scholarly journals The Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Humic Acid from Borneo Peat Soil in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Rusliandi Rusliandi ◽  
Diah Wulandari Rousdy ◽  
Mukarlina Mukarlina
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Edema Volume ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soil Humic Acid ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Edema Inhibition

Humic acid is a humus compound found in peat soil. Humic acid can potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory compound. This study aimed to determine the effect of humic acid on the volume of foot mice edema and to find the best dose that can suppress the degree of edema volume. The animal object was Swiss mice weighing 25-30 grams and 3 months old. The study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with positive control, negative control and humic acid treatment with dose 62.5 mg kg-1BW, 125 mg kg-1BW, and 250 mg kg-1BW. The result of this research showed that edema inhibition by the administration of humic acid dose 62,5; 125; 250 mg kg-1 had inflammatory inhibition percentage 2.67%, 13.34%, and 20.01% respectively in 5-hour observation. The best dose of humic acid to suppress inflammation in the mice's paw is a humic acid dose of 250 mg kg-1 compared with value 23.3% of sodium diclofenac as the positive control.

scholarly journals Symbiotics and Aloe vera and Symphytum officinale extracts in broiler feed

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rodrigues Oliveira ◽  
Fabiana Ramos Santos ◽  
Eduardo Ferreira Duarte ◽  
Gustavo Silva Guimarães ◽  
Nadiessa Sartori Carvalho Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symphytum Officinale ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This study aimed to test the effects of dietary Aloe vera and Symphytum officinale extracts added separately or in combination with symbiotics on the performance, nutrient utilization, serum biochemical parameters, biometrics, and intestinal histomorfometry of broilers. The experiment had a randomized block design with five treatments and six replicates of ten broilers each. Treatments were as follows: negative control and positive control (diet without and with antibiotic, respectively); 0.2% Aloe vera (AV); 0.2% Symphytum officinale (S); 0.2% functional supplement, composed of symbiotics fermented in Aloe vera and comfrey plant extracts (S+PE). At seven days of age, FI of birds fed the Aloe vera extracts diets were lower than that observed for birds consuming the diet with Symphytum officinale extract and S+PE. Broiler performance remained unaffected by treatments at others ages evaluated. At 10 to 14 days of age the lowest ADCDM ADCCP was shown in group feed NC. The highest ADCCP was observed in PC control group and in diets supplemented with Aloe vera and S+PE. Serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phosphorus were affected by addition of extracts at seven, 21, and 35 days of age. The longest duodenal villi were observed in broilers fed S+PE diets at seven days of age. Aloe vera and Symphytum officinale extracts and symbiotics can be used in broiler diets as an alternative to growth-promoting antibiotics.

PSVI-8 Effects of a mycotoxin deactivator on performance of gestating and lactating gilts fed diets containing added mycotoxins

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 398-399
Author(s):  
Sinthia Siqueira ◽  
Hébert De Brito ◽  
Wagner Araújo ◽  
Hélio Neves ◽  
Mara Benfato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a mycotoxin deactivator in diets containing added mycotoxins for gestating and lactating gilts on their performance. A total of 60 gilts (LD x LW) were used. After insemination the gilts were distributed among 3 dietary treatments according to a randomized block design: a negative control (CON); mycotoxin positive control (Myc); and a positive control added a mycotoxin deactivator (Myc+Deact 2 kg/ton; Unike®Plus, Adisseo). The total mycotoxins levels added to the diets 2 and 3 from d 75 of gestation until farrowing were: DON at 2.5 mg/kg, FBs at 10 mg/kg, and ZEA at 0.75mg/kg. Sows received the experimental diets from d 75 of gestation until weaning (i.e. 21 d). At farrowing, total number of piglets born, born alive, stillborn, and mummies were measured. Piglets were individually weighed 24-h post-farrowing, and at weaning to determine litter performance during lactation. The effects of diet composition, blocks and initial weight were tested according to a general linear procedure analysis of variance (GLM procedure of SAS). During gestation, treatments influenced (P = 0.022) sow mortality rate: CON had no mortality and Myc 15.8% and Myc+deact 10.5%. Same observation was made for the lactation period (P = 0.017): CON showed a lower mortality rate compared to the mycotoxin fed sows (5.0 vs. 31.2 vs. 11.8%, respectively for CON, Myc and Myc+deact). Sow milk production yield was greater (P = 0.021) in CON (11.66 vs. 9.53 vs. 9.67 kg/ d, respectively for CON, Myc and Myc+deact). As a consequence of that, treatments also influenced piglet (P = 0.047) and litter (P = 0.048) weight with a higher value for CON sows, followed by Myc+deact and Myc. Our findings showed that the use of the deactivator can mitigate the negative effects on performance when animals are subjected to diets contaminated by challenging levels of mycotoxins.

