scholarly journals Pendugaan Simpanan Karbon pada Kawasan Rehabilitasi Pesisir Selatan Pulau Jawa

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Budiadi Budiadi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Casuarina Equisetifolia ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
The South ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

Konservasi karbon merupakan salah satu tindakan penting dalam rehabilitasi pesisir, khususnya pesisir selatan Pulau Jawa dengan keunikan ombak yang besar, salinitas tinggi dan sedimen beragam. Penelitian dilaksanakan untuk menduga simpanan karbon dalam berbagai bagian pada areal pesisir tersebut, yang terdiri dari tapak tergenang (tegakan mangrove 14 tahun jenis Avicennia/AV, Rhizophora/RH dan campuran/MX, lahan sedimen/SD, rumput/GR) dan tapak kering berpasir tegakan Casuarina equisetifolia/CS umur 18 tahun. Tiga sampai sembilan petak ukur dibuat untuk pengamatan dan pengukuran vegetasi, serta pengambilan sampel tanah (kedalaman 0-20, 20-40 dan 40-60 cm), dan pengukuran tegakan. Biomasa pohon diestimasi dengan mengkonvesri diameter batang (DBH) menggunakan persamaan alometrik. Biomasa pohon dirubah menjadi karbon tersimpan menggunakan berat jenis kayu yaitu 0,464 untuk above-ground (AGC), dan 0,39 untuk below-ground (BGC), serta untuk menduga biomasa karbon total (TBC). Karbon organik tanah (COT) dianalisis secara terpisah, dan digabungkan dengan karbon biomasa untuk memperkirakan simpanan karbon dalam ekosistem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi yang tinggi dari pertumbuhan dan kerapatan pohon, khususnya pada tegakan mangrove, dengan kemampuan regenerasi yang rendah. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang nyata dari simpanan karbon pada biomasa antara tegakan mangrove dengan Casuarina. Rerata TBC pada mangrove adalah 46,08 Mg C/ha, sedikit lebih rendah daripada CS (51,50 Mg C/ha). Di bawah tanah (hingga kedalaman 60 cm), tapak tergenang (AV, RH, MX, SD dan GR) secara nyata menyimpan COT lebih besar daripada tapak kering (CS). Kedalaman tanah secara nyata mempengaruhi COT, namun pada tapak tergenang semakin dalam tanah maka COT semakin besar, sedangkan tren sebaliknya pada tapak kering. Perkiraan total karbon tersimpan adalah 248.52 (±87.21) Mg C/ha, dengan terendah pada CS (94.46 Mg C/ha) dan tertinggi pada MX (324.77 Mg C/ha). Rehabilitasi pesisir berpeluang meningkatkan simpanan karbon ekosistem karena adanya adanya biomasa pohon, dibandingkan tapak terbuka yakni SD dan GR. Pada tapak tergenang/tegakan mangrove sebagian besar simpanan karbon berupa COT, dan lebih sedikit ditemukan pada CS. Perbedaan karakteristik simpanan karbon ini memerlukan penanganan atau konservasi yang berbeda, tetapi sama-sama membutuhkan rehabilitasi dan regenerasi buatan yang intensif. Carbon Stock Estimation in the South Coastal Rehabilitation Area of Java IslandAbstractCarbon conservation is one of important actions for coastal rehabilitation, in particular in the south coast of Java Island with its unique characteristics of strong tide, high salinity and diverse substrates. The research aimed to estimate carbon stocks from various carbon pools in the coast rehabilitation area, including wetland sites (14-year-old mangroves of Avicennia/AV, Rhizophora/RH and mix mangrove/MX, mudflat-sediment/SD, grassland/GR) and dry-sandy site of 18-year-old Casuarina equisetifolia/CS. Three to nine plots were established for observing and measuring vegetation, as well as taking soil sample at 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm depths. Tree biomass were estimated by converting treestem diameter using allometric equation. The tree biomass were converted into tree carbon using carbon density of 0.464 for aboveground (AGC), and 0.39 for below-ground (BGC), and to estimate total biomass carbon (TBC). Soil organic carbon (SOC) was analyzed separately, and combined with biomass carbon to estimate total carbon stock in the ecosystems. High variation of tree growth and density were found, especially in mangrove stands, with a low level of natural regeneration. No significant difference of carbon stock in biomass between mangroves and Casuarina was observed. Average TBC in mangroves (46.08 Mg C/ha) was slightly lower than in CS (51.50 Mg C/ha). In below ground (up to 60 cm depth), wetland sites (AV, RH, MX, SD and GR) significantly stored more SOC than dry land (CS). Soil depth significantly affected SOC, but in wetland sites deeper soil contained more carbon than upper, while an opposite trend was observed in CS. Estimated total carbon stock in the coast was 248.52 (±87.21) Mg C/ha, with the lowest in CS (94.46 Mg C/ha) and highest in MX (324.77 Mg C/ha). Rehabilitation activities in the coast possibly improve carbon stock in the ecosystems due to tree biomass, compared to open sites of SD and GR. In the wetland or mangroves, most of carbon was observed as SOC, and less in the dry-land site. The different characteristics of carbon storage in the south coast need different conservation techniques, but both sites need intensive rehabilitation work and artificial regeneration.

