scholarly journals Analysis of Sangihe Islands Movements derived from Recent GPS Observation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Fitranto Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Normal Strain ◽  
Vertical Deformation ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
Tectonic Plate ◽  
Monitoring Point ◽  
Plate Movement

Sangihe Islands is one of the districts located in the border region of the Republic of Indonesia precisely located in North Sulawesi Province which borders with the Philippines. Sangihe subduction zone is a subduction between the Sangihe plate and the Maluku sea plate. (Di Leo, et al., 2012). This situation causes the Sangihe Islands region to be very prone to earthquake and others disasters, so mitigation efforts are needed to minimize casualties and losses in other material forms. One of these efforts is mapping the potential of earthquakes through Geodynamic studies which are represented at the point of deformation control. This study is using four times GNSS observations epoch 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 tied to ITRF 2014. The data used for 3D deformation analysis with the multiepoch method to calculate the movement speed of the Sangihe plate and simultaneous tectonic plate strain observation. The results of this study are the coordinates and accuracy values of monitoring point also the plate movement speed and annual tectonic plate strain values. The movement speed of the Sangihe plate is SGH1 point is having horizontal deformation of 9.88 mm / year to the southeast and vertical deformation descend by 58.66 mm/year. SGH3 point is having horizontal deformation of 12.74 mm/year to the southeast and vertical deformation descend by 18.51 mm/year. SGH4 point is having horizontal deformation of 19.04 mm/year to the southeast and vertical deformation descend by 5.27 mm/ year. This research also proves the hypothesis of a change in the volume of the Sangihe Islands tectonic plate based on the values of normal strain parameters and shear strain in the fraction of 10-6 to 10-4 strains.

CRUSTAL DEFORMATION STUDIES IN JAVA (INDONESIA) USING GPS

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
HASANUDDIN Z. ABIDIN ◽  
HERI ANDREAS ◽  
TERUYUKI KATO ◽  
TAKEO ITO ◽  
IRWAN MEILANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
First Year ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
West Java ◽  
Plate Movement ◽  
Tsunami Earthquake ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Seismic Deformation ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Along the Java trench the Australian–Oceanic plate is moving and pushing onto and subducting beneath the Java continental crust at a relative motion of about 70 mm/yr in NNE direction. This subduction-zone process imposed tectonic stresses on the fore-arc region offshore and on the land of Java, thus causing the formation of earthquake fault zones to accommodate the plate movement. Historically, several large earthquakes happened in Java, including West Java. This research use GPS surveys method to study the inter-seismic deformation of three active faults in West Java region (i.e. Cimandiri, Lembang and Baribis faults), and the co-seismic and post-seismic deformation related to the May 2006 Yogyakarta and the July 2006 South Java earthquakes. Based on GPS surveys results it was found that the area around Cimandiri, Lembang and Baribis fault zones have the horizontal displacements of about 1 to 2 cm/yr or less. Further research is however still needed to extract the real inter-seismic deformation of the faults from those GPS-derived displacements. GPS surveys have also estimated that the May 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake was caused by the sinistral movement of the (Opak) fault with horizontal co-seismic deformation that generally was less than 10 cm. The post-seismic horizontal deformation of the July 2006 South Java tsunami earthquake has also been estimated using GPS surveys data. In the first year after the earthquake (2006 to 2007), the post-seismic deformation is generally less than 5 cm; and it becomes generally less than 3 cm in the second year (2007 to 2008).

Evidence for afterslip on the San Fernando fault

1975 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 829-834
Author(s):  
J. C. Savage ◽  
J. P. Church
Keyword(s):  
Coseismic Deformation ◽  
Vertical Deformation ◽  
Elevation Change ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
The North ◽  
San Fernando ◽  
Local Compaction

Abstract Postearthquake changes in elevation across the Tujunga segment of the San Fernando fault in the period March 1971 to 1973-1974 indicate deformation similar in distribution to, but on a much smaller scale than, the coseismic deformation (the maximum postearthquake uplift is about 60 mm compared to the 2 m of coseismic uplift). The postearthquake elevation change just east of the 1971 rupture is a nearly uniform increase in elevation to the north that reaches about 60 mm at the end of the profile. The postearthquake elevation change across the Sylmar segment of the San Fernando fault is more subdued and apparently in the opposite sense from the coseismic deformation; it may be due to local compaction. The horizontal deformation observed in the period August 1971 to March 1973 across a geodimeter network that spans the San Fernando fault is minor (displacement not more than 10 mm). If the explanation of the observed vertical deformation across the Tujunga segment of the fault is indeed afterslip, the deformation must have occurred chiefly in the period March to August 1971.