scholarly journals STUDI PENAMBAHAN SERAI (Cymbopogon citratus) DAN TEMU MANGGA (Curcuma mangga) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK MINUMAN SARI UMBI BIT (Beta vulagris L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Inten Sharon Datuyanan ◽  
Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak ◽  
Andree Wijaya Setiawan ◽  
Yoga Aji Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Randomized Block Design

As food contains vitamin, mineral and antioxidant, beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) had beneficial for health. Although beetroot contains a lot of nutritional value, beetroot is less liked by the public because of an earthy taste. For this reason, it needs innovation of the beetroot processing into products that can be accepted by the public, such as beverage fruit drink with food additives. In this study, beetroot juice with food additives, i.e. lemongrass, and turmeric mango was expected to improve taste and acceptable consumer. This study were aimed to analyze the effect of lemongrass and turmeric mango on physicochemical characteristics and determine the organoleptic quality of beetroot juice. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with the addition of lemongrass and turmeric mango respectively 1%, 3%, 5% concentration in the beetroot juice. Negative control used beetroot juice plain and the positive control used beet juice plus honey. Data were analyzed by variance (ANOVA), if the results obtained were significantly different, the DMRT continuing with 5% significant level. The results showed that the addition of lemongrass and turmeric mango with the concentration of each 1%, 3%, 5% effect on the physicochemical characteristics and organoleptic beet juice. The highest total dissolved solids was 6.92oBrix and the highest betacyanin content of 10.26 mg/L occurred at the addition of 5% turmeric mango. The highest pH value was shown in the negative control (beetroot juice plain) with an average of 6.52. The highest vitamin C content found in the addition of 1% lemongrass about 6.16 mg/100g. The results also showed that the organoleptic beet juice with the addition of 1% lemongrass and the positive control (beet juice plus honey) as a sample that it the most preferred by the panelists. Keywords: beetroot juice, lemongrass, physical-chemistry, organoleptic, turmeric mango

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN BEBERAPA ISOLAT Trichoderma harzianum SEBAGAI AGENSIA PENGENDALI HAYATI PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PADA BAWANG MERAH IN PLANTA

EUGENIA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aenul Latifah ◽  
. Kustantinah ◽  
Loekas Soesanto
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potato Isolate

ABSTRACT The green house research aimed to know the best isolate of T. harzianum in controlling Fusarium wilt , shallot production, and the effect of T. harzianum application time in suppressing the disease. Randomized block design was used with twelve treatments. Each treatment was replicated three times. The treatments were negative control, positive control as wel as extract of ginger isolate, banana isolate, shallot isolate, potato isolate, and ginseng isolates. The treatments were  applied a week before or after inoculation of the pathogen. The result showed that the antagonist extract of ginger isolate applied a week before inoculation decreased the disease intensity by 43.854%. The antagonist extract application applied before or after inoculation were not significant difference . The antagonist of potato isolate extract was the best in increasing number of plants per clump and tuber fresh weight resulting  9.7503 and 13.133 g, respectively. The best extract in increasing root growth was shallot extract. The ginger isolate extract increased root length by 17.672%. Keywords: Trichoderma harzianum isolates, biological control, Fusarium wilt, shallot   ABSTRAK Penelitian rumah kasa ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui isolat T. harzianum yang paling baik dalam mengendalikan penyakit moler dan meningkatkan hasil bawang merah, serta pengaruh waktu pemberian T. harzianum dalam menekan penyakit moler. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), yang terdiri atas 12 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang dicoba adalah kontrol negatif (tanpa perlakuan T. harzianum dan  Fusarium oxysporum) dan kontrol positif (hanya dengan inokulasi F. oxysporum), serta ekstrak isolat jahe, pisang, bawang merah, kentang, dan ginseng yang diberikan 1 minggu sebelum atau sesudah inokulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak T. harzianum isolat jahe yang disiram sebelum inokulasi Fusarium oxysporum, mampu menurunkan intensitas penyakit sebesar 43,854%. Belum terlihat jelas pengaruh nyata pemberian ekstrak antagonis sebelum maupun sesudah inokulasi patogen. Ekstrak T. harzianum isolat kentang adalah isolat terbaik dalam meningkatkan jumlah anakan per rumpun dan bobot basah umbi, yaitu masing-masing 9,7503 dan 13,133 g, sedangkan ekstrak terbaik dalam pertumbuhan akar yaitu isolat bawang merah yang meningkatkan jumlah akar sebesar 57,452% dan ekstrak isolat jahe menunjukkan pengaruh terbaik meningkatkan panjang akar sebesar 17,672%. Eugenia Volume 17  No. 2  Agustus 2011 Kata Kunci: Isolat Trichoderma harzianum, pengendalian hayati, penyakit layu Fusarium, bawang merah