scholarly journals Carbon storage along altitudes in agrisilviculture system- Case study of Devprayag Block, Tehri District, Uttarakhand, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
K.K. Vikrant ◽  
D.S. Chauhan ◽  
R.H. Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon Stock ◽  
Crop Biomass

Climate change is one of the impending problems that have affected the productivity of agroecosystems which calls for urgent action. Carbon sequestration through agroforestry along altitude in mountainous regions is one of the options to contribute to global climate change mitigation. Three altitudes viz. lower (286-1200m), middle (1200-2000m), and upper (2000-2800m) have been selected in Tehri district. Ten Quadrates (10m × 10 m) were randomly selected from each altitude in agrisilviculture system. At every sampling point, one composite soil sample was taken at 30 cm soil depth for soil organic carbon analysis. For the purpose of woody biomass, Non destructive method and for crop biomass assessment destructive method was employed. Finally, aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass carbon (BGB), Total tree Biomass (TTB), Crop biomass (CB), Total Biomass (TB), Total biomass carbon (TBC), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total carbon stock (TC) status were estimated and variables were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).The result indicated that AGB, BGB, TTB, CB , TB, TBC, SOC, and TC varied significantly (p < 0.05) across the altitudes. Results showed that total carbon stock followed the order upper altitude ˃ middle altitudes ˃ lower altitude. The upper altitude (2000-2800 m) AGB, BGB,TTB, TBC,SOC, and TC stock was estimated as 2.11 Mg ha-1 , 0.52 Mg ha-1, 2.63 Mg ha-1, 2.633 Mg ha-1, 1.18 Mg ha-1 , 26.53 Mg ha-1, 38.48 Mg ha-1 respectively, and significantly higher than the other altitudes. It was concluded that agrisilviculture system hold a high potential for carbon storage at temperate zones. Quercus lucotrichophora, Grewia oppositifolia and Melia azadirach contributed maximum carbon storage which may greatly contribute to the climate resilient green economy strategy and their conservation should be promoted.

scholarly journals  Above- and below-ground carbon stock estimation in a natural forest of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Ullah ◽  
M. Al-Amin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Systematic Sampling Method ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

The research was aimed to estimate above- and below-ground carbon stock in Tankawati natural hill forest of Bangladesh. A systematic sampling method was used to identify each sampling point through Global Positioning System (GPS). Loss on ignition and wet oxidation method were used to estimate biomass and soil carbon stock, respectively. Results revealed that the total carbon stock of the forest was 283.80 t&middot;ha<sup>&minus;1 </sup>whereas trees produce 110.94&nbsp;t&middot;ha<sup>&minus;1</sup>, undergrowth (shrubs, herbs and grass) 0.50 t&middot;ha<sup>&minus;1</sup>, litter fall 4.21 t&middot;ha<sup>&minus;1 </sup>and soil 168.15 t&middot;ha<sup>&minus;1 </sup>(up to 1m depth). The forest in the study area is a reservoir of carbon, as it has a good capacity to stock carbon from the atmosphere. To realize the forest sector potentiality inBangladesh, the carbon sequestration should be integrated with the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) carbon trading system of the Kyoto Protocol. &nbsp; &nbsp;

