scholarly journals SIMULASI DAMPAK PENCEMARAN UDARA KARBON MONOKSIDA DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA AKIBAT EMISIS KENDARAAN BERMOTOR (Simulation of Carbon Monoxide Pollution Effect in Yogyakarta City Caused by The Emission of Motor Vehicles)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Taufik Abdillah Natsir ◽  
Yudith Windrianto P ◽  
Retno Susetyaningsih ◽  
Kris Setyanto ◽  
Rita Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Pollution Effect ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Yogyakarta City

ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian terkait simulasi dampak pencemaran udara di Kota Yogyakarta akibat dari emisi kendaraan bermotor dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak AERMOD dan visualisasi hasil dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak SURFER 9. AERMOD merupakan perangkat lunak yang dikembangkan oleh US-EPA dan merupakan perangkat lunak yang direkomendasikan oleh US-EPA untuk memprakirakan dampak polutan udara. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 ruas jalan kota Yogyakarta, yaitu jalan Cik Di Tiro, jalan Prof. Herman Yohanes, jalan Colombo, dan jalan Jendral Sudirman dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2015. Data iklim diperoleh dari Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Parameter yang diukur adalah karbon monoksida (CO) dan jumlah kendaraan yang lewat di lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi tertinggi CO pada bulan Januari 2015 berada pada rentang antara 5.500 – 8.000 mg/m3 (4,46–6,49 ppm) berada di jalan Cik Di Tiro. Hasil simulasi selama 10 tahun menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2025, konsentrasi CO tertinggi hingga mencapai ± 16.000 mg/m3 (16 ppm) dan berada di jalan Cik Di Tiro.ABSTRACTA research of the simulation of air pollution effect in Yogyakarta city caused by the emission of motor vehicles had been conducted by using the AERMOD software, and the result was visualized by using SURFER 9. AERMOD was a software which was developed and is recommended by US-EPA to predict air pollution. The research was conducted on January 2015 in 4 locations in Yogyakarta city, which were Cik Di Tiro Road, Prof. Herman Yohanes Road, Colomobo Road, and Sudirman Road. Climatology data was obtained from the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) of the Special Province of Yogyakarta. Parameters which were measured in this research were carbon monoxide (CO) and traffic counting. The result showed that the highest concentration of CO on January 2015 was 5,500–8,000 mg/m3 (4.46–6.49 ppm) located in Cik Di Tiro Road. The result of air pollution simulation for ten years showed that in 2025, the highest concentration of CO would be approximately ± 16,000 mg/m3 (16 ppm), located in Cik Di Tiro Road.

scholarly journals Analisis Pencemaran Udara Akibat Kepadatan Jalan Lalu Lintas di Kota Padang (Studi Kasus: Karbon Monoksida di Jalan Prof.Dr.Hamka, Jalan Khatib Sulaiman, dan Jalan Rasuna Said)

JURNAL BUANA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 569
Author(s):  
Putri Ines Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Standard Index ◽  
Total Vehicle ◽  
Road Width ◽  
Co Gas

ANALISIS PENCEMARAN UDARA AKIBAT KEPADATAN JALAN LALU LINTAS DI KOTA PADANG (Studi Kasus: Karbon Monoksida di Jalan Prof Dr Hamka, Jalan Khatib Sulaiman, dan Jalan Rasuna Said) Putri Ines Wijaya1 , Triyatno2, Febriandi3 Program Studi Geografi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial, Universitas Negeri Padang Email : [email protected] ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui kepadatan kendaraan bermotor Jalan Prof. Dr. Hamka, Jalan Khatib Sulaiman, dan Jalan Rasuna Said, Kota Padang, (2) mengetahui volume karbon monoksida (CO) yang dilepaskan kendaraan bermotor yang diakibatkan oleh kepadatan Jalan Prof. Dr. Hamka, Jalan Khatib Sulaiman, dan Jalan Rasuna Said, Kota Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer untuk melihat volume kendaraan, kadar karbon monoksida (CO), dan meteorologi. Data yang diperoleh di lapangan diolah dengan menggunakan rumus dari Interval untuk jumlah kendaraan, rumus ISPU (Indeks Standar Pencemaran Udara) untuk karbon monoksida (CO) di udara. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa, (1) kepadatan tertinggi terjadi di ruas Jalan Khatib Sulaiman dihari Senin total jumlah kendaraan 13125 unit kendaraan dengan lebar ruas jalan 3,50 meter. Kepadatan terendah di hari Sabtu di ruas Jalan Khatib Sulaiman total jumlah kendaraan 3826 unit kendaraan (2) konsentrasi gas CO tertinggi di Jalan Prof. Dr. Hamka sebesar 160,66 mg/m3 kategori udara tidak sehat, sedangkan konsentrasi terendah di Jalan Rasuna Said sebesar 26,67 mg/m3 kategori udara belum tercemar. Kata kunci : kepadatan lalu lintas, pencemaran udara, karbon monoksida (CO) ABSTRACT His study aims to: (1) know the density of motor vehicles Road Prof. Dr. Hamka, Jalan Khatib Sulaiman, and Jalan Rasuna Said, Kota Padang, (2) to know the volume of carbon monoxide (CO) released by motor vehicles caused by the density of Prof. Roads. Dr. Hamka, Jalan Khatib Sulaiman, and Jalan Rasuna Said, Padang City. The type of this research is descriptive quantitative by using primary data to see vehicle volume, carbon monoxide (CO), and meteorology. The data obtained in the field is processed using the formula of the Interval for the number of vehicles, the formula of the ISPU (Air Pollution Standard Index) for carbon monoxide (CO) in the air. The results found that, (1) the highest density occurred in Jalan Khatib Sulaiman Street on Monday total vehicle number 13125 units of vehicles with road width of 3.50 meters. The lowest density on Saturdays in Jalan Khatib Sulaiman total number of vehicles of 3826 units of vehicles (2) the highest CO gas concentration on Jalan Prof. Dr. Hamka of 160.66 mg/m3 unhealthy air category, while the lowest concentration in Jalan Rasuna Said of 26.67 mg/m3 air category has not been contaminated. Keywords: traffic density, air pollution, carbon monoxide (CO)

