scholarly journals Characteristics of Soils Developing from Gabbro, Phyllite and Chert Parent Rock in Karangsambung District

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Ratna Taher ◽  
Makruf Nurudin ◽  
Eko Hanudin
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Parent Rock ◽  
Soil Morphology ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C

Understanding the nature of the soil is very important to know the potential and the proper management of the soil. This study aimed to determine the differences in morphological, physical, and chemical properties of the soils developing from gabbro, phylitte and chert parent materials. The soil profile was made to represent each parent rock of gabbro, phyllite and chert located on the upper and middle slopes with pine-dominated vegetation and mixed gardens. Observation in the field is a professional description to observe soil morphology. Soil samples were taken at each horizon to analyze soil physical properties (bulk density, particle density, and texture), soil chemical properties (pH, exchanged cations, cation exchange capacity, available P, organic C, and total N). Texture analysis results showed that clay content of the soil developing from parent rock of Gabro 1 is the highest, followed by the soil clay content from  Chert 1, Phyllite 1, Chert 2, Phyllite 2, and Gabbro 2, respectively. The order of soil acidity level (pH) is Gabbro 2 > Gabbro 1> Chert 1 ~ Chert 2 > Phyllite 1 ~ Phyllite 2. Meanwhile, the order of the cation exchange capacity is Gabbro 1> Gabbro 2> Phyllite 1> Chert 1> Phyllite 2> Chert 2, and the order of the base saturation is Chert 2> Gabbro 2> Chert 1> Phyllite 2 > Phyllite1> Gabbro 1.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPOST, HUMIC ACID AND PURE FULVATE ON IMPROVEMENT OF ULTISOL SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Resman ◽  
Sahta Ginting ◽  
Muhammad Tufaila ◽  
Fransiscus Suramas Rembon ◽  
Halim
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Humic And Fulvic Acids ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Exchangeable Al

The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of compost containing humic and fulvic acids, and pure humic and fulvic acids in increasing of Ultisol soil chemical properties. The research design used a randomized block design (RBD), consisting of 10 treatments, namely K0: 0 g polybag-1, KO1: 500 g polybag-1, KO2: 500 g polybag-1, KO3: 500 g polybag-1, KO4: 500 g polybag-1, KO5: 500 g polybag-1, KO6: 500 g polybag-1, KO7: 500 g of polybags-1, H: 50 g of polybag-1, A: 500 g polybag-1. Each treatment was repeated three times and obtained 30 treatment units. The results showed that pH H2O (K0: 4.49, KO1: 5.64, KO2: 5.47, KO3: 5.43, KO4: 5.51, KO5: 5.39, KO6: 5.48, KO7: 6.17, H: 5.06, F: 5.15), total-N (%) (K0: 0.13, KO1: 0.17, KO2: 0.18, KO3: 0.30, KO4: 0.25, KO5: 0.24, KO6: 0.29, KO7: 0.36, H: 0.16, F: 0.14), organic-C (%) (K0: 1.85, KO1; 2.30, KO2: 2.24, KO3: 2.33, KO4: 2.62, KO5: 2.25, KO6: 2.27, KO7: 2.95, H: 2.32, F: 2.26) , available-P (%) (K0: 2.75, KO1: 3.24, KO2: 3.16, KO3: 3.27, KO4: 3.57, KO5: 3.31, KO6: 3.37, KO7: 3.89, H: 3.10, F: 3.12), exchangeable-Al (me100g-1) (K0: 2.51, KO1: 2.11, KO2: 2.13, KO3: 2.15, KO4: 1.88, KO5: 2.14, KO6: 2.12, KO7: 1.75, H: 2.16, F: 2.17), base saturation (%) (K0: 30.91, KO1: 63.48, KO2: 52.63, KO3: 53.76, KO4: 56.13, KO5: 54.96, KO6: 56.71, KO7: 65.53, H: 39.11, F: 42.76), cation exchange capacity (me100g-1) (K0: 12.76, KO1: 15.64, KO2: 14.86, KO3: 14.35, KO4: 14.13, KO5: 15.01, KO6: 15.50, KO7: 17.94, H: 14.19, F: 13.73). The combined compost treatment of three types of organic matter (Imperata cylindrica + Rice straw + Glincidia sepium) is more effective in increasing the pH, H2O as 37.42%, total-N as 176.92%, Organic-C as 59.46%, available-P as 41.45%, base saturation as 65.53%, cation exchange capacity as 17.94% and exchangeable -Al, Alreduction as 30.28% of ultisol soil. KEY WORDS: compost, humic acid, fulvate, soil chemical, ultisol

