scholarly journals Defeating Patriarchy on Its Own Terms: The Paradox of Female Chastity in Krittivasa’s Ramayana

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Saumitra Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
Female Empowerment ◽  
Epic Hero ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
Spiritual Energy ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One ◽  
Sanskrit Epic

<em>This essay attempts to analyze the role of women in the Bengali Ramayana of Krittivasa, a regional version of the original Sanskrit epic composed by Valmiki. It does so from the perspective of the strict code of female chastity enshrined in a patriarchal society and enforced upon its women by their male guardians within and beyond the home. While on the one hand, it is an instrument of female subjugation, this essay make an attempt to analyze how the strict observance of this code by the women in the epic, makes it a weapon of female empowerment across the different strata of society through which the text operates. The powerful spiritual energy generated in the process by these women can threaten even the most powerful of patriarchs including the epic hero Rama himself.</em>

On Women, Power, and Politics During the Last Phase of the Ilkhanate

Arabica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hend Gilli-Elewy
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Study ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Fragmentation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One

Abstract As a social and cultural study, this article is an attempt to contribute to the discussion around the end of the Ilkhanate by looking at the question of assimilation of Muslim and Mongol traditions during Abū Saʿīd’s rule (reg. 716-736/1316-1335). By studying this period through the main focus of women’s roles, it hopes to draw connections between the traditional Turco-Mongol status of elite women, the process of Islamization of the Ilkhanate, and the Ilkhanate’s inability to ensure continuity of government after the death of Abū Saʿīd. It will highlight the role of women of the ruling house during this period that on the one hand was seen as a Golden Age of the Ilkhanate, but on the other hand was marked by political fragmentation, confusing alliances, marriages, and numerous rebellions which ultimately led to its dissolution. The tension between choosing to remain loyal to traditional Turco-Mongol values and the processes of cultural exchanges, integration, and especially conversion to Islam becomes particularly interesting when studying the role of women in the late Ilkhanid court.

Women in Buddhism

Buddhism ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gutschow
Keyword(s):  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Buddhist Studies ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Women And Buddhism ◽  
The One ◽  
Women In Buddhism

The very existence of a “Women and Buddhism” entry but no “Men in Buddhism” entry implies a set of methodological lacunae in Buddhist studies. On the one hand, Buddhist studies have often proceeded as if the history of men in Buddhism stands in for Buddhist history, with little effort made to mention or recover the significance of women. On the other hand, systematic methodological choices, such as the discounting of feminist analysis and the privileging of text over other sources of knowledge, have exacerbated the tendency to elide the role of women in Buddhism. This elision of women, or their marginalization, in Buddhist analyses where “man” or “male” is assumed to represent “human” has prompted a countersurge of analyses. These latter analyses have found ample evidence for the centrality of gender and women in shaping Buddhist society and soteriology. Although works are now available that cover the role of women and gender in most Buddhist eras or societies, these have only scratched the surface of an extraordinarily rich set of material and questions. It remains to be seen how well Buddhist scholarship can give gender and women their proper place in developing its central concerns.

scholarly journals PERANAN PEREMPUAN DALAM MASYARAKAT ISLAM DI ERA POST MODERNIASASI PENDEKATAN TAFSIR TEMATIK

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Masturin Masturin
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Text Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Modern Era

