scholarly journals Women in Mount Tengger Folklores: Their Presence, Position and Environmental Knowledge of Disaster Mitigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Sony Sukmawan ◽  
Lestari Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Social Value ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Oral Poetry ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Domestic Lives ◽  
Psychological Sense

Tenggerese people in East Java are one of Indonesia’s ethnic communities endowed with a unique folklore. This  ethnographic research aimed to find out 1) how women are presented in Mount Tengger folklore; 2) the position of women in Tengger folkore; and 3) Tenggerese women’s environmental knowledge in relation to nature and disaster mitigation. Data analysis used multi perspective dimensions by employing theories of ecofeminism, ecocriticism, and folkloristic views. Human instruments, observations, interviews, and documentation were used in this study. The findings revealed that 1) women are presented both in Tengger folktales and oral poetry (spells), and are characterized as being mentally strong, respected, and having the proclivity to protect the environment. 2) In Tenggerese folklore, women enjoy equal position with men. The equality between men and women has become a social value and practice within Tenggerese traditions. Women work side-by-side with men in their domestic lives and beyond. 3) Tenggerese women have extensive environmental knowledge, in both the physical and psychological sense. They have in-depth and detailed knowledge of the vitality of nature for human living.

Men's and Women's Mating Preferences: Distinct Evolutionary Mechanisms?

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Carol Miller ◽  
Anila Putcha-Bhagavatula ◽  
William C. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Functioning ◽  
Large Female ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Species Comparisons

Have men and women evolved sex-distinct mating preferences for short-term and long-term mating, as postulated by some evolutionary theorists? Direct tests of assumptions, consideration of confounds with gender, and examination of the same variables for both sexes suggest men and women are remarkably similar. Furthermore, cross-species comparisons indicate that humans do not evidence mating mechanisms indicative of short-term mating (e.g., large female sexual skins, large testicles). Understanding human variability in mating preferences is apt to involve more detailed knowledge of the links between these preferences and biological and chemical mechanisms associated with sexual motivation, sexual arousal, and sexual functioning.

Sara Akbar

Hawwa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-225
Author(s):  
Souad T. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Women In Leadership ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
American University ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Fulbright Scholar ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Abroad Program ◽  
First Interview ◽  
Work And Life

The history and modernization of women’s rights and leadership in Kuwait is explored through an introspective from Engineer Sara Akbar, ceo of Kuwait Energy. Akbar gives detailed accounts of her brief history of work and life as a woman in leadership. Through a lengthy ethnographic research, I traveled to Kuwait City as a Fulbright Scholar at the American University of Kuwait (auk 2009–2010) and had my first interview with her at the Engineers Society building. In 2013, on our first study abroad program at auk, I invited Sara Akbar to give a lecture to my asu students as part of a Lecture Series I organized; then I had another interview with her in her office in the new premises of her company, Kuwait Energy in Salmiya. Akbar’s dialogue highlights her theoretical feminist framework for life in Kuwait. In addition to her recounts of oppression and struggle as a woman in her workforce, Sara Akbar gives a call to action for people in all social and occupational hierarchies, men, and women, in Kuwait to broaden their horizons for women in leadership.

“Choose yourself?”

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-68
Author(s):  
Jolynna Sinanan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Caribbean Island ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Town

Abstract Social media is often assumed to espouse ego-centred networking. Yet by comparing posts to Facebook and Instagram, it becomes apparent that the experience and aspirations of the individual are often embedded in structures of family and other institutions that have been historically determined. This article locates images posted by women to two social media platforms, Facebook and Instagram, within the Caribbean island of Trinidad’s wider history of the significance of visibility and visuality. What individuals choose to make visible and its consequences form a visual language in which Trinidadians are entirely fluent. By extension, images are used to communicate forms of differentiated identity that are made visible through social media. The material gathered was based on 15 months of ethnographic research in a semi-urban town in Trinidad where, generally, uses of social media are expressive of a place-based sense of identity. The town is simultaneously a place that urban dwellers look down on and villagers look up to. Visual content posted to Facebook and Instagram reveal that while individuals seek to craft and shape images and aesthetics according to their own tastes, this must be done in a socially acceptable way; that is, placing emphasis on group conformity is far more of a social value than expressing individual distinction. Social media in this context communicates the imagination of oppositional futures and a divergence of lifestyles for young women: those who identify with being locally-oriented and those who identify with being globally-oriented.

Youth, Gender, and the Workplace

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Naafs
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
Muslim Youth ◽  
Industrial Town

Drawing on interviews and ethnographic research conducted between 2008 and 2010, this article examines how relatively educated Muslim youths navigate employment and family life in the context of an emerging globalized Muslim youth culture and economic restructuring in the industrial town of Cilegon, Indonesia. Specifically, the article explores the aspirations of young men and women for work and marriage and their ability to achieve locally valued forms of masculinity and femininity during their transitions to adulthood. It argues that aspirations and decisions about employment are informed by, and in turn contribute to, gendered and religious expectations about marriage and future family life.

