scholarly journals State, Market and Citizens’ Sector in Post-Transition Societies: Towards an Inclusive Framework of Governance in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p211
Author(s):  
Abdulhamid Ozohu-Suleiman, Ph.D.
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Engagement Process ◽  
State And Market ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Tripartite Relationship

The crisis of governance being experienced by states in the continent of Africa since the fourth quarter of the last century has provoked widespread debates on good governance and its requirements. These debates revolve around the premises of welfarism aimed at evaluating the capacity of the state to deliver existential requirements of citizens. The point at issues is that the most significant ends of good governance are citizens and their quality of life. Thus, in connecting government with the society as a whole (to secure this mandate), scholarly preoccupation has been on the changing tripartite relationship among the state, market and the citizens’ sector. This paper seeks to interrogate this relationship in Nigeria in terms of what has been achieved and the prospects for improved quality of governance, bearing in mind the constraints imposed by certain tendencies in the democratization process. It argues that the post-transition impact of civil society (broadly referred to as citizens’ sector), which constitutes a significant part of the environment in which the state operates has not received sufficient scholarly attention in states of Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper observes that the triumph of market economy and the concomitant shrinking of the state have significantly altered the institutional landscape of governance for the citizens’ sector to deepen its engagement with a trimmed government. In other words, outside the formal institutions of the state and market, the citizens’ sector has a crucial role to play in the good governance project. In states like Nigeria, liberal political conditions have provided the needed impetus for this inclusive framework of governance to flourish. It acknowledges that though, civil society (operating under a variety of organizations) has established its visibility in the political space, none-the-less, proactive and sustainable engagement with the state on policy issues is required to effectively drive the good governance project. Be that as it may, this paper recommends among others that the legal framework in respect of this tripartite relationship should be strengthened for optimal results, and that in (specific terms), in order to deepen the collaboration between the state and the citizens’ sector, the National Assembly should make law to provide a legal framework aimed at institutionalizing the Office of the Senior Special Assistance to the Presidents on Civil Society. This institutionalization will cascade into the role of civil society in the citizen engagement process.

Beyond the State: Civil Society and Associational Life in Africa

1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bratton
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
The State ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Associational Life ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
Sub Saharan

The current scholarly preoccupation with the state may obscure more than it reveals for students of politics in sub-Saharan Africa. The weakly formed state in Africa—beset by decline in economic production and political authority—is now retreating from overambitious attempts at social transformation. The time is therefore ripe for societal actors to play an enhanced role in political change. This article reviews the current literature on state-society relations in Africa with particular emphasis on the nature of African associational life and the extent to which it is taking on a politically organized form as an identifiable civil society. The author proposes a theoretical framework and research agenda that takes account of the capacity of either state or societal actors to exercise a range of options to engage or disengage.

Simulating SST Teleconnections to Africa: What is the State of the Art?

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 5397-5418 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Rainfall Anomalies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Better Than

Abstract This study provides an overview of the state of the art of modeling SST teleconnections to Africa and begins to investigate the sources of error. Data are obtained from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) archives, phases 3 and 5 (CMIP3 and CMIP5), using the “20C3M” and “historical” coupled model experiments. A systematic approach is adopted, with the scope narrowed to six large-scale regions of sub-Saharan Africa within which seasonal rainfall anomalies are reasonably coherent, along with six SST modes known to affect these regions. No significant nonstationarity of the strength of these 6 × 6 teleconnections is found in observations. The capability of models to represent each teleconnection is then assessed (whereby half the teleconnections have observed SST–rainfall correlations that differ significantly from zero). A few of these teleconnections are found to be relatively easy to model, while a few more pose substantial challenges to models and many others exhibit a wide variety of model skill. Furthermore, some models perform consistently better than others, with the best able to at least adequately simulate 80%–85% of the 36 teleconnections. No improvement is found between CMIP3 and CMIP5. Analysis of atmosphere-only simulations suggests that the coupled model teleconnection errors may arise primarily from errors in their SST climatology and variability, although errors in the atmospheric component of teleconnections also play a role. Last, no straightforward relationship is found between the quality of a model's teleconnection to Africa and its SST or rainfall biases or its resolution. Perhaps not surprisingly, the causes of these errors are complex, and will require considerable further investigation.