<p><strong>Abstract</strong>:<em> The role of women  seems still  to be a discourse that becomes a debate among the  feminist theoreticians. Something that becomes the crucial problem is how to position the role of women in contemporary Islamic societies. Through a thematic interpretation approach, this paper tried to describe the role of women in Islamic societies in the post-modern era. Discourse and gender movement had a great influence on Muslim society. The demands on the role of women were not only related to the role of freedom of their activities in the domestic realm but also related to the public domain. The Qur'an was present not in the empty time and but rather to respond to a variety of community activities in place in which it was revealed. He - the Qu’ran - had an idealistic normative values that should be believed, held and executed. The text data of the Qu’ran could be illustrated by a triadic system depicting the role of women and their relationships with the Lord, the roles and relationships of women in the family; and the roles and relationships in the community, including the Islamic community. Islam, as a religion, on the one hand was not only as a pure idea that was absolute and universal, but on the other hand, it was also as a product of the ideas that are not only relative but also limited. However, with its relativity and limitation as the product of the thought, it was still able to show the distinction of its egalitarian with the concept built by modern-secular feminism movement through the principle of parity.</em></p><p dir="RTL"><strong>الملخص</strong> :أصبحت المرأة موضوع نقاش بين مفكّرات النسوية إلى الآن. القضية المهمّة هي كيف يكون دور المرأة في المجتمع المسلم المعاصر. حاولت هذه الدراسة – بمدخل التفسير الموضوعي – تصوير دور المرأة في المجتمع المسلم في العصر بعد الحداثة. الحركة والأفكار  عن الجنس لها أثرها في المجتمع المسلم. اقتضاءات المرأة ليس فقط عن حريّة العمل في الأسرة لكن كذلك في المجتمع. وإن القرآن لاينزل في ثقافة مجتمع فارغة، لكنّه يستجيب شتى الأنشطة والأعمال قام بها المجتمع الذي نزل فيه. والقرآن فيه تعاليم وقيم أدبية شاملة كاملة التي يجب الاعتقاد بها والتمسك بها والعمل بها. والنصوص القرآنية تمثّل ترياديك التي تصوّر دور المرأة وعلاقتها بالله، دورها وعلاقتها بالأسرة، ودورها في المجتمع وخاصة المجتمع المسلم. والإسلام ككونه آراء أصيلة وهو عام ومطلق، لكن لكونه نتائج أفكار فهو غير مطلق ومحدّد. ولكن بكونه مثل هذا، استطاع أن يكون فارقا واضحا بينه وبين المفهومات التي أتت بها الحركة النسوية  المعاصرة العلمانية عن طريق الأساس بارتاس.</p><p><strong>Abstrak:<em> </em></strong><em>Peran perempuan merupakan diskursus yang masih jadi perbincangan teoritisi feminis. Hal yang menjadi problem krusial adalah bagaimana memposisikan peran perempuan dalam masyarakat Islam kekinian. Melalui pendekatan tafsir tematik, tulisan ini mencoba untuk mendiskripsikan peran perempuan dalam masyarakat Islam di era post-modern. Wacana dan gerakan gender memiliki pengaruh besar bagi masyarakat Islam. Tuntutan peran tidak saja terkait kebebasan beraktifitas di ranah domestik tetapi juga terkait dengan ranah publik. Al-Qur’an hadir tidak dalam ruang dan waktu yang hampa, melainkan merespon beragam aktifitas masyarakat di tempat ia diturunkan. Ia – al-Qur’an – memiliki tata nilai normatif-idealitik yang harus diyakini, dipegang teguh dan dijalankan. Data-data teks al-Qur’an, dapat diilustrasikan dengan sebuah triadik yang menggambarkan peran perempuan dan relasinya dengan Tuhan; peran dan relasi perempuan dalam keluarga; dan peran dan relasinya dalam masyarakat termasuk masyarakat Islam. Islam, sebagai sebuah agama, di satu sisi merupakan ide murni karenanya absolut dan universal, namun di sisi yang lain, ia merupakan hasil pemikiran yang tidak saja relatif tetapi juga terbatas. Namun dengan kerelatifan dan keterbatasan hasil pemikiran itu, ia tetap mampu menunjukkan distingsi egaliteriannya dengan konsepsi yang dibangun gerakan feminism modern-sekuler melalui prinsip paritas.                            </em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>tafsir, domestik, publik, absolut, sub-ordinat, paritas.</p>

scholarly journals Miejsce i rola kobiety w rodzinie na przestrzeni wieków. Od Antyku po I wojnę światową. Zarys problematyki

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Rafał Kamprowski
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Time History ◽  
Women's Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One