Co-composting of distillery and winery wastes with sewage sludge

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Bustamante ◽  
C. Paredes ◽  
R. Moral ◽  
J. Moreno-Caselles ◽  
M.D. Pérez-Murcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Total Organic C

The winery and distillery wastes (grape stalk and marc (GS and GM, respectively), wine lees (WL) and exhausted grape marc (EGM)) are produced in great amounts in the Mediterranean countries, where their treatment and disposal are becoming an important environmental problem, mainly due to their seasonal character and some characteristics that make their management difficult and which are not optimised yet. Composting is a treatment widely used for organic wastes, which could be a feasible option to treat and recycle the winery and distillery wastes. In this experiment, two different piles (pile 1 and 2) were prepared with mixtures of GS, GM, EG and sewage sludge (SS) and composted in a pilot plant by the Rutgers static pile composting system. Initially, GS, GM and EGM were mixed, the pile 1 being watered with fresh collected vinasse (V). After 17 days, SS was added to both piles as a nitrogen and microorganisms source. During composting, the evolution of temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total organic C, total N, humic acid-like C and fulvic acid-like C contents, C/N ratio, cation exchange capacity and germination index of the mixtures were studied. The addition of V in pile 1 produced higher values of temperature, a greater degradation of the total organic C, higher electrical conductivity values and similar pH values and total N contents than in pile 2. The addition of this effluent also increased the cation exchange capacity and produced a longer persistence of phytotoxicity. However, both piles showed a stabilised organic matter and a reduction of the phytotoxicity at the end of the composting process.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Properties of Soil of Rangapani Tea Estate of Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-688
Author(s):  
M. N. Islam ◽  
A. F. M. Sanaullah
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Topographic Positions

Bangladesh is one of the tea producing countries of the world. It has 163 tea estates. Rangapani is a low yielding tea estate relative to other neighboring tea estates of Chittagong district in Bangladesh. A total 54 soil samples were collected from six different hills and three topographic positions having different depths of Rnagapanni Tea-Estate. Physico-Chemical properties of soils such as active acidity, reserve acidity, cation exchange capacity and clay content of the collected soil samples were determined. The measured parameters of the soil samples were plotted and analyzed with reference to site and topography. The parameters have been found to vary with sampling sites, depths and topography. Active acidity and reserve acidity were very low, with some exceptions compared to the optimum range for tea cultivation. Sand, silt, clay and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were found in reasonable range Keywords:  Soil; Active acidity; Reserve acidity; Cation exchange capacity; Clay content. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi: 10.3329/jsr.v3i3.7503               J. Sci. Res. 3 (3), 683-688 (2011)

scholarly journals Genesis Pedon Tanah yang Berkembang di Atas Batuan Karbonat Wonosari Gunungkidul

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Djoko Mulyanto ◽  
S Subroto P.S. ◽  
Herwin Lukito
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Marly Limestone

The variation of soil color that developed on carbonate rocks which are generally white, very interesting to be studied. The aim of the study is to examine the formation of two pedons of black soil and red soil by hue 10 YR and hue 5 to 2.5 YR which successively developed on marly limestones and calcarenite. Analysis of mineral properties consist of the total minerals of sand fraction, clay fraction and rock powders. Soil chemical properties include: pH, organic C, exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity, CaCO3, the amorphous-crystalline of Fe and Mn, the total of Fe and Mn, the analysis of physical properties is the texture of seven fractions. The results showed that the development of the red soil is much more developed than black soil that shown by intensively decalcification process of red soil that impact on the low of pH, base saturation and cation exchange capacity, whereas the development of black soil is inhibited. The formation of black soil is more inherited of clay bearing marly limestone after carbonate dissolution, whereas the red soil development through rubification and illuviation.