scholarly journals Carbon Storage of Wooden Houses, Trees, and Grazing Land in Rural Areas of Enemorina Ener District, Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 42-58
Author(s):  
Miftah Fekadu ◽  
Tsegaye Bekele ◽  
Sisay Feleke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Wooden House ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

In Ethiopia, wood was the main construction material for rural houses. In 2013, about 79% of the rural houses of Ethiopia were fully made of wood. Although carbon storage of wood is well known for climate change mitigation, there is lack of information on carbon stock of wooden houses in Ethiopia. Thus, a study was conducted to analyze the carbon stock of dominant land uses that surround rural wooden houses in three agro-ecologies and representative three peasant associations (PA) or Kebeles in Southern Ethiopia. Field measurement and household survey were made by selecting sixty-four houses made of wood, grass or corrugated iron sheet. Transects were laid starting from the wooden houses to lay out plots to collect samples of wood, grass, soot inside houses, soil and trees for carbon determination. The service age of wooden houses was estimated in triangulated interview as 5-150 years. The total carbon stock of newly constructed rural grass covered wooden house was 28.35- 49.26 kg C m-2, which was greater than the other surrounding land uses. The grazing land total carbon stock was 50.5-86.8% and the scattered trees carbon was 9.5-59.7% of the total carbon stock of the respective PA grass covered wooden house. Since soil is the common below ground carbon stock, the total carbon of a land use is mostly affected by the above ground carbon stock. Grass covered houses contained greater above ground carbon stock but grazinglands contained greater below ground carbon stock. Soot accumulation of 0.4-1.3 g m-2 inside the houses’ roof indicated the presence of indoor pollution. The total carbon stock increased with increasing altitude and geoclimatic variables were significantly correlated with carbon stock of the land uses (p<0.05; r = ±0.999). Therefore, wooden houses need to be considered in climate change mitigations. The shift of carbon stock from natural environment to wooden houses in human dominated landscapes was indicator of a lack of forests, and then efforts should be strengthened to increase forest cover.

scholarly journals Biomass Carbon Content in Schima-Castanopsis Forest of Midhills of Nepal: A Case Study from Jaisikuna Community Forest, Kaski

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sushma Tripathi ◽  
Chandra Bahadur Thapa ◽  
Amrit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Stock Biomass ◽  
Below Ground

Forests are considered as both the source and sinks of carbon. Different types of forests have different carbon stock. Nepal's midhills community forests have high potentiality to sequester carbon. This paper analyzes the biomass carbon stock in Schima-Castanopsis forest of Jaisikuna community forests of Kaski district, Nepal. Forest area was divided into two blocks and 18 sample plots (9 in each block) were laid randomly. Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) and height of trees (DBH≥5cm) were measured using the DBH tape and clinometer. Leaflitter, herbs, grasses and seedling were collected from 1*1m2 plot and fresh weight was taken. Biomass of tree was calculated and below ground biomass is assumed 15% of above ground tree biomass. For calculating carbon stock, biomass is multiplied by default value 0.47. The above ground tree biomass (AGTB) carbon of chilaune, katus and other species was found 19.56 t/ha, 18.66 t/ha and 3.59 t/ha respectively. The AGTB of chilaune dominated, katus dominated and whole forest was found 43.78 t/ha, 39.83 t/ha and 41.81 t/ ha respectively. LHG carbon was found 2.73 t/ha. Below ground biomass carbon at whole forest was found 6.27 t/ha respectively. Total biomass and carbon at forest was found 108.09 t/ha and 50.80 t/ ha respectively. Difference in biomass and carbon content at chilaune dominated block and katus dominated block was found insignificant. Carbon estimation at forest of different elevation, aspect and location are recommended for further research.

