scholarly journals Arthropod Diversity in the Tea Plantation within Several Years after Pruning in Pagilaran, Central Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizyan Anggra Hidayat ◽  
F. X. Wagiman ◽  
Arman Wijonarko
Keyword(s):  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Arthropod Diversity ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
Plot Area ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

The lush leaves of tea within several years after prune is expected to be followed by arthropod abundance and diversity. The study aimed to evaluate the arthropod abundance, diversity, evenness, and dominance, at the tea plantation within several years after the prune. The study was conducted at Pagilaran tea plantations, Central Java, from April to May 2018, at an altitude of 900 m asl. Arthropod samplings were done in four plots of tea plantation namely 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after pruning, hereafter they are called PY1, PY2, PY3, and PY4.  The plot area was approximately 1 ha. The arthropod specimens were collected using sweep net and pitfall trap every day for 6 consecutive days.  The arthropod identification and calculation were carried out in the Laboratory of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Analysis of variance was applied to determine the effect of PY on the Arthropod abundance. The Shannon Wienner index, the Evenness index, and the Simpson index, were used to evaluate the arthropod diversity, evenness, and dominance, respectively. The results showed that the PY significantly affected the arthropod abundance. The arthropod number collected from PY1 (27 individuals/50 swings) was significantly lower as compared to the other PYs, while arthropod numbers amongst PY2, PY3, and PY4 (53, 93, and 67 individuals/50 swings, respectively) were relatively similar. Out of the total number of 1.432 arthropod specimens, it comprised of 10 orders at which Hemiptera was the highest order (48.04%), and 69 families at which Cicadellidae was the highest family (32.12%). Amongst specimens of Cicadellidae, there was Empoasca sp. which is an important tea pest. The Shannon Wienner index (H) of orders and families ranged from 1.24 to 2.69 indicates moderate arthropod diversity. The Evenness index (e') ranged from 0.57 to 0.91) indicates the arthropod evenly distributed. Meanwhile, the Simpson index (D) ranged 0.10 - 0.39 indicates that there was no dominance of the order or family.

scholarly journals HPLC and high-throughput sequencing revealed differences of tea-leaves quality components and soil microbial community structure between modern and ancient tea plantations in Lincang Region

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangrong Yang ◽  
Dapeng Zhou ◽  
Renyuan Wan ◽  
Conglian Wang ◽  
Jin Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Abstract BackgroundAncient tea plantations with an age over 100 years still reserved at Mengku Town in Lincang Region of Yunan Province, China. However, the characteristic of soil chemicophysical properties and microbial ecosystem in the ancient tea plantations and their impact on tea-leaves chemical components remained unclear. Tea-leaves chemical components including amino acids, phenolic compounds and purine alkaloids, and soil chemicophysical properties including pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic matter (SOM), soil organic carbon (SOC), total total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), available phosphorous (AP) and available potassium (AK), and microbial community structure of modern and ancient tea plantations in five geographic sites (i.e. Bingdao, Baqishan, Banuo, Dongguo and Jiulong) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-throughput sequencing, respectively. ResultsTea-leaves chemical components, soil chemicophysical properties and microbial community structures including bacterial and fungal community abundance and diversity evaluated by Chao 1 and Shannon varied with geographic location and tea plantation type. The ancient tea plantations possessed significantly (P<0.05) higher free amino acids, gallic acid, caffeine and EGC in tea-leaves, as well as soil fertility. The bacterial community structure kept stable, while fungal community abundance and diversity significantly (P<0.05) increased in ancient tea plantation because of higher soil fertility and lower pH. The long-term plantation in natural cultivation way significantly (P<0.05) improved the abundances of Nitrospirota, Methylomirabilota, Ascomycota and Mortierellomycota phyla. ConclusionsDue to the natural cultivation way, the ancient tea plantations still maintained relatively higher soil fertility and complete soil microbial ecosystem, which contributed to the sustainable development with higher quality in tea-leaves.

Assemblage Patterns of Hymenoptera at Different Elevations of Gunung Datuk, Rembau

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Nasuha Abd Aziz ◽  
Siti Khairiyah Mohd Hatta ◽  
Idris Abd Ghani ◽  
Saiyid Jalaluddin Saiyid Shaifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Index Site ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Paired T Test ◽  
Malaise Traps

