scholarly journals Hubungan Asupan Cairan Ibu Hamil terhadap Indeks Cairan Amnion

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Eny Fatmawati ◽  
Diah Rumekti Hadiati ◽  
Heru Pradjatmo
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
External Variables ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Adequate amniotic fluid volume is a requirement for intra uterine fetal development and good pregnancy outputs / neonatal. Adequate intake of fluid in pregnant women can increase both the amniotic fluid index on oligohydramniotic or normoamniotic, but the scientific basis for the adequacy of the recommended daily fluid have not clear yet. Furthermore, the fluid intake counseling in addition to nutrition for pregnant women is neededObjective: To determine the fluid intake in pregnant women and the mean difference of  amniotic fluid index on adequate fluid intake compared to less fluid intake.Methods: This research used prospective observational cohort study, conducted against the third semester pregnant women in Puskesmas Mergangsan and Tegalrejo Yogyakarta during July until September 2014. The subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into adequate and less fluid intake groups. The correlation between fluid intake and amniotic fluid index was analyzed using t-test and linear regression.Result and Discussion: The total subjects who met the criteria were 27 people, consist of 12 people in adequate fluid intake group and 15 people in less fluid intake group. The mean of subject’s fluid intake 2078 ml (enough), while the mean of amniotic fluid index (AFI) 12,76 cm (normoamniotic).The result showed that there was a significant difference (3,50 cm (IK 95%; 1,5-5,48); P < 0,05) between the mean of AFI from adequate fluid intake group compared to less fluid intake group . Simple linear regression test showed the effect of fluid intake for AFI namely 31,7%; with the amount of predicted AFI = 10,686 + 3,545 x fluid intake – 1,015 x age – 1,317 x education + 0,314 x occupation (ARS= 44,5%). External variables (age, education, and occupation) had no significant effect for AFI .Conclusion : The mean preview of fluid intake in the third semester pregnant women in Yogyakarta was adequate. Moreover, there was a AFI signifficant difference between adequate fluid intake compared to less fluid intake.  Keywords: fluid intake; amniotic fluid index; AFI

scholarly journals Correction with oral hydration improves maternal and perinatal outcome in women with third trimester isolated oligohydramnios

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Pragati Aggarwal ◽  
Sharda Patra
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Oral Hydration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
The Mean

Background: Oligohydramnios is related to serious maternal and fetal complications. In case of isolated oligohydramnios in third trimester maternal oral hydration has shown promising results in improving maternal and perinatal outcome.Methods: This study was conducted on 50 pregnant women complicated by idiopathic oligohydramnios (AFI<5) in third trimester. Their pre hydration daily fluid intake was noted and they were advised to take oral fluids more than their usual intake (according to their convenience). The daily fluid intake and AFI was measured on day1, day2, day3 then weekly till delivery. At delivery maternal and fetal outcome were measured.Results: The mean AFI of the study population at the time of enrolment was 4.25±1.01 and daily mean fluid intake was 1.46±0.41. The post hydration fluid intake per day was significantly high as compared to pre hydration fluid intake (4.40±0.51 litres vs 1.46±0.41 litres, p<0.001). A significant difference in the amniotic fluid index was seen post hydration. The mean AFI on day 1, day 2, day 3 was 6.19±0.93, 7.33±1.13, 8.0±1.07 as compared to pre hydration AFI 4.25±1.01 (p<0.001). The amniotic fluid index post hydration normalized (AFI>8) in 6%, 30%, 61% and 100% of women on day1, day2, day3 and after a week. The perinatal outcome was favourable in all the women with 100% live births and a mean birth weight of 2.77±0.29 kg.Conclusions: A simple correction of maternal dehydration by an adequate and sustained daily oral fluid intake in pregnancies complicated by isolated third oligohydramnios in third trimester significantly improves amniotic fluid index, maternal outcome and perinatal outcome. 

