentent la première étiologie des hémorragies digestives hautes dans le service d’Hépato-gastroentérologie du CHU Campus. Ces hémorragies sont associées à la prise de médicaments gastrotoxiques et à un moindre risque de récidive hémorragique et de décès. Objective: To describe epidemiological et prognostic outcomes associated with etiologies upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Campus Teaching Hospital of Lome Patients and method: Cross-sectional study with retrospective collection, descriptive and analytical aim carried out from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019. Results: Two hundred and one patients were included. The hemorrhage was of portal hypertensive origin in 69 patients (27.71%); peptic ulcer in 100 patients (39.84%). In 25 patients (9.96%), the oesogastroduodenal fibroscopy was normal. Ruptured esophageal varices were found in 98.55% of patients with portal hypertension. Peptic ulcers accounted for 54.94% of upper GI bleeding of non-portal hypertensive origin. The mean value of the Rockall score was 4(±1) in patients with hemorrhage of hypertensive origin and 3(±1) in patients with non-portal hypertensive hemorrhage (p<0.001). The mean Glasgow-Blatchford score was 10(±3) in patients with hemorrhage of hypertensive origin and 9(±3) in patients with upper GI hemorrhage of nonhypertensive origin (p<0.001). Hemorrhagic recurrence and death occurred in patients with bleeding of hypertensive origin in 54.84% (p<0.001) and 71.42% (p<0.001) respectively. Conclusion: Acute and chronic inflammatory lesions represent the first etiology of upper GI bleeding in the Gastroenterology Department of the Campus Teaching Hospital of Lome. These hemorrhages are associated with the use of gastrotoxic drugs and with a lower risk of recurrence of hemorrhage and death.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN HASIL KUESIONER GERD-Q DAN GEJALA GERD PADA KELOMPOK YANG MENJALANKAN PUASA RAMADHAN DAN TIDAK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Ivan Buntara ◽  
Yohanes Firmansyah ◽  
Hendsun Hendsun ◽  
Ernawati Su
Keyword(s):  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Alternative Test

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a form of gastrointestinal motility disorder, where stomach contents reenter the esophagus and oral cavity, causing symptoms and complications. GERD is a condition that is quite often experienced, where the prevalence estimated at 8 - 33% worldwide. One of the suspected cause of  GERD is Ramadan fasting, which has been routinely carried out by Muslim groups. This study aims to prove whether Ramadan fasting triggers GERD. A cross-sectional study (survey) conducted online via Google form on the last three days of the fasting month (21 May 2020 - 23 May 2020). The variables in this study were respondents who fasted Ramadan and those who did not fast, also the total value of the GERD-Q questionnaire along with the final conclusions. Statistical analysis using Chi square with Yates Correction and Independent T-test with Mann Whitney Alternative Test. 311 respondents met the inclusion criteria. The results of Mann Whitney statistical test found that there was no difference in the mean value of the total GERD-Q questionnaire between the fasting and non-fasting groups (p-value: 0.313). Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction results found no significant relationship between fasting and incidence of GERD (p-value: 0.552), although clinically there was a possibility of fasting had a risk of 1,228 (95% CI: 0.772 -2,088) times to trigger GERD incident.as Conclusion, Ramadan fasting has not been shown to improve GERD symptoms. Further research needs to be done through longitudinal studies. Keywords: GERD; digestion; Ramadan fastingABSTRAKGastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) merupakan suatu bentuk gangguan motilitas saluran cerna, dimana isi lambung masuk kembali ke dalam esofagus dan rongga mulut, sehingga menyebabkan gejala dan komplikasi. GERD merupakan kondisi yang cukup sering dialami, dimana prevalensinya diperkirakan mencapai 8 – 33% di seluruh dunia. Salah satu faktor yang diperkirakan sebagai penyebab GERD adalah puasa Ramadhan yang selama ini rutin dijalankan oleh kelompok Muslim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah puasa Ramadhan mencetuskan kejadian GERD. Penelitian potong lintang (survei) yang dilaksanakan secara online melalui google form pada tiga hari terakhir bulan puasa Ramadhan 2020 (21 Mei 2020 – 23 Mei 2020). Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah responden yang berpuasa Ramadhan maupun yang tidak berpuasa Ramadhan dan nilai total kuesioner GERD-Q beserta kesimpulan akhir dari kuesioner GERD-Q. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji statistik Chi square with Yates Correction dan Independent T-test dengan Uji Alternatif Mann Whitney. 311 responden memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil uji statistik Mann Whitney tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata nilai total kuesioner GERD-Q antara kelompok yang berpuasa dan tidak berpuasa (p-value : 0,313). Hasil uji statistik Pearson Chi Square with Yates Correction didapatkan hubungan yang tidak bermakna antara berpuasa dengan kejadian GERD (p-value : 0,552), walaupun secara klinis ditemukan adanya kemungkinan yang berpuasa lebih berisiko 1,228 (CI 95% : 0,772 -2,088) kali untuk mencetuskan kejadian GERD. Sebagai kesimpulan, Puasa Ramadhan tidak terbukti meningkatkan gejala-gejala GERD. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut melalui studi longitudinal untuk tindak lanjut hasil penelitian ini.