scholarly journals Foreign Remittances, Good Governance and Human Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from FMOLS and DOLS

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Kabiru Kamalu ◽  
Wan Hakimah Binti Wan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Level ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Cost

Even though some progress has been recorded in terms of GDP growth in Sub-Saharan Africa, still the region has high level of extreme poverty, income inequality, insecurity, consequently low human development. This study examined the effect of foreign remittances and governance on human development for 20 countries of sub-Saharan Africa, using data from 1996 to 2019. The study used FMOLS and DOLS methods to estimates the long run coefficients. All the variables are I(1), have cross section dependency and cointegrated. The results revealed that foreign remittances and governance promote long run human development in sub-Saharan Africa. The results also show that inflation, population growth and military expenditures found to have negative long run effect on human development, while financial development have positive long run effect on human development in sub-Saharan Africa.  Therefore, to promote human development, policies that will attract and encourage sending remittances through official channel should be put in place, especially related to the cost of sending remittances to sub-Saharan Africa. Also, policies to strengthen institutions and provide quality regulatory and legal framework for equitable distribution of resources to reduce poverty, and the cost of doing business, thereby promoting business activities, human capital development, consequently higher human development.

Ilusi Good Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohibul Anshor Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan

Sebelum menjadi wacana internasional yang secara otoritatif “dipaksakan” ke seluruh dunia pada dekade 1990-an, terminologi Good Governance (GG) pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Bank Dunia (BD) dalam publikasinya (1989) berjudul Sub Saharan Africa: From Crisis to Sustainable Growth. BD memang sangat agresif mengkampanyekan konsep GG, bahkan memaksa dilakukannya penyesuaian-penyesuaian kelembagaan sebagai prasyarat mendapatkan bantuan pembangunan. Setiap negara wajib tunduk pada kriteria yang dibuat, dan para konsultan ditugasi untuk memperlancar proses itu.

scholarly journals Quality of care in the free maternal healthcare era in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review of providers’ and managers’ perceptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Ansu-Mensah ◽  
Frederick Inkum Danquah ◽  
Vitalis Bawontuo ◽  
Peter Ansu-Mensah ◽  
Tahiru Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Healthcare Financing ◽  
Maternal Healthcare ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Free maternal healthcare financing schemes play an essential role in the quality of services rendered to clients during antenatal care in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, healthcare managers’ and providers’ perceptions of the healthcare financing scheme may influence the quality of care. This scoping review mapped evidence on managers’ and providers’ perspectives of free maternal healthcare and the quality of care in SSA. Methods We used Askey and O’Malley’s framework as a guide to conduct this review. To address the research question, we searched PubMed, CINAHL through EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar with no date limitation to May 2019 using keywords, Boolean terms, and Medical Subject Heading terms to retrieve relevant articles. Both abstract and full articles screening were conducted independently by two reviewers using the inclusion and exclusion criteria as a guide. All significant data were extracted, organized into themes, and a summary of the findings reported narratively. Results In all, 15 out of 390 articles met the inclusion criteria. These 15 studies were conducted in nine countries. That is, Ghana (4), Kenya (3), and Nigeria (2), Burkina Faso (1), Burundi (1), Niger (1), Sierra Leone (1), Tanzania (1), and Uganda (1). Of the 15 included studies, 14 reported poor quality of maternal healthcare from managers’ and providers’ perspectives. Factors contributing to the perception of poor maternal healthcare included: late reimbursement of funds, heavy workload of providers, lack of essential drugs and stock-out of medical supplies, lack of policy definition, out-of-pocket payment, and inequitable distribution of staff. Conclusion This study established evidence of existing literature on the quality of care based on healthcare providers’ and managers’ perspectives though very limited. This study indicates healthcare providers and managers perceive the quality of maternal healthcare under the free financing policy as poor. Nonetheless, the free maternal care policy is very much needed towards achieving universal health, and all efforts to sustain and improve the quality of care under it must be encouraged. Therefore, more research is needed to better understand the impact of their perceived poor quality of care on maternal health outcomes.

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