scholarly journals Underground Leachate Distribution Based on Electrical Resistivity in Piyungan Landfill, Bantul

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Harjito Harjito ◽  
Suntoro Suntoro ◽  
Totok Gunawan ◽  
M. Maskuri
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Landfill Management

Piyungan Landfill is constructed to accommodate the disposal of wastes from Yogyakarta City, Sleman Regency, and Bantul Regency. Overland flow that passes through landfillsand potentially dissolves organic and anorganic materials in a high concentration is referred to as leachate. Leachate is easily transported by overland flow. It can seep through soil or land surface and, then, infiltrate into groundwater, which is commonly accessed through residential wells. Therefore, a study on leachate distribution pattern from landfill to the surrounding area becomes necessary particularly due to the potential of leachate to contaminate the environment via groundwater whose characters are latent and difficult to monitor. This research aims to (1) identify areas that experience groundwater pollution caused by leachate movement, (2) identify the distribution of electrical resistivity in polluted areas as well as the spread direction of leachateto the surrounding area, and (3) to develop a leachate management model. This research uses Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey in order to identify the distribution of electrical resistivity in polluted areas. Groundwater quality analysis is used for validating the interpretation of ERT survey. The spread direction of leachate is identified from stratigraphic Fance model correlated with geologic and hydrologic data. The results show that groundwater contamination has occurred in the research area, as indicated by very low electrical resistivity in aquifer zone, i.e. 3-9 Ωm. Such low electrical resistivity is caused byincreased ions in groundwater as the results of leachate migrating downward into groundwater. The increased ions will trigger an increase in electrical conductivity (EC), i.e. up to 1,284 μmhos/cm, and a decline in electrical resistivity. The leachate spreads westward and northward at a depth of 6-17 m (aquifer) with a thickness of pollution between 4-11 m. The recommended landfill management model, emphasizing on leachate movement, include base lining (liner), leachate collection channel, geomembrane cap, and leachate treatment.

scholarly journals Electrical Resistivity Tomography Techniques for Identifying Groundwater Pollution Due To Leachate flows at Putri Cempo Landfill

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Harjito Harjito ◽  
Suntoro Suntoro ◽  
Totok Gunawan ◽  
M. Maskuri
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Leachate Management ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Landfill developed with open dumping system and below the adequate standard potentially lead to new problems like those found at Putri Cempo Landfill in Surakarta City. They include leachate, which easily flows in runoff, seeps through soil and land surface, and infiltrate into groundwater that supplies the surrounding residential wells. A research on leachate spread pattern from landfills to their surrounding areas thereby becomes necessary particularly in terms of environmental pollution potential from underground, which is latent and difficult to monitor. The aims of this research were (1) to identify the areas that experienced groundwater pollution due to leachate flows, (2) to identify the distribution of resistivity in these areas, and (3) to develop a model for leachate management. This research used Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey for identifying the distribution of resistivity in polluted areas. It also used groundwater quality analysis for validating the interpretation of the ERT survey results. The results of the research showed that there was an anomaly in the subsurface layer. Materials with resistivity values of 0.25-1.20 ohmm were found in various depths within 0-8 m below the surface. These values were much lower than the resistivity of the main materials found at the measurement site, i.e. 4.9-13.1 ohmm. Accordingly, this anomaly signified the existing influence of pollution. The pollution along the geoelectrical sounding line had uneven distribution and centric pattern at several points that indicated the accumulation sites of leachate. The proposed leachate management model included the constructions of base lining (liner), leachate collection channel, geomembrane-composed final cap, and leachate treatment.

scholarly journals The Treatment of Landfill Leachate by Electrocoagulation to Reduce Heavy Metals and Ammonia-Nitrogen

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.11) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhafezah Kasmuri ◽  
Nur Aliah Ahmad Tarmizi ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Aluminium Electrode ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Landfill Management ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Landfill leachate contains high concentration of contaminants in the form of nitrogen, suspended solids and heavy metals, which effects the environment adversely.  Hence leachate treatment is considered vital in landfill management as the effluent needs to undergo several treatments before being discharged into natural water bodies.  Without treatment, the leachate will contaminate the surface and ground water as it can penetrate through soils and subsoils. Several methods have been applied for the treatment of landfill leachate. However, these methods have several constraints due to area required and cost incurred. This paper presents the application of electrocoagulation in removing pollutants from landfill leachate; particularly ammonia-nitrogen and heavy metals.  Three metals namely aluminium, iron and zinc were used as electrodes.  Aluminium electrode was found to be the most effective where it was capable to extract 89% of zinc and 75% of iron in 30-minute retention time.   Subsequently, 93% of zinc and 83% of iron was removed in 120 minutes.  In addition, 93% of ammonia-nitrogen was also removed.   These results led to a conclusion that the electrocoagulation had the capacity to remove heavy metals and ammonia-nitrogen present in landfill leachate.    

scholarly journals Numerical analysis of coupled hydrosystems based on an object-oriented compartment approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Kolditz ◽  
Jens-Olaf Delfs ◽  
Claudius Bürger ◽  
Martin Beinhorn ◽  
Chan-Hee Park
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Shallow Water Equation ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Richards Equation ◽  
Saturated Flow ◽  
Flow Processes

