scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI FUSARIUM DAN NEMATODA PARASITIK YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN PENYAKIT KUNING LADA DI KALIMANTAN BARAT (FUSARIUM IDENTIFICATION AND PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODE ASSOCIATED WITH PEPPER YELLOWING DISEASE IN WEST KALIMANTAN)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Bambang Hadisutrisno ◽  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Jaka Widada
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Diseased Plant ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Pepper (Piper nigrum), known as the “King of Spices” is one of the most important spices. In the international market, Indonesian pepper has high selling value, due to its flavor characteristics. Pepper yellowing disease is one of the most important disease that caused the decrease of pepper production and become the main problem in the cultivation of pepper in West Kalimantan. This research was conducted to determine the major causal agent of leaf yellowing disease of pepper. The Fusarium associated with diseased plant were isolated from the symptomatic plant and nematodes were isolated from the root with leaf yellowing symptom. The Fusarium isolates were cultured on agar medium, and the nematode was cultured on tomato plant. From diseased pepper in West Kalimantan, it was isolated 4 Fusarium isolates and plant parasitic nematode Meloidogyne. The result showed that H isolate of Fusarium was the most virulent isolate and identified asFusarium solani. The Meloidogyne was identified by the female perenial patern.The nematode was identified as Meloidogyne incognita.Keywords: Fusarium solani, Meloidogyne incognita, pepper yellowing diseaseLada (Piper nigrum L.) merupakan salah satu jenis rempah penting yang telah dikenal sebagai “King of Spices”. Di pasar internasional, lada Indonesia mempunyai daya jual tinggi karena cita rasanya yang khas. Salah satu kendaladalam budidaya lada adalah adanya penyakit kuning lada dan sampai saat ini menjadi masalah utama pada pertanaman lada di Kalimantan Barat. Informasi tentang patogen utama yang berinteraksi dengan penyakit kuning lada masih sangat terbatas, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi patogen utama yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit kuning lada. Isolasi Fusarium dilakukan dari batang lada dan isolasi nematoda dilakukan dari akar lada yang bergejalapenyakit kuning di Kalimantan Barat. Fusarium hasil isolasi dikulturkan dalam medium agar, sedangkan nematoda hasil isolasi dikulturkan dalam akar tomat. Dari hasil isolasi berhasil didapatkan empat isolat Fusarium dan nematodaMeloidogyne. Identifikasi Fusarium dilakukan secara morfologis dan molekuler, dan identifikasi Meloidogyne dilakukan dengan menggunakan irisan bagian posterior nematoda betina. Dari hasil identifikasi diketahui bahwa patogenyang berasosiasi dengan penyakit kuning lada adalah Fusarium solani dan Meloidogyne incognita.Kata kunci: Fusarium solani, Meloidogyne incognita, penyakit kuning lada

scholarly journals Interaksi Meloidogyne incognita dan Fusarium solani pada Penyakit Kuning Lada

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryanti Suryanti ◽  
Bambang Hadisutrisno ◽  
Mulyadi Mulyadi ◽  
Jaka Widada
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Leaf Yellowing ◽  
Yellowing Disease ◽  
Screen House ◽  
Important Disease

Pepper yellowing disease is one of the most important disease of pepper causing the decrease of pepper production. This research was conducted in the screen house and laboratory to determine the major causal agent of leaf yellowing disease of pepper. Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium solani were isolated from pepper plantation in West Kalimantan. Pepper seedlings Natar 1 cultivars were planted in sterilized soil collected from pepper plantation in Bengkayang, West Kalimantan. Five months-old seedling were inoculated with M. incognita (1000 larvae of 2nd stadium/plant) and F. solani (50 ml of spore suspension with spore density of 106 spore/ml) in several combinations of time inoculation, i.e., F. solani  and then M. incognita, M. incognita and then F. solani, M. incognita together with F. solani, M. incognita only, and F. solani only. The parameters observed were the development of leaf yellowing disease every weeks for five months. The number of gall, and population M. incognita were observed at the end of the observation. The result showed that when M. incognita was inoculated  to the roots followed by F. solani, the disease severity and the percentage of plant diseases were higher than those which were infected with F. solani or M. incognita alone. The higher population densities of M. incognita and a number of root gall, had observed on plants inoculated by M. incognita combined with F. solani than plants inoculated by M. incognita and F. solani alone. Interaction between M. incognita and F. solani as caused of leaf yellowing disease of pepper was synergistic reaction. IntisariPenyakit kuning lada merupakan salah satu penyakit penting pada lada yang mengakibatkan terjadinya penurunan produksi lada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Meloidogyne incognita dan Fusarium solani sebagai penyebab penyakit kuning lada. Penelitian yang dilakukan rumah kasa dan laboratorium. Meloidogyne incognita dan Fusarium solani diisolasi dari pertanaman lada di Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan bibit lada kultivar Natar 1 berumur 5 bulan, dan diinokulasi dengan M. incognita sebanyak 1000 larva stadium 2 dan 50 ml suspensi mikrokonidium F. solani dengan kerapatan 106/ml. Perkembangan gejala penyakit diamati setiap minggu selama 5 bulan, dan pada akhir pengamatan dilakukan penghitungan jumlah puru dan populasi M. incognita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa apabila M. incognita menginfeksi akar dan selanjutnya diikuti dengan infeksi oleh F. solani, tingkat keparahan penyakit dan persentase tanaman sakit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan infeksi oleh F. solani atau M. incognita secara terpisah. Populasi M. incognita dan jumlah puru akar pada tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan M. incognita bersama-sama dengan F. solani lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada tanaman yang diinokulasi dengan M. incognita atau F. solani secara terpisah. Interaksi antara M. incognita dan F. solani dalam menyebabkan penyakit kuning lada adalah bersifat sinergis.