scholarly journals Air pollution as the cause of urban stress. A case study: Nemanjica Boulevard, Nis, Serbia

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-412
Author(s):  
Milos Petrovic ◽  
Slavisa Trajkovic
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Boundary Values ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Healthy Functioning ◽  
Code Book ◽  
Urban Stress

Topic of this paper is air pollution as a cause of urban stress. This problem is analyzed within a case study in Bulevar Nemanjica in Nis. For the observed location, the measurements were conducted in a period of eight months (May 2007 - June 2007) by the Health Protection Institute in Nis. Motor traffic exhaust gases which were observed were: carbon-monoxide (CO), nitro-oxide (Nox) formaldehyde (HCHO). Measurements were taken at "Bulevar" green market, b standard methodology prescribed by the boundary values code book, immision measurement method, criteria for creation of measuring points and data records. Concentration of exhaust gases of motor vehicles did not exceed permissible limits, except carbon monoxide in May, while it continued to decrease and remained within the legal limits. If the Mediana - Bulevar Nemanjica location was enriched by green surface and pedestrian zones, this would lead to the decrease of exhaust gases concentration. That would prevent endangering environment and facilitate its healthy functioning.

scholarly journals The Effects of Motor Vehicle Emissions on the Environment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Simav ◽  
Banu Dokuzeylül ◽  
Mehmet Erman Or
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Catalytic Converter ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
Living Things

The pollutants emitted in the surroundings of motor vehicle exhausts vary according to the type of engine cycle, the use of fuel and the use of catalytic converters. Harmful compounds emitted from internal combustion engine exhaust (IYM) exhausts; HC Hydro Carbon, CO Carbon Monoxide, NOx Nitrogen Oxides and Particulate substances. Without the Catalytic Converter, the pollutant value of a motor vehicle operating with the Otto cycle and using gasoline is the highest. Diesel Motor Vehicles, which work with the Diesel cycle later, are the cleanest of these vehicles, which use the Otto cycle and use LPG. It is estimated that more than half of the polluters that lead to air pollution in large cities come from exhausts of motor vehicles. HC Hydrocarbons cause cancers in living things, CO poisoning carbon monoxide living things, causing deaths in case of excessive respiration. NOx Nitrogen Oxides disrupt the balance of nature as acid rain. CO2, which is thought to cause less damage, causes greenhouse effect in the atmosphere, causing the climate to change and the average temperature to increase. This study is to examine the effects of air pollution caused by exhaust gases on domestic pets, plant cover and water and other environment in the city.

Ambient Air Pollution: Respiratory Hazards to Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1210-1213
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Clean Air Act ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Clean Air

Levels of many outdoor air pollutants decreased substantially after the passage of the Clean Air Act of 1970; however, levels of ozone, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter are still high enough to present hazards to children. Failure to meet the federal standards for these pollutants was a major force driving the adoption of the revised Clean Air Act of 1990. In addition, recent research indicates that acidic aerosols, for which there are no health-based standards, may be associated with adverse respiratory effects. As an ambient air pollutant, ozone is formed by the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons (both of which are emitted by motor vehicles and industrial sources). Ozone levels therefore tend to be highest on warm, sunny days, which are conducive to outdoor activities. In many areas ozone concentrations peak in the midafternoon, when children are likely to be playing outside. It is important to distinguish ground-level ozone air pollution from stratospheric ozone depletion by chlorofluorocarbons. These issues are unrelated. Carbon monoxide, a product of incomplete combustion, is emitted mainly from cars and other mobile sources. Airborne particulate matter is a variable and complex mixture of natural materials and substances released from numerous industries, motor vehicles, residential wood burning, construction and demolition, and other sources. Acidic aerosols are traceable mainly to combustion of sulfur-containing fossil fuels and to reactions of photochemical free radicals with nitrogen dioxide. Exposure to ambient air pollution in North America has been clearly associated with acute and subacute effects in epidemiologic investigations and in controlled exposure studies in environmental chambers.