For a long time, history of women was not in the mainstream of interest. The interest for this topic was not shown untill the twentieth century. The aim of this paper is to present a long and difficult struggle to gain the status similar to the one women have nowadays. It is difficult to understand the present reality without going back to the past. The role of women is undergoing a lot of changes all the time. This subject is a huge field for research. The article attempts to give a summary of publications which deal with women’s issues.

scholarly journals The Role of Women in the Political Discourse of Muslim Countries

Islamovedenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
Gadzhimuradova Gyulnara Ilyasbekovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Islamic Movements ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the problem of gender equality in Tunisia, Lebanon and Turkey. These countries belong to the Arab-Muslim world, where religious traditions and Sharia law are strong. The authors show what path these countries have taken in addressing gender equality is-sues and outline the role of women themselves in addressing the question of their rights. The article shows the results of women's struggle for their rights and the ways women's right to equality are implemented in each country. The authors emphasize the importance of women's participation in the social and political life of countries. They use the examples of Tunisia, Leb-anon and Turkey that, on the one hand, are part of the Muslim world, and, on the other hand, adhere to secular principles of government at the legislative level. The article shows that tradi-tions are still strong in these countries, and religion is a powerful social and political factor that affects the current state of gender equality and hinders women's participation in politics at dif-ferent levels of government. The study attempts to demonstrate the role governments and vari-ous Islamic movements play in shaping public policy towards women and their rights, and the role of women themselves in the society and in addressing gender equality issues.

scholarly journals The Women, Religion and Politics in Middle East

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Hoda Nehmé
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Religious System ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
As If

LA FEMME, LA RELIGION ET LA POLITIQUE AU MOYEN-ORIENT Resumo: atualmente, a religião não está somente em uma crescente onda de expansão fundamentalista, disfarçada de adversária surreal contra a ocidentalização do globo. Entretanto, assistimos ao desenvolvimento do obscurantismo, como se fosse um tumor em matéria de religiosidade. Neste artigo, pretendemos perceber este processo observando o papel das mulheres. Esta mulher que lutou para encontrar espaço em uma sociedade essencialmente patriarcal e profundamente religiosa encontra-se no jogo de um sistema político-religioso que consome seu meios de sobrevivência social. Palavras-chave: Religião. Mulheres. Oriente Médio. Patriarcalismo. Abstract: currently, the religion is not only in a rising tide of fundamentalist expansion, disguised as surreal fight against destroyes the Westernization of the globe. However, we have seen the development of obscurantism, as if were a tumor in terms of religiosity. In this article, we intend to realize this process looking at the role of women. This woman who struggled to find space in an essentially patriarchal society and deeply religious is in game of a politico-religious system that consumes your livelihoods. Keywords: Religion. Women. Middle East. Patriarchy.