Ratio of plant to soil concentrations of strontium-85 and its relation to properties of Greek soils

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Papanicolaou ◽  
C. G. Apostolakis ◽  
V. Skarlou ◽  
C. Nobeli ◽  
P. Kritidis
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Lower Variability ◽  
Edible Parts

SUMMARYPlant:soil ratios (CRs) of 85Sr concentration were studied in wheat, lucerne, lettuce, radish, string bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), and cucumber grown in pots in eight Greek soil types in a glasshouse pot experiment in 1989.The CRs of the crops and of the plant parts studied differed according to soil type. They ranged from 0·034–1·39 for wheat grains to 7·6–36·5 for cucumber stems and leaves. The CRs of the edible parts were much lower than those of the other plant material.The correlation between CRs and clay content was negative and, in most cases, significant (P = 0·05–0·01) or highly significant (P < 0·01). The negative correlation improved (higher absolute value of r, lower variability) if clay plus silt content or cation exchange capacity was used instead of clay content.The correlation between CRs and soil properties was greatest for soil pH (r = –0·89) and decreased in the order: pH > total clay plus silt ≃ cation exchange capacity > total clay.

scholarly journals Boundary between Soil and Saprolite in Alisols in the South of Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício de Araújo Pedron ◽  
Rodrigo Bomicieli de Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Simão Diniz Dalmolin ◽  
Antonio Carlos de Azevedo ◽  
Ricardo Vargas Kilca
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Rock Structure ◽  
Shallow Soils

Despite numerous studies conducted on the lower limit of soil and its contact with saprolite layers, a great deal of work is left to standardize identification and annotation of these variables in the field. In shallow soils, the appropriately noting these limits or contacts is essential for determining their behavior and potential use. The aims of this study were to identify and define the field contact and/or transition zone between soil and saprolite in profiles of an Alisol derived from fine sandstone and siltstone/claystone in subtropical southern Brazil and to subsequently validate the field observations through a multivariate analysis of laboratory analytical data. In the six Alisol profiles evaluated, the sequence of horizons found was A, Bt, C, and Cr, where C was considered part of the soil due to its pedogenetic structure, and Cr was considered saprolite due to its rock structure. The morphological properties that were determined in the field and that were different between the B and C horizons and the Cr layer were color, structure, texture, and fragments of saprolite. According to the test of means, the properties that support the inclusion of the C horizon as part of the soil are sand, clay, water-dispersible clay, silt/clay ratio, macroporosity, total porosity, resistance to penetration, cation exchange capacity, Fe extracted by DCB, Al, H+Al, and cation exchange capacity of clay. The properties that support the C horizon as a transition zone are silt, Ca, total organic C, and Fe extracted by ammonium oxalate. Discriminant analysis indicated differences among the three horizons evaluated.

Chemical fertility of krasnozems - a review

Soil Research ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015
Author(s):  
PW Moody
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Total N ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Ph Buffer

Krasnozems (Ferrosols) characteristically have high contents of citrate-dithionite extractable Fe and moderate to high contents of clay throughout the profile. They typically have low cation exchange capacity (2-20 cmolc kg-1), high P sorbing ability, and a significant anion exchange capacity at depth. The chemistry of krasnozems is dominated by the variable charge characteristics of the organic matter and the oxy-hydroxides of Fe and Al which occur in the predominantly kaolinitic clay fraction. The effects of surface charge characteristics, organic matter, and extractable iron and aluminium on the cation and anion exchange capacities, P sorbing abilities and pH buffer capacities of Australian krasnozems are reviewed. A selection of reports of nutrient deficiencies and toxicities in these soils is presented and briefly discussed. Published data on the chemical composition of the soil solutions of krasnozems are reviewed. Data from a suite of paired (undeveloped and developed) krasnozem profiles from eastern Australia indicate that exchangeable Ca and Mg, effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC), pH buffer capacity (pHBC) and total N decrease significantly (P < 0.05) in the A horizon following development, while exchangeable K, ECEC and pHBC decrease (P < 0-05) in the B horizon. The decreases in the A horizon are shown to be a direct consequence of the decline in organic matter which occurs following development. Because of the crucial role that organic matter plays in the chemical fertility of krasnozems, they are less likely to maintain their fertility under exploitative conditions than other productive clay soils such as Vertosols. It is concluded that the sustainable use of krasnozems will depend on maintenance or enhancement of organic matter levels, maintenance of surface and subsoil pH by regular application of amendments, minimization of erosion, and replacement of nutrients removed in harvested products.