scholarly journals Comparison of Salivary Alpha-Amylase, Sialic Acid, and pH in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Shirzaiy ◽  
Zohreh Dalirsani
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives During pregnancy, systemic physiological alterations lead to some changes in the oral cavity, which could prepare the mouth environment for oral and dental problems. This study was aimed to investigate salivary α-amylase, sialic acid levels, and pH levels in pregnant and nonpregnant females. Materials and Methods In this analytical, case–control study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected with spiting method from 35 pregnant women (case group) and 35 nonpregnant women (control group) and transferred to the laboratory to assess salivary α-amylase, sialic acid, and pH levels. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version: 19) software through statistical methods of independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results The mean sialic acid levels were 2.285 ± 1.230 mg/dL in pregnant and 2.744 ± 1.326 in nonpregnant women without any significant difference (p = 0.138). The mean salivary α-amylase concentrations were 2.461 ± 1.869 U/L and 2.439 ± 2.058 U/L, respectively, in pregnant and nonpregnant women, with no significant difference (p = 0.963).The mean salivary pH in nonpregnant women was significantly more than that in pregnant women (7.845 ± 0.430 and 6.868 ± 0.413, respectively) (p < 0.001). Also, the mean salivary pH levels in pregnant women were 7.474 ± 0.420 in the first trimester, 6.868 ± 0.413 in the second trimester, and 6.568 ± 0.387 in the third trimester, which were significantly different (p < 0.001). Conclusion Salivary sialic acid and α-amylase levels among pregnant women were no different from those of other subjects. During pregnancy, the salivary pH significantly reduced, and the mean salivary pH during pregnancy had a decreasing trend from the first trimester to the third trimester.

scholarly journals The Influence of Fasting in Summer on Amniotic Fluid During Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Altunkeser ◽  
Muslu Kazım Körez
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Ramadan is a holy month in which eating and drinking are forbidden from dawn to sunset. In this study, we investigated using ultrasonography (USG) whether fasting in summer (as occurred in Ramadan 2014) had an influence on the volume of amniotic fluid during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The study included 119 pregnant women in total who were admitted to our department with a request of obstetric USG between June 28, 2014, and July 27, 2014. The fasting group included 61 pregnant women and the control group of 58 pregnant women. In our study, all the fasting pregnant women had Sahur (predawn meal eaten before starting fasting) and Iftar (the evening meal for fast-breaking) every day, regularly. The women in the control group did not fast. In addition to amniotic fluid index and fetal biometric measurements during Ramadan, amniotic fluid volume was measured ultrasonographically throughout pregnancy. All ultrasound examinations were performed at least 8 h after Sahur during Ramadan. Chi-square test was utilized to compare the measurements of amniotic fluid volume, and Mann–Whitney U-test was utilized to analyze the differences in fetal growth data. Moreover, difference was considered statistically significant when the P value was <0.05. Results: The mean age was 25.7 years in the fasting group and 25.8 years in the control group. Other characteristics and mean gestational weeks of the two groups were similar. Ultrasonographically, there was no significant difference between two groups in respect to amniotic fluid amount during pregnancy (P = 0.7). There was no significant difference with regard to fetal growth parameters either (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In pregnant women who had regular predawn and fast-breaking meals, fasting in summer did not elicit alteration in the amount of amniotic fluid throughout pregnancy.

Assessment of iodofolic supplementation on thyroid function in pregnant women with iodine sufficient status and their infants in Birjand

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Rezaei ◽  
Naeemeh Ataei ◽  
Asghar Zarban ◽  
Nahid Mobasher ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serum Tsh

Background: Maintaining iodine at sufficient levels is necessary throughout the pregnancy to prevent adverse outcomes in infants. This study aimed to assess iodofolic supplementation's impact on thyroid function in women at the end of the third trimesters of gestation. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 130 pregnant women in the Birjand, east of Iran, during the period from August 2017 to February 2019. We assessed iodofolic supplementation effect in the women at the first trimesters of gestation and followed them at the end of the third trimesters and also their infants on days 3-5. Serum samples were obtained from women and infants for measuring levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was also determined at the end of the third trimester. Results: The median serum TSH concentration in the folic acid consumed group (3.26 ± 1.91) did not significantly differ from another group (2.98 ± 1.41), (p = 0.68). There is also no considerable difference in the mean serum TSH concentration between infants born from mothers who consumed folic acid in the first trimester of pregnancy and another group (p = 0.50). The TSH concentration in all infants was below 5 µM/L. The significant difference in the mean of UIC was also not observed between pregnant women in the folic acid consumed group (188.02 ± 105.38) and iodofolic consumed group (225.77 ± 130.26), (p = 0.13). Conclusion: Iodine intake in our study was sufficient according to the WHO recommendation and idofolic supplementation was not emphasized.

scholarly journals Publication activity of chief and consultant general/visceral surgeons in German university hospitals—a ten-year analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva C. Böckmann ◽  
E. S. Debus ◽  
R. T. Grundmann
Keyword(s):  
Impact Factor ◽  
Publication Activity ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
University Departments ◽  
The Third ◽  
Publication Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Publications