PSIV-10 Effects of chronic molybdenum exposure in drinking water or feed on molybdenum and copper status and production performance of gestating and lactating beef cattle consuming a low-quality forage diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 294-295
Author(s):  
Meghan P Thorndyke ◽  
Octavio Guimaraes ◽  
Matheus Medrado ◽  
Briana V Tangredi ◽  
Huey Yi Loh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Mineral Status ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Calf Performance

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of Mo source (feed or water) on performance and mineral status of cows and calves fed a forage-based diet for two years (DM basis: 6.6% CP; 0.14% S, 6.7 mg Cu/kg, 2.4 mg Mo/kg). Fifty-four cow-calf pairs were stratified by cow age, BW, and liver Cu and Mo status, and randomly assigned to one of six treatments. Treatments consisted of: 1) Negative control (NC; no supplemental Mo or Cu); 2) Positive control [PC: NC + Cu (3 mg Cu/kg diet DM from CuSO4·5H2O)]; 3) NC + 500 µg Mo/L from MoNa2O4·2H2O in drinking water (Mo 500-water); 4) NC + 1000 µg Mo/L of MoNa2O4·2H2O in drinking water (Mo 1000-water); 5) Mo 1000-water + 3 mg Cu/kg diet DM from CuSO4·5H2O (Mo 1000-water+Cu); and 6) NC + 3 mg Mo/kg diet DM from MoNa2O4·2H2O (3.0 Mo-diet). Cattle were allowed ad-libitum access to feed, water, and a protein supplement throughout the experiment. During the winter months animals were housed in three replicate pens per treatment and during the summer months animals were housed in separate pastures by treatment where cow and calf feed and water intake could be measured separately. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized block design. Throughout the experiment no signs of molybdenosis were observed. There was a treatment x time (P < 0.01) interaction for cow liver Cu concentrations. Cows not receiving supplemental Cu had lower (P < 0.01) liver Cu concentrations than cows receiving supplemental Cu. Cow and calf performance, calf mineral status, cow liver Mo, and plasma and milk Mo and Cu concentrations were similar across treatments. These data indicate that Mo supplemented in water or feed at concentrations used in this experiment had minimal impact on Cu status and overall animal performance.

scholarly journals Effect of Gooseberry (Physalis angulata) Ethanol Extract in Wistar Rats Carrageenan-Induced Paw Oedema

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Nurlatifah ◽  
Eka Hendryanny ◽  
Yuniarti Yuniarti
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Edema Inhibition