Living Lithics: ethnoarchaeology in Highland Papua New Guinea

Antiquity ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (297) ◽  
pp. 555-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sillitoe ◽  
Karen Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Men And Women

This paper represents the joint work of two very different specialists. The fieldwork was undertaken by Sillitoe as part of his ethnographic research in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the interpretative work was done by an archaeologist, Hardy. The work described here represents some of the last direct evidence from users of stone tools. It shows how procurement, manufacture, use, storage and the relative roles of men and women in the process was dependant on what other materials were available – material often sadly elusive in the archaeological record. Discard did not reflect use, but was often guided by the thoughtful wish to avoid cut feet.

scholarly journals Intersected ruralities: "Campeiro" youth and narratives of self and other in social media

Cadernos Pagu ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 141-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Adelman ◽  
César Bueno Franco ◽  
Andressa Fontana Pires
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Leisure Interests

This article presents current research on gender and identity among youth who take part in the campeiro cultural circuit in the Curitiba metropolitan area. We look specifically at the narratives that these youth formulate through use of social media, focusing on how they represent masculinity and femininity, sexuality and the body, consumption, cultural identities and leisure interests. Based on a study of young men and women and their Facebook profiles, linked to a broader project of ethnographic research, we argue that social media facilitate their participation in wider fields of discourse circulation, offering an opportunity and perhaps even encouraging them to express themselves in ways that partially disrupt conventional "traditionalist" patterns and ideals.

Tingkat Kesetaraan Gender dalam Rumah Tangga Peserta Program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Audia Rahma ◽  
Siti Amanah
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Village ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Reserve Food

Sustainable Reserve Food Garden (SRFG) is a program initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture to increase households food security. The program involves the households that consist of men and women in the activities of SRFGP. To see whether the program has addressed gender equality,  the research aims to analyze how the beneficiary households characteristics of SRFG, how men, women in the beneficiary households divides the division of labours and how the external supports towards the implementation of SRFGP. A census was conducted to 46 beneficiary households of SRFGP who are members of the Melati, Dahlia, and Mawar Women's Farmers Group (WFG) also supported by in-depth interviews to six informants including three chiefs of each WFG, chief of combined farmer group (CFG), agricultural extension officer, and the Village Head of Cikarawang. Most of the beneficiary households have a low level of gender equality in the implementation of SRFGP. The results show the issues of subordination and multi burden that experienced by women in the division of labours arises due to strong social value in the community, women are conceived to be responsible to activities such as managing the households and family, whilst men embedded as head of the family and responsibility to protect the family socio-economically.Keywords: gender equality, rural households, SRFGABSTRAKKawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) merupakan program yang dikembangkan oleh Kementerian Pertanian guna memenuhi ketahanan pangan rumah tangga. Program ini melibatkan rumah tangga yang terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kegiatan Program KRPL. Untuk melihat apakah program ini telah menerapkan prinsip kesetaraan gender, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana karakteristik rumah tangga peserta Program KRPL, bagaimana pembagian kerja dalam rumah tangga peserta dan bagaimana dukungan lingkungan dalam pelaksanaan Program KRPL. Sensus dilakukan terhadap 46 rumah tangga peserta Program KRPL anggota Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Melati, Dahlia, dan Mawar juga didukung wawancara mendalam kepada enam informan yaitu tiga ketua masing-masing KWT, ketua gapoktan, penyuluh pertanian, dan Kepala Desa Cikarawang. Sebagian besar rumah tangga peserta memiliki tingkat kesetaraan gender yang rendah dalam pelaksanaan Program KRPL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat Isu subordinasi dan  beban kerja ganda yang dialami perempuan dalam pembagian kerja rumah tangga muncul akibat kuatnya nilai sosial dalam masyarakat yang dominan menempatkan perempuan pada kegiatan mengatur urusan rumah dan keluarga, sementara laki-laki sebagai kepala keluarga lebih dikhususkan untuk melindungi keluarga secara sosial ekonomi.Kata kunci: kesetaraan gender, Program KRPL, rumah tangga di pedesaan

Women and the Welsh Newspaper Press: The Cambrian News and the Western Mail, 1870–1895

2019 ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Tom O’Malley
Keyword(s):  
Men And Women ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Domestic Lives

Newspapers were an important space for imagining women’s domestic lives. Women’s pages, columns, and advertisements were designed to reach a growing female readership. As Tom O’Malley notes in this chapter, newspapers contributed to separate spheres ideology by depicting women as subordinate to men and by highlighting their roles as wives, daughters, mothers, and consumers in the home. Yet, O’Malley notes, such ‘ideological convention was always under pressure from the heterogeneous content papers were obliged to contain if they were to appeal to the men and women in the locality on whom they depended as purchasers, readers, and advertisers’ (95). Consequently, at the same time that newspapers constructed the angel in the house they also imagined women as litigants, entertainers, labourers, and charity workers—identities that defined women as participants in world outside the home. Newspapers, then, by virtue of their differentiated readerships, dismantled separate spheres ideology at the same time they seemed to confirm it.

scholarly journals Gender, Social Value Orientation, and Tax Compliance

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W D’Attoma ◽  
Clara Volintiru ◽  
Antoine Malézieux
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Social Value Orientation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
National Tax ◽  
Empirical Contribution ◽  
Cross National

Abstract This article brings an important empirical contribution to the academic literature by examining whether gender differences in tax compliance are due to higher prosociality among women. We conducted a large cross-national tax compliance experiment carried out in different countries—Italy, UK, USA, Sweden, and Romania. We uncover that women declare a significantly higher percentage of their income than men in all five countries. While some scholars have argued that differences in honesty between men and women are mediated by prosociality, we find that women are not more prosocial than men in all countries and we do not find a mediating effect of prosocial behaviour on tax compliance. Though tax evasion is a form of dishonesty, the tax compliance experiment is quite different from an honesty experiment, which is certainly one explanation for the different results. We conclude that although differences in prosociality between men and women seem to be context-dependent, differences in tax compliance are indeed much more consistent.

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