scholarly journals Karbon Tersimpan Pada Hutan Kota Bumi Saniari Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni

Cassowary ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Siprianus Manibuy ◽  
Julius D. Nugroho ◽  
Anton S. Sinery
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
The City ◽  
Total Carbon Stock ◽  
Descriptive Method

An urban forest is a collection of trees growing among buildings and people where they can protect the city as the functional traits. Forests are playing an important role in stabilizing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere. As forest is a source of CO2 emissions, forests are also able to absorb and store CO2, so we could estimate the amount of CO2 absorbed by forest trees by calculating their biomass. This study aims to obtain the amount of carbon stock stored in the City Forest of Bumi Saniari, Teluk Bintuni Regency. Carbon stock was calculated to obtaine aboveground carbon (AGB), below ground carbon (BGB) and litter carbon (CS).  In this study no measurements were made of soil carbon. The method used in this research is descriptive method and field survey with measurements using the nondestructive method. The results obtained were 801.52 tons of stored carbon above ground (AGB), the soil surface / litter (CS) is 273.54 tons C. The total carbon stock is 10 hectares of 1,411.69 tons C.

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Dan Simpanan Karbon Pada Berbagai Tipe Penggunaan Lahan Di Kabupaten Pesisir Barat Provinsi Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Dian Ariyanti ◽  
Nurheni Wijayanto ◽  
Iwan Hilwan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

Vegetation is one factor that can decrease carbon accumulation in the atmosphere. The diversity of plant species in each land use has different abilities to absorb carbon in the atmosphere. This research was conducted in Pesisir Barat Regency of Lampung Province on 4 (four) types of land use, namely: (1) natural forest in Balai Kencana Resort, Bukit Barisan National Park (2) oil palm plantation in Pekon Marang, (3) coffee plantation in Pekon Suka Mulya, and (4) agroforestry of repong damar in Pekon Pahmungan. This reserach aims to analyze the diversity of plant species and to calculate the potential of plant carbon stock and carbon sequestration (above ground biomass) using alometric equations in various types of land use in Pesisir Barat Regency. The research method was vegetation analysis to learn about the diversity of plant species and calculation of carbon stock using alometric equations. The results showed that the composition of plant species in Bukit Barisan NP found 83 plant species belonging to 37 families, in the palm plantation found 9 plant species belonging to 8 families, in the coffee garden found 17 plant species belonging to 11 families, and in agroforestry of repong damar found 73 plant species belonging to 33 families. The total carbon stock potential was 376.16 ton/ha and carbon sequestrated. 1 257.20 ton/ha with the highest carbon uptake available at repong damar agroforestry site of 901.11 ton/ha.Keywords: aboveground biomass, carbon, diversity, pesisir barat regency

scholarly journals Estimation on the Change of Above-Ground Carbon Stock in Arboretum University of Lampung

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Kristian Gomos Banjarnahor ◽  
Agus Setiawan ◽  
Arief Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Process Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Earth Temperature

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas that could increase earth temperature. Through the photosynthesis process, plants absorb CO2 then convert it into carbohydrates, then sequester it in the body of plants. The purpose of the study is to estimate the changes in the carbon stock at the Arboretum University of Lampung. The methods used were stock difference by counting the carbon changes or difference between carbon stored in 2010 and 2016. While the stand biomass estimation measured by trees general allometric equations with non-destructive sampling. The results showed that the total carbon was 46% of the total biomass. Carbon stock in 2016 were about 226.75 ton/ha, showing an increase of 59.72% or 84.78 ton/ha compared to in 2010’s. The increase was due to additional growth of 804 trees as a result of plantation activity and natural regeneration. Keywords: Arboretum, biomass, carbon, necromass, University of Lampung.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF ABOVEGROUND CARBON STOCK USING SAR SENTINEL-1 IMAGERY IN SAMARINDA CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Bayu Elwanto Bagus Dewanto ◽  
Retnadi Heru Jatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Empirical Modelling ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Accuracy Test ◽  
Estimated Error ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