The Horizontal Deformation Analysis of High-rise Buildings

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Žymantas Gražulis ◽  
Boleslovas Krikštaponis ◽  
Algirdas Neseckas ◽  
Darius Popovas ◽  
Raimundas Putrimas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Cloud Data Processing

The horizontal deformation analysis of high-rise buildings, quite often is complicated because buildings like chimneys, towers and etc, have complex and asymmetric shapes, consequently there is not always the possibility to apply the method of single points motion analysis. Furthermore, the horizontal deformation analysis is complicated using standard measurement methods like measurements with electronic total stations or optical theodolites. In such case the terrestrial laser scanner could be superior to traditional measurements. However, the terrestrial laser scanner still not widely used to survey building horizontal deformations using high precision measurements. The main aim of this work is to determine the suitability to measure deflections of buildings from the vertical using terrestrial laser scanners and to investigate point cloud data processing. Measurements of horizontal deformation were carried out using the over ground laser scanner and electronic total station. Horizontal deformations of chimneys of thermal power plants were investigated using corresponding methods. Deformation indicators and evaluated measurement accuracies between different methods were compared. Data analysis of terrestrial laser scanning is more complex, time consuming and requires sophisticated hardware resources in comparison with the traditional methods, however results are much more detailed and informative.

The Research on Early Age Deformation of Shrinkage-Compensating Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 785-786 ◽  
pp. 287-290
Author(s):  
Shou Zhi Zhang ◽  
Ting Yao ◽  
Qian Tian ◽  
Fei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Early Age ◽  
Vertical Deformation ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
Time Zero ◽  
Expansive Agent ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Plastic Stage ◽  
Present Standard

Measuring techniques for vertical deformation and horizontal deformation of concrete were introduced in the paper. Based on these techniques, concrete deformation about reference concrete and shrinkage-compensating concrete were studied. The results show that workability of concrete was almost not affected by expansive agent. Usually deformation testing began when the mold has been removed 24 hours after casting according to present standard, but the reaserch shows that the time of starting measurement has a little influence on deformation of reference concrete, while its vastly affected on those of shrinkage-compensating concrete with expansive agent. Thus, its essential to judge time-zero accurately for shrinkage-compensating concrete. Before final set, concrete is on the plastic stage when the concrete has no enough stiffness to store expansive energy, so the measurement results should be zeroed to the time of final set especially for concrete with expansive to evaluate expansive validity better.

scholarly journals Audoly-Pomeau Linear Law of the Gol'denveizer Torus

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangkai Song ◽  
Bohua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Vertical Deformation ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
Finite Element Numerical Simulation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Major Radius

The Gol'denveizer problem of a torus was studied analytically by Audoly and Pomeau (2002), and the accuracy of the Audoly and Pomeau linear law was confirmed numerically by Sun (2021). However, the law does not include the major radius R of the torus. To find the influence of the major radius, we used finite element numerical simulation to simulate different cases, and we propose a modified Audoly and Pomeau linear law for vertical deformation, which includes R. A linear law of horizontal deformation is presented as well. Our studies show that the Audoly and Pomeau linear law has high accuracy. With modified vertical and horizontal deformation, a displacement-compatible relation between them is formulated.

Application of Spline Function Based on Material Properties in the Deformation Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Fu Min Lu ◽  
Ting Yao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Material Property ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Spline Function ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Vertical Deformation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Law ◽  
Earthquake Area

Considering the material property of the soil body to the earthquake area and the situation that the law of the deformation of surface points in regions of active seismicity will vary before and after the occurrence of an earthquake, the paper discusses the method to erect a model of vertical deformation in regions of active seismicity using spline function. Finally, it verifies the effectiveness of the method using a simulating network. Some beneficial conclusions are obtained.

Simulating tectonic plate movement

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 777-791
Author(s):  
I. Rödder
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Plate ◽  
Plate Movement

Bi-Linear Shear Deformable ANCF Shell Element Using Continuum Mechanics Approach

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Yamashita ◽  
Antti I. Valkeapää ◽  
Paramsothy Jayakumar ◽  
Hiroyuki Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Continuum Mechanics ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Shell Element ◽  
Material Point ◽  
Deformation Analysis ◽  
Position Vector ◽  
Normal Strain ◽  
Assumed Strain ◽  
Linear Shear ◽  
Shear Deformable

In this investigation, a bi-linear shear deformable shell element is developed using the absolute nodal coordinate formulation for the large deformation analysis of multibody shell structures. The element consists of four nodes, each of which has the global position coordinates and the gradient coordinates along the thickness introduced for describing the orientation and deformation of the cross section of the shell element. The global position field on the mid-plane and the position vector gradient at a material point in the element are interpolated by bi-linear polynomials. The continuum mechanics approach is used to formulate the generalized elastic forces, allowing for the consideration of nonlinear constitutive models in a straightforward manner. The element locking exhibited in this type of element can be eliminated using the assumed natural strain (ANS) and enhanced assumed strain (EAS) approaches. In particular, the combined ANS and EAS approach is introduced to alleviate the thickness locking arising from the erroneous transverse normal strain distribution. Several numerical examples are presented in order to demonstrate the accuracy and the rate of convergence of numerical solutions obtained by the bi-linear shear deformable ANCF shell element proposed in this investigation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document