Abstract Purpose The publication activity of 38 German general/visceral surgery university departments, documented by first or last authorship from staff surgeons (chief and consultants), was evaluated. Methods The observation period extended from 2007 to 2017 and all PubMed-listed publications were considered. Impact factor (IF) was evaluated through the publishing journal’s 5-year IF in 2016, as was the IF for each individual publication. Ranking was expressed in quartiles. Results The staff surgeons of the 38 departments comprised 442 surgeons, of which only 351 (79.4%) were active as first or last authors. Four thousand six hundred and ninety-nine publications published in 702 journals were recorded. The four leading departments in publication number published as much as the last 20 departments (1330 vs. 1336 publications, respectively). The mean of the first (most active) department quartile was 19.6 publications, the second 15.4, the third 11.0, and the last quartile 7.6 per publishing surgeon. The total cumulative impact factor was 14,130. When examining the mean number of publications per publishing surgeons per the 10 year period, the mean of the first quartile was 57.9 cumulative IF, the second 45.0, the third 29.5, and the fourth quartile 17.1. With 352 (7.5%) publications, the most frequently used journal was Chirurg, followed by Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery with 274 (5.8%) publications. Pancreas-related topics led in terms of publication number and IF generated per individual publication. Conclusion A significant difference in publication performance of individual departments was apparent that cannot be explained by staff number. This indicates that there are as yet unknown factors responsible for minor publication activity in many university departments.

The influence of nutrition on egg-production and longevity in unmated female body-lice (Pediculus humanus corporis: Anoplura)

Parasitology ◽  
1941 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Haddow
Keyword(s):  
Female Body ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
The Body ◽  
Unmated Female ◽  
Pediculus Humanus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Body Lice

1. Isolated unmated female body-lice were worn in pillboxes between the skin and the clothes. They were kept constantly on the body but, by a simple device, groups of ten were permitted feeding periods of different length. These groups were fed for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hr. per day respectively. Another group of ten were never allowed to feed after the last moult.2. Some of the figures for egg yield were high. Lice in the 24 hr. group were able to maintain a rate of ten eggs per day for 4−5 days at a time.3. No significant difference in longevity or rate of egg-laying was found to exist between the 12, 16, 20 and 24 hr. groups nor between the 4 and 8 hr. groups but a pronounced and significant difference exists between the 8 and 12 hr. groups. Below 12 hr. there is a sharp fall in longevity and rate of egg production. The unfed group all died, without laying, on the third day.4. The rate of laying as shown by the mode increases progressively with increase in time allowed daily for feeding.5. With regard to the mean eggs per louse the position is less clear. It is felt that the 24 hr. group may differ significantly from the 12, 16 and 20 hr. groups but this is uncertain.

scholarly journals Efficacy of intrathecal midazolam on enhancing analgesic effect of fentanyl in patients undergoing lower limb surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2726-2732
Author(s):  
Masoum Khoshfetrat ◽  
Sima Davarpanah ◽  
Aliakbar Keykha
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Block ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Limb Surgery ◽  
The Mean

Background: Co-administration of drugs with synergistic effects is considered as one of the methods to increase the effectiveness of intrathecal anesthesia and to reduce the need for injectable analgesics. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of intrathecal midazolam on enhancing the analgesic effect of fentanyl in patients undergoing lower limb surgery. Materials: The present double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 90 candidate patients undergoing lower limb orthopedic surgery in 2017 at Khatam-Al-Anbiya Hospital in the city of Zahedan, Iran. To this end, the patients were selected via convenience sampling method and then randomly divided into three groups. Afterwards, 3 cc of 0.5% hyperbaric Marcaine was injected intrathecally in the first group, 3 cc of Marcaine + 25 ug of fentanyl was administered to the second group, and 3 cc of Marcaine + 25 ug of fentanyl + 1 mg of midazolam was administered to the third group (the final volume of all three syringes was brought up to 3.7 cc with normal saline). The duration of sensory nerve block and those of motor block and analgesia, as well as changes in vital signs, were then measured in these groups. Moreover, the data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics (Version 22.0) through Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The mean age and gender distribution of the patients in the three study groups did not differ significantly. The mean duration of sensory nerve block was equal to 98.6+/-11.1 min in the first group, 142.2+/-12.4 min in the second group, and 174.3+/-10.9 min in the third group; all showed a statistically significant difference (P=0.0001, P=0.001, P=0.000).The mean duration of analgesia was also reported to be 204.43+/-0.3 min in the first group, 323.62+/-7.4 min in the second group, and 526.22+/-0.9 min in the third group, indicating a statistically significant difference between the three study groups (P=0.0001, P=0.000, P=000). Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that adding midazolam to intrathecal fentanyl could significantly increase the duration of sensory nerve block and that of post-operative analgesia.  