scholarly journals Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Perempuan melalui Strategi Keuangan Inklusif oleh Koperasi Mitra Dhuafa (KOMIDA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-87
Author(s):  
Junius Fernando S. Saragih
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Capital Financing ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Poverty is still relatively high, especially among women. On the one hand the gap in work participation between men and women still occurs. On the other hand women have the opportunity to overcome the problems of poverty and their families with flexible work and do not interfere with the task of taking care of the household. Entrepreneurship is the right choice but needs to be accompanied by inclusive finance that brings capital closer to women. Inclusive finance is characterized by access to business capital financing without collateral, one-stop financial transactions, availability of financing that exceeds demand and increased financial literacy including saving habits and increasing financial management capabilities. It aims to describe and analyze the application of inclusive financial strategies in sustainable poverty reduction for women and to explain and analyze the impact of poverty reduction on low-income women and their families. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The results show that financing can increase business interest and stimulate business development, increase income and strengthen the role of women in the welfare of their families. Poverty alleviation through an inclusive financial strategy is effective in increasing the economy, capacity and role of women in the welfare of the family. An adequate selection and monitoring system has a profound effect on this success.AbstrakKemiskinan masih tergolong tinggi, khususnya di kalangan perempuan. Sementara kesenjangan partisipasi kerja antara laki-laki dan perempuan masih terjadi. Di sisi lain perempuan memiliki peluang untuk mengatasi masalah kemiskinannya dan keluarganya dengan pekerjaan yang fleksibel dan tidak mengganggu tugas mengurus rumah tangga. Berwirausaha adalah pilihan yang tepat, namun perlu diiringi dengan keuangan inklusif yang mendekatkan modal kepada perempuan. Keuangan inklusif ditandai dengan akses terhadap pembiayaan modal usaha tanpa agunan, transaksi keuangan satu pintu, ketersediaan pembiayaan yang melebihi permintaan, dan peningkatan literasi keuangan, meliputi kebiasaan menabung serta peningkatan kemampuan pengelolaan keuangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan dan menganalisis penerapan strategi keuangan inklusif dalam penanggulangan kemiskinan perempuan serta dampaknya terhadap perempuan berpendapatan rendah dan keluarganya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pembiayaan mampu meningkatkan minat usaha dan memberi stimulan dalam pengembangan usaha, peningkatan pendapatan, serta memperkuat peran perempuan dalam menyejahterakan keluarganya. Penanggulangan kemiskinan melalui strategi keuangan inklusif efektif meningkatkan ekonomi, kapasitas dan peran perempuan dalam menyejahterakan keluarga. Sistem seleksi dan monitoring yang memadai sangat besar pengaruhnya akan keberhasilan ini. 

scholarly journals A Study on Role of Women in Economic Development in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
G Angala Eswari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One ◽  
Active Contribution

Empowering women is a critical issue in developing nations. Even though women are an integral part of any society, yet their involvement in decision making by the use of their active contribution in economic activities is shallow. Women empowerment and economic development are interlinked, where on the one hand, development alone can play a significant role in driving down inequality between women and men while on the other hand empowering women can benefit development. This paper explores the role of women in the workforce for the economic development of the country in different States.

scholarly journals Descolonização literária na crônica “A cabeça de Salomé”, de Ana Paula Tavares

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Cammarata
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The One

Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o processo de descolonização literária na obra de Ana Paula Tavares através do uso do discurso religioso e do papel da mulher na ancestralidade de matriz banta, fazendo uma análise crítica do discurso da crônica “A cabeça de Salomé” (2004). Pretende-se demonstrar que as referências culturais a certas formas de expressão comunicativas da narrativa oral e das crenças de origem cabinda e quioca conseguem criar uma nova forma de reescrever a identidade angolana, criando uma contramemória que se contrapõe à memória dominante, imposta pelos colonizadores portugueses ao longo da história. Desta forma, a figura bíblica de Salomé toma uma conotação diferente com respeito ao Evangelho, adaptando-se às necessidades narrativas da autora que quer enfatizar o legado banto para subverter as imagens pré-estabelecidas das convenções culturais ocidentais, que têm afetado dramaticamente o país angolano e a sua identidade nacional.Palavras-chave: Ana Paula Tavares; literatura angolana; espiritualismo banto; análise crítica do discurso.Abstract: By carrying out a critical discourse analysis of the chronicle “A cabeça de Salomé” (2004) by Ana Paula Tavares, the purpose of the present article is to reflect on the process of literary decolonisation, occurring through the development of a religious discourse and the emphasis given to the role of women in Bantu ancestry. This paper aims to demonstrate that the cultural references related to certain forms of expression belonging to the oral tradition, as well as the Cabinda and Tshokwe beliefs evoked by the author, create a new way of re-defining the Angolan identity, by developing an anti-memory as opposed to the dominant memory, which had been imposed by the Portuguese colonisers over the centuries. This way, the biblical figure of Salomé assumes a different connotation compared to the one depicted in the Gospel, as a result of the adaptation to the narrative needs of the author, who wants to emphasise the Bantu legacy in order to subvert the pre-established western cultural conventions that have affected dramatically the Angolan country and its national identity.Keywords: Ana Paula Tavares; Angolan Literature; Bantu Spiritualism; Critical Discourse Analysis.

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