A study on abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera was conducted in Gunung Datuk, Rembau. Samplings were conducted from November 2014 to February 2015 using six Malaise traps. Three traps were placed at Site 1 at 700m height for high elevation and the remaining traps were placed at Site 2 at 200m height for low elevation. A total number of 221 Hymenopteran were collected which consist of nine families namely Ichneumonidae, Formicidae, Braconidae, Bethylidae, Evaniidae, Tiphiidae, Vespidae, Pompilidae and Apidae. In this study, 93 individuals were obtained from Site 1, comprising nine families and 43 morphospecies while 127 individuals were obtained from Site 2 with nine families and 45 morphospecies. Formicidae was the most dominant family collected from both sites with a total of 104 individuals while the least family recorded was Apidae with only one individual. Shannon’s Weiner Diversity Index (H’) showed Site 1 had the higher diversity value with H’ = 3.17 compared to Site 2 with value H’ = 3.12. For Evenness Index, Site 1 had higher value compared to Site 2 with E’ = 0.84 and E’ = 0.82 respectively. Moreover, for Margalef Richness Index, Site 1 recorded R’ = 9.24 while site two recorded R’ = 9.08 which concluded that Site 1 had higher species richness compared to Site 2. Paired t-test showed that both sites had no significant difference with p>0.05. Overall study showed that the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera in Gunung Datuk were low since the value of H’ is less than 3.50.

Cover Crops Enhance Natural Enemies While Help Suppressing Pests in a Tea Plantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Lin Chen ◽  
Pei Yuan ◽  
Min-Sheng You ◽  
Gabor Pozsgai ◽  
Xu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Vigna Sinensis ◽  
Free Products ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Tea Plantations ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Arthropod Biodiversity ◽  
Sustainable Pest Control

Abstract Tea is an economically important crop, consumed by billions of people. Despite the increasing market for pesticide-free products, the use of pesticide in tea is still high. In order to investigate whether intercropping promotes biological control organisms, Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Pers.) Greene, Indigofera hendecaphylla Jacq., Trifolium repens L., and Vigna sinensis (L.) were separately intercropped with free weeding as control in a tea plantation at Yangli, China. Arthropods were collected by taking sweep-net samples, and treatment effects on assemblages were investigated. The combined species richness of all arthropods and that of parasitoids was significantly increased in intercropped treatments while the species richness of herbivores and predators was only greater in C. rotundifolia and I. hendecaphylla intercropped treatments. Compared with control, the combined abundance of all arthropods, and that of herbivores was lower, while the abundance of parasitoids and its taxa was greater in all intercropped treatments. The abundance of predators and its taxa was greater only in tea plantations intercropped with C. rotundifolia or I. hendecaphylla. Of the herbivores, the abundance of Empoasca onukii Matsuda, Sternorrhyncha, Aleyrodidae, and Pentatomidae was greater in the areas intercropped with C. rotundifolia in comparison with the control, but the abundance of Thysanoptera and Geometridae caterpillars was lower. The recorded increase in the abundance of beneficial arthropods may explain the lower abundance of Thysanoptera or Geometridae caterpillars detected in the intercropped tea plantations. Our results indicate that intercropping has the potential to enhance arthropod biodiversity, and to provide an option for sustainable pest control in tea plantations.

scholarly journals The The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHLUL IKHSAN ◽  
HIDRAYANI ◽  
YAHERWANDI ◽  
HASMIANDY HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract. Ikhsan Z, Hidrayani, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2020. The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1020-1026. Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect orders and it plays a vital role in human life as pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important as agents of biological control of pest. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Samplings were conducted in 3 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang and Reteh, using four trapping techniques (i.e. insect net, malaise trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap). Shannon diversity index (H '), Krebs evenness index (E), and Jaccard similarity index (Is) were calculated. We found 4,701 individuals consisting of 39 families and 319 species of Hymenoptera at the three studied areas. Tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir District had a high species diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and Hymenoptera predators, but a moderate species diversity of Hymenoptera pollinators. Species diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoids and predators were higher in Keritang than in Batang Tuaka and Reteh. The families of Formicidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae had the highest number of species, while Formicidae, Scelionidae, Diapriidae, and Braconidae had the highest number of individuals. Based on these findings, the abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera insects in Indragiri Hilir District have the potentials to be developed as biological agents to control pests on tidal swamp rice in this area.

scholarly journals On the way to continuous cover forest at middle elevations – the question of forest structure and specific site characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bílek ◽  
J. Remeš ◽  
O. Švec ◽  
D. Zahradník
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Gini Index ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Site Characteristics ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Diameter Differentiation

The transformation process of even-aged forest stands to irregular forest stands on waterlogged sites after 20 years effort was analysed. Data from two 1-ha PRP was analysed with special focus on structural (Shannon Evenness Index, Simpson Index and Gini Index) and species (Shannon Evenness Index and Simpson Index) diversity. Different development on study plots confirmed that the highest structural diversity is not often compatible with the concept of species diversity. On PRP 1 high diameter differentiation has led to lower values of species diversity, while on PRP 2 rather moderate diameter differentiation supported higher species diversity in lower DBH classes. The Gini Index was confirmed to be the best indicator for monitoring the diameter differentiation in the course of stand transformation.