Gooseberry is an herbaceous plant that contains flavonoids. Flavonoid is one of the secondary metabolites that have an anti-inflammatory effect. This study aims to determine the effect of using ethanol extract of gooseberry as an anti-inflammatory in carrageenan-induced paw edema. This study was in vivo experimental laboratory using a completely randomized design of 25 Wistar rats and divided into five groups. The negative control group was given carboxymethylcellulose. The positive control group has given diclofenac sodium 27 mg/200 gBW. The sample test group has given ethanol extract of gooseberry with 3.6 mg/200 gBW, 5.4 mg/200 gBW, and 7.2 mg/200 gBW dosage. Paw rat’s inflammation induced by injecting carrageenan and measured from 1st to 6th hour using a pletismometer. This study has conducted at Pharmacology Laboratory, Universitas Islam Bandung, and the Laboratory of Therapy and Pharmacology, Universitas Padjajaran, from June to September 2019. The result of average edema volume paw rats using the Kruskal-Wallis test on the 6th hour was p=0.02 (p<0.05). The Mann-Whitney test was p<0.05, showing differences between negative control and positive control and sample test groups. One-way ANOVA test on the percentage of edema inhibition between positive control and sample test group had p=0.107. It shows no significant difference. An effect of ethanol of extract of gooseberries as an anti-inflammatory with the highest percentage of edema inhibition is 5.4 mg/200 gBW dosage. The flavonoid content in gooseberries is thought to inhibit the formation of prostaglandins by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of gooseberry can be anti-inflammatory. EFEK EKSTRAK ETANOL CIPLUKAN (PHYSALIS ANGULATA) TERHADAP EDEMA TELAPAK KAKI TIKUS GALUR WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI KARAGENANCiplukan adalah tanaman herbal yang mengandung flavonoid. Flavonoid merupakan salah satu metabolit sekunder yang dapat memberikan efek antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan ekstrak etanol ciplukan sebagai antiinflamasi pada tikus yang diinduksi karagenan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian laboratorium eksperimental in vivo menggunakan desain rancangan acak lengkap pada 25 ekor tikus galur Wistar yang terbagi ke dalam lima kelompok. Kelompok kontrol negatif diberi carboxymethilcellulose. Kontrol positif diberi sodium diklofenak 27 mg/200 gBB. Kelompok uji diberi ekstrak etanol ciplukan dengan dosis 3,6 mg/200 gBB; 5,4 mg/200 gBB; dan 7,2 mg/200 gBB. Induksi inflamasi dilakukan dengan menginjeksikan karagenan pada telapak kaki tikus, lalu diukur menggunakan pletismometer dari jam ke-1 hingga jam ke-6. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmasi, Universitas Islam Bandung dan Laboratorium Farmasi dan Terapi, Universitas Padjajaran dari bulan Juni hingga September 2019. Volume rerata telapak kaki tikus pada jam ke-6 menggunakan Uji Kruskal-Wallis adalah p=0,02 (p<0,05). Hasil Uji Mann-Whitney diperoleh p<0,05 yang menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif serta kelompok uji. Uji one-way ANOVA pada persentase penghambatan edema antara kontrol positif dan kelompok uji diperoleh p=0,107 yang menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna. Terdapat pengaruh ekstrak etanol ciplukan sebagai antiinflamasi dengan persentase penghambatan edema tertinggi pada dosis 5,4 mg/200 gBB. Kandungan flavonoid pada ciplukan diduga mampu menghambat pembentukan prostaglandin dengan menginhibisi enzim siklooksigenase. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etanol ciplukan dapat digunakan sebagai antiinflamasi.

scholarly journals The Effect of Leaf Shredding on Apple Scab in South African Orchards

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 2094-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia G. von Diest ◽  
Julia C. Meitz-Hopkins ◽  
William E. MacHardy ◽  
Cheryl L. Lennox
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Commercial Fungicide

The South African apple industry currently relies entirely on chemical fungicides to control apple scab (Venturia inaequalis). In this study, the effectiveness of sanitation strategies in reducing scab incidence and severity in South African orchards was evaluated. Over three seasons, leaf shredding with no fungicide sprays was tested against a nonsprayed, nonshredded negative control, a positive control that followed a commercial fungicide program, and a combined treatment of a commercial fungicide program with leaf shredding. Two treatment replicates were applied in a randomized block design in each of two orchards. Scab incidence and severity on fruit and leaves were assessed weekly from green-tip until fruit-set in the following spring. Pooled data from the 3 years revealed that fruit scab incidence and severity and leaf scab severity (51, 55, and 39%, respectively, P < 0.05) and leaf scab incidence (33%, P < 0.1) were significantly lower in the leaf-shredding treatment than in the negative control. This is the first study to evaluate the effect of leaf shredding in reducing scab in South African orchards. Results indicate that this treatment is highly effective and should be integrated into scab management strategies in future, but should be customized to suit South African orchard conditions.

PENGARUH JENIS MULSA DAN PUPUK GANDASIL-B TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsium frustescens L.) PADA TANAH GAMBUT PEDALAMAN (The Effect of Mulch Type and Gandasil-B Fertilizer on The Growth and Yield of Chili Pepper (Capsicum fr

AgriPeat ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Admin Journal
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Black Plastic