scholarly journals Relation between Fetal Renal Artery Doppler ‎Indices and Non-PROM Oligohydramnios in ‎Third Trimester of Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Asmaa Ibrahim Laag ◽  
Nareman Mahmoud Elhamamy ◽  
Amr‏ ‏Mohamed Tawfek Elbadry ◽  
Atef Hammad Teama
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Normal Amount ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Artery Flow

Background: Amniotic fluid is the liquid which surround the fetus after the first few weeks of gestation. Amniotic fluid is derived mostly from the fetus and has many functions that are essential for normal growth and development. The aim of this work is to study the relation between fetal renal artery flow velocity waveforms and amniotic fluid volume in normal pregnancies and those complicated by oligohydramnios. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out on 40pregnant women (10) of them were with normal amount of amniotic fluid (group I), while (30) of them suffered from oligohydramnios (group II).By using color doppler ultrasound imaging, the fetal renal circulation can be assessed. Intermittent assessment of renal artery flow velocity waveforms during the early stages of pregnancy may help in predicting changes in amniotic fluid dynamics. Results: There was a non-significant difference between cases with normal amount of amniotic fluid and cases with oligohydramnios in Gestational age, Maternal age, fetal femur length, bi parietal diameter, abdominal circumference and Fetal weight. There were increased values of fetal renal artery Resistance index (RI) and Pulsatility index (PI) in cases of oligohydramnios than cases with normal amount of amniotic fluid. There was no correlation between Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and Amniotic fluid index (AFI). There was a significant difference in End diastolic velocity (EDV) between cases with normal amount of amniotic fluid and cases with oligohydramnios. Also, there was a significant difference in Systolic diastolic ratio (S/D) and Amniotic fluid index (AFI) between cases with normal amount of amniotic fluid and cases with oligohydramnios. Conclusions: There is a relation between renal artery flow velocity waveforms and oligohydramnios using Pulsed wave Doppler Ultrasonography. There are higher values of renal artery Resistance index and Pulsatility index in cases of oligohydramnios more than cases with normal amount of amniotic fluid.

scholarly journals Effect of Educational Counseling on Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women Towards Sex During Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Atefeh Pakray ◽  
Atefeh Ahmadi ◽  
Younes Jahani ◽  
Masoumeh Ghazanfarpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Sexual Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
And Control

Background: Insufficient information about sex during pregnancy as well as negative attitude towards it may lead to serious problems in the couple’s communication and sexual relationship. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of educational counselling on sexual knowledge and attitude of pregnant women during 2014-2015. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 200 pregnant women referred to 5 health care centers in Kerman. The random allocation method was used to assign mothers to intervention (n=100) and control (n=100) groups. Data were collected by demographic information, sexual knowledge, and attitude questionnaires. Data were analyzed by paired and independent t test, Fisher exact test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation tests in SPSS software version 22.0. Results: The mean scores of sexual knowledge and attitude before educational counselling in intervention group were 33.7±15.44 and 50.09±10.88, respectively. Before the intervention, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in knowledge and attitude. One month after the counselling, the mean scores of knowledge and attitude in the intervention and control groups were respectively 79.03±8.71 and 67.88±8.62, indicating a significant difference (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed the positive role of counseling and education in increasing knowledge and creating positive attitude towards sexual relationships in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Frequency and Fetomaternal Outcome in COVID 19 Positive Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Mehwish Younus ◽  
Urooj Naz ◽  
Aruna Kumari Hira ◽  
Sana Shahmir ◽  
Uroosa Naz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Maternal Outcome ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Antenatal Visits ◽  
High Chance

Objective: To determine the frequency and outcome in pregnant women with COVID-19 infection. Study Design: This is a observational cohort study. Setting: Study carried out at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Civil Hospital, Dow University of health sciences Karachi, from July 2020 to November 2021. Materials & Methods:  The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Women having COVID-19 positive status during any stage of their pregnancy having antenatal visits in our hospital were included in our study. Maternal demographics, race, maternal outcome, and neonatal complications were noted on a self-made Performa. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 21 and descriptive statistics with frequencies were mainly calculated. Results: During the defined time of 14 months, we had 143 women visiting antenatal outpatient department and were tested positive for COVID-19. Majority of the women were tested for COVID-19 due to symptoms like fever, flu, cough and diarrhea. The mean age of women in our study was found to be 30 ± 6.7 years. The most frequent maternal outcome with SARSCOV-2 was preterm delivery. Out of 143, 27 cases had emergency lower segment C-section.PCR testing of neonates was carried out and 8.39% (n=12) neonates tested positive for SARSCOV-2.  Conclusion: Infection with Covid-19 during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Covid-19  infection can be transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy or childbirth. Neonatal has a high chance of being admitted to the ICU, and women also faces other complications of Covid 19, such as the risk of miscarriage and premature delivery.

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