scholarly journals The role of Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determination homologs, Mi-sdc-1 and Mi-tra-1 in Meloidogyne incognita

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Baniya ◽  
Soumi Joseph ◽  
Larry Duncan ◽  
William Crow ◽  
Tesfamariam Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Plant Parasitic

AbstractSex determination is a key developmental event in all organisms. The pathway that regulates sexual fate has been well characterized at the molecular level in the model free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This study aims to gain a preliminary understanding of sex-determining pathways in a plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and the extent to which the roles of the sex determination genes are conserved in a hermaphrodite species, C. elegans, and plant-parasitic nematode species, M. incognita. In this study, we targeted two sex-determining orthologues, sdc-1 and tra-1 from M. incognita using RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi was performed by soaking second-stage juveniles of M. incognita in a solution containing dsRNA of either Mi-tra-1or Mi-sdc-1 or both. To determine the effect of RNAi of the target genes, the juveniles treated with the dsRNA were inoculated onto a susceptible cultivar of cowpea grown in a nutrient pouch at 28 °C for 5 weeks. The development of the nematodes was analyzed at different time points during the growth period and compared to untreated controls. Our results showed that neither Mi-sdc-1 nor Mi-tra-1 have a significant role in regulating sexual fate in M. incognita. However, the silencing of Mi-sdc-1 significantly delayed maturity to adult females but did not affect egg production in mature females. In contrast, the downregulation of Mi-tra-1 transcript resulted in a significant reduction in egg production in both single and combinatorial RNAi-treated nematodes. Our results indicate that M. incognita may have adopted a divergent function for Mi-sdc-1 and Mi-tra-1distinct from Caenorhabditis spp. However, Mi-tra-1 might have an essential role in female fecundity in M. incognita and is a promising dsRNA target for root-knot nematode (RKN) management using host-delivered RNAi.

Gene copy number variations as signatures of adaptive evolution in the parthenogenetic, plant‐parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 2559-2572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Castagnone‐Sereno ◽  
Karine Mulet ◽  
Etienne G. J. Danchin ◽  
Georgios D. Koutsovoulos ◽  
Mégane Karaulic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Gene Copy Number ◽  
Copy Number Variations ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Identification and analysis of a cuticular collagen-encoding gene from the plant-parasitic nematode meloidogyne incognita

Gene ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
Walter Van der Eycken ◽  
Janice de Almeida Engler ◽  
Marc Van Montagu ◽  
Godelieve Gheysen
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Triphasic locomotor response of a plant-parasitic nematode to avermectin: inhibition by the GABA antagonists bicuculline and picrotoxin

Parasitology ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Wright ◽  
A. J. Birtle ◽  
I. T. J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Locomotor Response ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
Gaba Antagonists ◽  
Plant Parasitic

SUMMARYThe response of the plant parasitic nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (J2 stage) to avermectin B2a-23-one is triphasic, comprising an initial loss of locomotor activity where the juveniles remain sensitive to touch, a recovery phase and a final loss of activity where the juveniles are relatively insensitive to touch. In contrast, the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, oxamyl, causes initial hyperactivity of juveniles followed by a progressive decline in movement. The addition of bicuculline and to a lesser extent picrotoxin, both antagonists of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), blocks the action of avermectin on M. incognita.

Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Eisenback
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Growth Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Abstract Introduction: The root knot nematode species, M. incognita, is the most widespread and probably the most serious plant parasitic nematode pest of tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world (Sasser, 1979). It occurs as a pest on a very wide range of crops. Most estimates of yield loss come from the use of nematicides and it should be noted that these can possibly cause other beneficial growth effects.

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