scholarly journals Eosin Removal by Cetyl Trimethylammonium-Cloisites: Influence of the Surfactant Solution Type and Regeneration Properties

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 3015
Author(s):  
Fethi Kooli ◽  
Souad Rakass ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Mostafa Abboudi ◽  
Hicham Oudghiri Hassani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Surfactant Solution ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Basal Spacing ◽  
Xrd Techniques

The effect of the counteranion of hexadecyltrimethylammonium salts on the physico-chemical properties of organoclays was investigated, using a selected natural clay mineral with a cation exchange capacity of 95 meq/100 g. The uptake amount of C16 cations was dependent on the hexadecyltrimethylammonium (C16) salt solution used, the organoclay prepared from C16Br salt solution exhibited a value of 1. 05 mmole/g higher than those prepared from C16Cl and C16OH salt solutions. The basal spacing of these organoclays was in the range of 1.81 nm to 2.10 nm, indicating a similar orientation of the intercalated surfactants, and could indicated that the excess amount of surfactants, above the cation exchange capacity of 0.95 meq/g could be adsorbed on the external surface of the clay mineral sheets. These organoclays were found to be stable in neutral, acidic, and basic media. The thermal stability of these organoclays was carried out using thermogravimetric analysis and in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The decomposition of the surfactant occurred at a maximum temperature of 240 °C, accompanied with a decrease of the basal spacing value close to 1.42 nm. The application of these organoclays was investigated to remove an acidic dye, eosin. The removal amount was related to the initial used concentrations, the amount of the surfactants contents, and to the preheated temperatures of the organoclays. The removal was found to be endothermic process with a maximum amount of 55 mg of eosin/g of organoclay. The value decreased to 25 mg/g, when the intercalated surfactants were decomposed. The reuse of these organoclays was limited to four regeneration recycles with a reduction of 20 to 30%. However, noticeable reduction between 35% to 50% of the initial efficiency, was achieved after the fifth cycle, depending of the used organoclays.

scholarly journals Influence of brick manufacturing on phosphorus and sulfur in different agro-ecological soils of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Reshma Akter ◽  
Md Jamal Uddin ◽  
Md Faruque Hossain ◽  
Zakia Parveen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Maximum Accumulation ◽  
Brick Kilns ◽  
Total P

A study was carried out to evaluate the effects of brick manufacturing on phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) concentrations in soil and plant collected from different distances of brick kilns in four AEZs of Bangladesh. Forty eight composite soil samples (0 - 15 cm depth) were collected from 48 points in 12 different sites at 0 m, 300 m, 800 m and 1500 m from brick kilns, where most (site 2, site 3, site 5, site 6, site 7, site 9 and site 10) of the brick kilns used coal for brick burning purposes. Plant samples (rice straw and different vegetables) were also collected from the respective fields except 0 m distances. Significantly (p ? 0.05) lower organic matter, cation exchange capacity, clay content and soil pH were found at 0 m distances compared to other distances. Highest concentration of total P in soil were recorded at 0 m distances and these concentrations decreased with increasing distances from the brick kilns in most of the sites; whereas available P is significantly lower at 0 m distances than that of other distances. Total and available concentration of S in soil followed the trend 0 m>300 m>800 m>1500 m. Maximum accumulation of P (69.15 mg kg-1) and S (0.14%) in plant was found at 800 m away from the brick kiln.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 29(2): 123-131, December-2016

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