                                                                                                                                       ABSTRACTThis research was aimed to investigate the effect of mulch type and gandasil-B fertilizer on the growth and yield of chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) on inland peat soil. The method used in this research was two-factor Randomized Block Design with split plot arrangement and three replications. The main plot was the mulch type which consists of three treatments, namely: control, cogon grass and silver-black plastic mulch, and as sub plot was the dose of gandasil-B which consists of four 4 levels, namely: 0, 1, 2, and 3 g L-1 water. Results showed that the interaction between different types of mulch and gandasil-B fertilizer only had significant effect on the diameter of the stem, the number of productive branch, the number of fruit per plant, and the weight of fruit per plant. The utilization of silver-black plastic mulch and gandasil- B fertilizer at the concentration of 3 g L-1 water showed more number of productive branch (14.00 branches) and number of fruit (151.17 fruits) per plant and the weight of fruit (166.52 g) per plant was significantly higher.Keywords : Mulch, cogon grass, silver-black plastic, Gandasil-B, inland peat soil                                                                                                                                       ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis mulsa dan pupuk gandasil-B terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum fruestescens L.) pada tanah gambut pedalaman. Percobaan ini menggunaakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) disusun secara split plot dengan dua faktor perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama, yaitu jenis mulsa terdiri dari tiga jenis, yaitu : kontrol, mulsa alang-alang dan mulsa plastik hitam perak. Sebagai anak petak adalah dosis pupuk Gandasil-B terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan, yaitu : 0, 1, 2 dan 3 g L-1 air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi penggunaan jenis mulsa dengan pupuk gandasil-B hanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang, jumlah cabang produktif, jumlah buah per tanaman dan berat buah per tanaman. Penggunaan mulsa plastik hitam perak dan pupuk gandasil-B 3 g L-1 air diperoleh jumlah cabang produktif (14.00 cabang) dan jumlah buah (151.17 buah) per tanaman) nyata lebih banyak dan berat buah (166.52 g) per tanaman nyata lebih tinggi.Kata kunci : Mulsa, alang-alang, plastik hitam perak, pupuk gandasil-B, gambut pedalaman

scholarly journals Agronomic and Economic Evaluation of Sequential Spray of Silicon and Fungicides for a Sustainable Soybean Crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Renato Anastácio Guazina ◽  
Rosiane Araujo Rodrigues Nass ◽  
Gustavo De Faria Theodoro ◽  
Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti ◽  
Sofia Michele Muchalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This study was carried out to determine whether the yield of soybean cultivars and the severity of Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) are influenced by foliar spray of silicon exclusively or along with a fungicide mixture, as well as the economic viability of their use for a sustainable crop. The experiment was performed in randomized-block design, five replicates, two soybean cultivars and (2×6) + 2 factorial arrangements: S1 (AlSi at R1 + R4); S2 (AlSi at R1 + R5.1); S3 (AlSi at R1 + FM at R4); S4 (FM at R1 + AlSi at R4); S5 (AlSi at R1 + FM at R5.1); S6 (FM at R1 + AlSi at R5.1); NC and PC (negative and positive control). The economic evaluation and sensitivity analysis were undertaken for Anta 82 RR. There was no interaction effect between the factors, and cultivar CD 2737 had a higher yield. ASR was less severe in CD 2737, and S3 and S5 provided the lowest disease severity. Exclusive spray of aluminum silicate was able to reduce the number of lesions with uredinia, open uredinia and uredinia per lesion. S3 increased grain yield, resulting in higher revenues and a 66.1% gross margin. Sensitivity analysis revealed that S3 was profitable in all scenarios.

scholarly journals Effect of adding fungicide to mixtures of triazoles and strobilurins in the control of downy mildew and Asian soybean rust

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Zuntini ◽  
Rita de Cassia Félix Alvarez ◽  
Gustavo de Faria Theodoro ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Asian Soybean Rust ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Product Effectiveness ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Number Of Seeds

ABSTRACT Fungicides used to control the Asian soybean rust are composed almost entirely of mixtures involving the systemic (triazoles) and meso-systemic (strobilurins) modes of action. However, to control the soybean downy mildew, only protective fungicides are available. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fungicides with different modes of action in the control of downy mildew and Asian soybean rust. A field experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with seven treatments [negative control; difenoconazole at V7 + (azoxystrobin + cyproconazole) at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1; carbendazim and mancozeb at V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + mancozeb in V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + (azoxystrobin + tebuconazole) at R2 and R5.1 + mancozeb at R2 and R5.1; (tebuconazole + carbendazim) at V7 + azoxystrobin + tebuconazole at R2 and R5.1 + mancozeb at R2 and R5.1 + carbendazim at R5.1] and four replicates. The following variables were evaluated: disease severity based on diagrammatic scales, phytotoxicity, product effectiveness, defoliation, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1,000-seed weight and yield. The treatments with mancozeb addition showed to be more efficient in reducing the severity of mildew and Asian soybean rust and defoliation, providing increased seed yields for the crop. For the soybean downy mildew, the treatments with addition of mancozeb to benzimidazole, strobilurins and triazoles were more efficient in reducing the severity and for the control.

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