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia on HAART and HAART naive HIV positive clients attending Debre Tabor Hospital, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anemut Tilahun Mulu ◽  
Getachew Yideg Yitbarek ◽  
Fitalew Tadele Admasu ◽  
Chalachew Yenew Denekew ◽  
Biruk Demissie Melese
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Debre Tabor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Abstract Background: HAART has been reported to be associated with a number of side effects in human immunodeficiency virus patients among which dyslipidemia is a common metabolic disorder. Methods: A facility based comparative cross-sectional study among 228 HIV positive persons was conducted from July to August 2020. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaires. Fasting venous blood sample was drawn for Lipid profiles and CD4 cell determination. Anthropometric measurement was done. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 for windows. Result: A total of 228 HIV patients were enrolled in the study. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in HAART naive and on HAART HIV positive persons was 61(53.5%) and 84 (73.7%), respectively. The prevalence of TC≥200 mg/dl was 50% and 30%; HLD-c<40 mg/dl was 43.8% and 36%; LDL-c≥130mg/dl was 48.3% and 28.1%; and TG≥150 mg/dl 59.6% and 39% among on HAART and HAART naïve, respectively. Age greater than 40 years (AOR = 3.27, 95% C.I: 1.47 - 7.25), blood pressure ≥ 140/90 (AOR = 16.13, 95% C.I: 5.81 - 44.75), being on HAART (AOR = 2.73, 95 % C.I: 1.35 - 5.53) and body mass index > 25kg/m2 (AOR = 1.92, 95 % C.I: 1.20 - 4.81) were identified as determinants of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The mean value of lipid profile was significantly higher among HIV positive clients on HAART as compared to those HAART naïve HIV positive clients.

scholarly journals Factors influencing the dental caries in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e32810111226
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bohrer Bolsson ◽  
Jessica Klöckner Knorst ◽  
Marília Cunha Maroneze ◽  
Maísa Casarin ◽  
Patrícia Pasquali Dotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City ◽  
Santa Maria

Objective: To assess factors associated with the average number of dental caries in pregnant women. Method: Basic research design: This cross-sectional study was performed between January 2017 and December 2018 in Santa Maria, Brazil. Clinical setting and participants: Multistage random sampling resulted in the recruitment of 256 pregnant women from public health centers across the city. Clinical exams and semi-structured questionnaires including demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral questions were performed by trained interviewers. Main outcome measure: The experience of dental caries was evaluated through the mean value of the Decay, Missing, and Filled Surface Index (DMFS) by 4 trained and calibrated examiners. Multilevel Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the influence of different variables on the average number of dental caries. Rate ratio (RR) and respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated (CI 95%). Results: The prevalence of untreated dental caries was 62.7% in the sample, while the mean DMFS index was 10.27 (± 10.92). Women who smoked during pregnancy had a higher mean DMFS (RR 1.41; 95% CI 1.25-1.57). Furthermore, pregnant women who had poor self-ratings of oral health had a higher average DMFS (RR 1.21; 95% CI 1.10-1.32). Conclusions: The results showed that older age, ethnicity, fewer years in education and the presence of dental plaque resulted in higher means of DMFS.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene status among patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliance in the Department of Orthodontics in BSMMU

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Md Ali Kawsar ◽  
Marina Akhtar ◽  
Md Ahsan Habib ◽  
Zafrina Islam ◽  
Md Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mouth Wash ◽  
Medical University

Background: Oral hygiene maintenance is difficult for patients who are receiving fixed orthodontic treatment. Objective: The aim of the study was to find out deterioration of oral hygiene status during treatment of fixed orthodontic appliances in the Department of Orthodontics in BSMMU. Methodology: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Orthodontics at Bang-  abandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2013 to July 2014. All the patients taking treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances for more than 6 months were included as study population. During treatment in the OPD all the information of the patients’ oral hygiene maintenance like brush-  ing, dental floss use, use of mouthwash, and history of sugar consumption, taking sticky food were recorded.  The  Orthodontic  Plaque  Index  (OPI)  was  calculated  and  recorded.  In  addition  to  that frequency of brushing, type of tooth brush, technique of brushing and inter dental brush were also considered. Result: A total number of 100 patients were studied. Mean OPI was 81.78 (22.97). Mean value of OPI was 86.35 (13.27) among patients who brushed their teeth once a day but it was decreased gradually as the  patients  increased  frequency  of  toothbrush  use  per  day  and  became  85.74  (±26.12)  among  the patients who brushed their teeth thrice a day. Mean value of OPI was 81.98 (±23.27) who did not use dental floss and 75.00 (±7.00) who used dental floss once a day. Mean value of OPI was 84.65 (±23.10) who used inter dental brush irregularly but 35.00 (±0.00) who used it thrice a day. Mean value of OPI was 85.70 (±22.43) who did not use mouth wash whereas it reduced to 46.00 (±0.00) among them who used mouth wash thrice a day.  Conclusion: All the indexes of oral hygiene are increased in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances in the Department of Orthodontics in BSMMU. Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2017; Vol-7 (1-2), P.16-19

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