scholarly journals Status and trends of terrestrial arthropod abundance and diversity in the North Atlantic region of the Arctic

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. K. Gillespie ◽  
Matthias Alfredsson ◽  
Isabel C. Barrio ◽  
Joseph J. Bowden ◽  
Peter Convey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North Atlantic Region ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Status And Trends ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

Molluscs Diversity in Coastal Ecosystem of South Biak, Papua

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludi Parwadani Aji ◽  
Andriani Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
Evenness Index

Coastal areas of Biak Island consist of three major ecosystems: the mangrove, seagrass beds, and coral reefs where a variety of molluscs live. Mollusc diversity in South Biak waters was investigated in September 2011. The observation was conducted at 4 locations, i.e. Paray, Ambroben, Yenures, and Sorido with 2 stations at each location. The study aimed to obtain information on the diversity and community structure of the benthic molluscs (gastropods and bivalves) on the coastal areas of South Biak waters. Sampling method applied was quadrate-transect line in intertidal areas from inshore to offshore. The molluscs (epifauna and infauna) found inside the quadrate-transect were counted and identified. The result showed high benthic mollusc diversity with a total of 94 species, consisting of 75 species of gastropods and 19 species of bivalves. The most widespread gastropod found in all stations was Nassarius sp., while for bivalves was Tellina sp. The highest value of diversity index (H) was 2.96 found in Paray 1 and the lowest was 0.58 in Yenures 1. The Evenness index (E) and Simpson index (D) ranged from 0.27 to 0.96 and from 0.06 to 0.72 respectively. Species richness (d) ranged from 2.89 to 6.84 and similarity index from 3.90 to 42.40.  

The influence of mistletoes on the litter-layer arthropod abundance and diversity in a semi-arid savanna, Southwest Zimbabwe

2014 ◽  
Vol 383 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilton G. T. Ndagurwa ◽  
John S. Dube ◽  
Donald Mlambo ◽  
Mukai Mawanza
Keyword(s):  
Litter Layer ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Arthropod Abundance

scholarly journals Perencanaan PLTS Rooftop untuk Kawasan Pabrik Teh PT Pagilaran Batang

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD SULTHON NOVERA REGA ◽  
NAZARUDDIN SINAGA ◽  
JAKA WINDARTA
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Tea Production

ABSTRAKKawasan perkebunan teh PT Pagilaran Batang, Jawa Tengah memiliki nilai radiasi rata-rata 5,30 kWh/m2/hari sepanjang tahun 2019 dan rata-rata 4,66 kWh/m2/hari dalam rentang 1997-2019. Konsumsi beban listrik PT Pagilaran secara keseluruhan adalah sebesar 2.853.919,89 kWh/tahun. Khusus untuk konsumsi beban listrik pabrik produksi dan pengolahan adalah sebesar 657.104,90 kWh/tahun dengan sumber listrik konvensional PLN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain dan mengetahui unjuk kerja potensi energi listrik yang dapat dihasilkan PLTS rooftop menggunakan simulasi HelioScope sebagai rekomendasi penggunaan energi terbarukan. Dari hasil simulasi diperoleh potensi energi listrik yang dapat dihasilkan oleh PLTS rooftop adalah 629.840,80 kWh/tahun yang dapat memenuhi 95,85% kebutuhan beban listrik untuk pabrik produksi dan pengolahan teh dengan rasio kinerja sebesar 77,5%.Kata kunci: HelioScope, Photovoltaic, PLTS Rooftop, Rasio Kinerja, Tenaga Surya ABSTRACTThe tea plantation area of PT Pagilaran Batang, Central Java has an average radiation value of 5.30 kWh/m2/day throughout 2019 and an average of 4.66 kWh/m2/day in the span of 1997-2019. The electrical load consumption of PT Pagilaran is 2,853,919.89 kWh/year. Specifically for the electrical load consumption in the tea production and processing plants is 657,104.90 kWh/year with conventional electricity source from PLN. This study aims to design and determine the potential solar rooftop performance assessment of electrical energy that could be generated using the HelioScope simulation as the recommendation for applying renewable energy. Based on the simulation result, the potential of electrical energy that can be generated by PLTS rooftop is 629,840.80 kWh/year which could meet 95.85% of the electrical load consumption for the tea production and processing plants with performance ratio of 77.5%.Keywords: HelioScope, Photovoltaic, Solar Rooftop, Performance Ratio, Solar Power

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