Environmental and Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution in Oil-Producing and Oil-Refining Areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Population Health Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rahmatullin ◽  
E.G. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Total Suspended Particles

Introduction. High density of oil-producing and refining facilities in certain areas of Bashkortostan significantly affects the environment including ambient air quality in residential areas. Materials and methods. We analyzed concentrations of airborne toxicants (sulfur and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylenes, toluene, phenol and total suspended particles) and population health status in the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Blagoveshchensk, and the Tuymazinsky District in 2007–2016. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to establish possible relationships between medico-demographic indicators and air pollution. Results. Republican fuel and energy enterprises contributed the most to local air pollution levels. Gross emissions from such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil reached 43.69–49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The levels of some air pollutants exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, total suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide were registered most frequently. High rates of congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases in infants (aged 0-1), general mortality and morbidity of the population were observed in some oil-producing and refining areas. The correlation analysis proved the relationship between the concentration of carbon monoxide and general disease rates in adults based on hospital admissions (r = 0.898), general incidence rates in children (r = 0.957), and blood disease rates in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases in children correlated with nitrogen dioxide emission levels (r = 0.899). Conclusions. Further development of oil-producing, petrochemical and oil-refining industries should be carried out taking into account socio-economic living conditions of the population.

scholarly journals Exhaled carbon monoxide: a non-invasive biomarker of short-term exposure to outdoor air pollution

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herve Lawin ◽  
Lucie Ayi Fanou ◽  
Vikkey Hinson ◽  
Jacqueline Wanjiku ◽  
N. Kingsley Ukwaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Outdoor Air Pollution ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide

scholarly journals GEOECOLOGICAL MAPPING OF THE PUROVSK AREA IN YAMAL-NENETS AUTONOMOUS REGION

2016 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
N. L. Mamaeva ◽  
S. A. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

In the article there were calculated near-surface concentrations of pollutants in the atmospheric air of Purovsk area, Jamal-Nenets Autonomous region. The purpose was to compare these with the maximum permissible concentration. The geo-ecological maps of dispersion of substances emissions into the air were made up using the unified program for calculating the air pollution taking into account the technical characteristics of sources and emissions themselves, natural, especially climate, conditions, as well as protection urban development activities and the lay of land. The conclusions were made about the excess in the atmosphere of maximum permissible concentration of solids on carbon monoxide in Purovsk, and on nitrogen dioxide in Purovsk, as well as in Ust-Purovsk Tazovskaya Guba permafrost areas.

scholarly journals Developing codes for validation of PM10, PM2.5, and O3 datasets using R programming language

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Nabizadeh ◽  
Mostafa Hadei
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Data Handling ◽  
R Programming Language ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
R Programming ◽  
Pm 10

Introduction: The wide range of studies on air pollution requires accurate and reliable datasets. However, due to many reasons, the measured concentra-tions may be incomplete or biased. The development of an easy-to-use and reproducible exposure assessment method is required for researchers. There-fore, in this article, we describe and present a series of codes written in R Programming Language for data handling, validating and averaging of PM10, PM2.5, and O3 datasets.   Findings: These codes can be used in any types of air pollution studies that seek for PM and ozone concentrations that are indicator of real concentra-tions. We used and combined criteria from several guidelines proposed by US EPA and APHEKOM project to obtain an acceptable methodology. Separate   .csv files for PM 10, PM 2.5 and O3 should be prepared as input file. After the file was imported to the R Programming software, first, negative and zero values of concentrations within all the dataset will be removed. Then, only monitors will be selected that have at least 75% of hourly concentrations. Then, 24-h averages and daily maximum of 8-h moving averages will be calculated for PM and ozone, respectively. For output, the codes create two different sets of data. One contains the hourly concentrations of the interest pollutant (PM10, PM2.5, or O3) in valid stations and their average at city level. Another is the   final 24-h averages of city for PM10 and PM2.5 or the final daily maximum 8-h averages of city for O3. Conclusion: These validated codes use a reliable and valid methodology, and eliminate the possibility of wrong or mistaken data handling and averaging. The use of these codes are free and without any limitation, only after the cita-tion to this article.

scholarly journals Status of Air Pollution Regulations Affecting Gas Turbines in 80 Nations

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Ketterer ◽  
N. R. Dibelius
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Ground Level Concentration ◽  
Pollution Emissions ◽  
Air Pollution Emissions

This paper summarizes regulations from 80 countries covering air pollution emissions from gas turbines. The paper includes emission and ground level concentration standards for particulates, sulfur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, visible emissions, and carbon monoxide.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document