Estimation of aboveground carbon stock on stands vegetation, especially in green open space, has become an urgent issue in the effort to calculate, monitor, manage, and evaluate carbon stocks, especially in a massive urban area such as Samarinda City, Kalimantan Timur Province, Indonesia. The use of Sentinel-1 imagery was maximised to accommodate the weaknesses in its optical imagery, and combined with its ability to produce cloud-free imagery and minimal atmospheric influence. The study aims to test the accuracy of the estimated model of above-ground carbon stocks, to ascertain the total carbon stock, and to map the spatial distribution of carbon stocks on stands vegetation in Samarinda City. The methods used included empirical modelling of carbon stocks and statistical analysis comparing backscatter values and actual carbon stocks in the field using VV and VH polarisation. Model accuracy tests were performed using the standard error of estimate in independent accuracy test samples. The results show that Samarinda Utara subdistrict had the highest carbon stock of 3,765,255.9 tons in the VH exponential model. Total carbon stocks in the exponential VH models were 6,489,478.1 tons, with the highest maximum accuracy of 87.6 %, and an estimated error of 0.57 tons/pixel.

scholarly journals Carbon stock estimation of Shree Rabutar Forest of Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Dolakha, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Karishma Gubhaju ◽  
Dipesh Raj Pant ◽  
Ramesh Prasad Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Rhododendron Arboreum ◽  
Alnus Nepalensis ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Stock Estimation

Forests store significant amount of atmospheric carbon in the form of above and below ground biomass and the amount of carbon stored in forests differs along spatial continuum which provides important information regarding forest quality. This study was carried out to estimate the carbon stock of Shree Rabutar Forest of Gaurishankar Conservation Area, Dolakha, Nepal. In total, 20 circular sampling plots with an area 250 m2 were randomly laid in the study area. Ten tree species were observed in the sampling plots laid in the forest. The higher values of density, frequency, abundance and basal area were observed for Rhododendron arboreum, Alnus nepalensis, Pinus roxburghii and Pinus wallichiana. On the basis of Important Value Index, the dominant tree in the forest was Alnus nepalensis followed by Rhododendron arboreum and Pinus roxburghii. Shannon Index of general diversity of trees in the forest was 0.74 with equal value of Evenness Index, whereas the index of dominance was low (0.22) in the forest. Mean biomass of the forest was 464.01±66.71 tonha-1 contributed by above ground tree biomass (384.44 tonha-1), leaf litter, herbs and grasses biomass (2.69±0.196 tonha-1) and below ground tree biomass (76.88±11.13 tonha-1). Mean carbon stock was 262.77±30.79 tonha-1 including soil carbon stock 44.69±2.25 tonha-1. Individuals of trees with 20-30 cm DBH class were observed in maximum number, which shows that the forest has high potential to sequester carbon over time. Carbon stock estimation and forest management can be one of the potential strategies for climate change mitigation especially through carbon dioxide absorption by the forests.

scholarly journals Study on Carbon Stock of Leasehold Forests of Katakuti VDC, Dolakha District

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Tshering Dolma Lama ◽  
Ram Asheshwar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

A study was carried on ten leasehold forests of Katakuti VDC, Dolakha district to estimate the carbon stock. Random sampling was used to collect the biophysical data of trees/ poles, sapling, root and leaf litter, herb and grass. Then, the biomass was calculated using the respective equation and the calculated biomass stock was converted into carbon stock multiplying with 0.47. Similarly, the soil samples were collectewd from different depths of 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm to determine the soil organic carbon. Lastly, all analyzed data were compiled to get total carbon stocks. The result showed that the estimated total carbon stock per ha was found to be highest in Srijana leasehold forest with 125.493 t C/ha. The estimated total carbon stock of 10 leasehold forest was found to be 1439.033 tons. Here, Leasehold forests have been an emerging and successful example in conserving forests in epal. So, it is recommended to extend such studies in other parts of Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/init.v5i0.10255   The Initiation 2013 Vol.5; 63-67

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