In this paper we present an object-oriented concept for numerical simulation of multi-field problems for coupled hydrosystem analysis. Individual (flow) processes modelled by a particular partial differential equation, i.e. overland flow by the shallow water equation, variably saturated flow by the Richards equation and saturated flow by the groundwater flow equation, are identified with their corresponding hydrologic compartments such as land surface, vadose zone and aquifers, respectively. The object-oriented framework of the compartment approach allows an uncomplicated coupling of these existing flow models. After a brief outline of the underlying mathematical models we focus on the numerical modelling and coupling of overland flow, variably saturated and groundwater flows via exchange flux terms. As each process object is associated with its own spatial discretisation mesh, temporal time-stepping scheme and appropriate numerical solution procedure. Flow processes in hydrosystems are coupled via their compartment (or process domain) boundaries without giving up the computational necessities and optimisations for the numerical solution of each individual process. However, the coupling requires a bridging of different temporal and spatial scales, which is solved here by the integration of fluxes (spatially and temporally). In closing we present three application examples: a benchmark test for overland flow on an infiltrating surface and two case studies – at the Borden site in Canada and the Beerze–Reusel drainage basin in the Netherlands.

scholarly journals Presentation and discussion of the high resolution atmosphere-land surface subsurface simulation dataset of the virtual Neckar catchment for the period 2007–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Schalge ◽  
Gabriele Baroni ◽  
Barbara Haese ◽  
Daniel Erdal ◽  
Gernot Geppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
The Real ◽  
Terrestrial System

Abstract. Coupled numerical models, which simulate water and energy fluxes in the subsurface-land surface-atmosphere system in a physically consistent way are a prerequisite for the analysis and a better understanding of heat and matter exchange fluxes at compartmental boundaries and interdependencies of states across these boundaries. Complete state evolutions generated by such models may be regarded as a proxy of the real world, provided they are run at sufficiently high resolution and incorporate the most important processes. Such a virtual reality can be used to test hypotheses on the functioning of the coupled terrestrial system. Coupled simulation systems, however, face severe problems caused by the vastly different scales of the processes acting in and between the compartments of the terrestrial system, which also hinders comprehensive tests of their realism. We used the Terrestrial Systems Modeling Platform TerrSysMP, which couples the meteorological model COSMO, the land-surface model CLM, and the subsurface model ParFlow, to generate a virtual catchment for a regional terrestrial system mimicking the Neckar catchment in southwest Germany. Simulations for this catchment are made for the period 2007–2015, and at a spatial resolution of 400 m for the land surface and subsurface and 1.1 km for the atmosphere. Among a discussion of modelling challenges, the model performance is evaluated based on real observations covering several variables of the water cycle. We find that the simulated (virtual) catchment behaves in many aspects quite close to observations of the real Neckar catchment, e.g. concerning atmospheric boundary-layer height, precipitation, and runoff. But also discrepancies become apparent, both in the ability of the model to correctly simulate some processes which still need improvement such as overland flow, and in the realism of some observation operators like the satellite based soil moisture sensors. The whole raw dataset is available for interested users. The dataset described here is available via the CERA database (Schalge et al., 2020): https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/Neckar_VCS_v1.

scholarly journals Dynamics of human-induced lakes and their impact on land surface temperature in Toshka Depression, Western Desert, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha Abou Samra
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Western Desert ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Land Use Land Cover

Abstract Land surface temperature (LST) is a significant environmental variable that is appreciably influenced by land use /land cover changes. The main goal of this research was to quantify the impacts of land use/land cover change (LULC) from the drying of Toshka Lakes on LST by remote sensing and GIS techniques. Landsat series TM and OLI satellite images were used to estimate LST from 2001 to 2019. Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI) was applied to extract water bodies from the research area. Optimized Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (OSAVI) was utilized to predict the reclaimed land in the Toshka region until 2019. The results indicated a decrease in the lakes by about 1517.79 km2 with an average increase in LST by about 25.02 °C between 2001 and 2019. It was observed that the dried areas of the lakes were converted to bare soil and are covered by salt crusts. The results indicated that the land use change was a significant driver for the increased LST. The mean annual LST increased considerably by 0.6 °C/y between 2001 and 2019. A strong negative correlation between LST and Toshka Lakes area (R-square = 0.98) estimated from regression analysis implied that Toshka Lakes drying considerably affected the microclimate of the study area. Severe drought conditions, soil degradation, and many environmental issues were predicted due to the rise of LST in the research area. There is an urgent need to develop favorable strategies for sustainable environmental management in the Toshka region.

scholarly journals Improvement and Impacts of Forest Canopy Parameters on Noah-MP Land Surface Model from UAV-Based Photogrammetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4120
Author(s):  
Ming Chang ◽  
Shengjie Zhu ◽  
Jiachen Cao ◽  
Bingyin Chen ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Underlying Surface ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Parameter Distribution ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Ecosystem Research

Taking a typical forest’s underlying surface as our research area, in this study, we employed unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry to explore more accurate canopy parameters including the tree height and canopy radius, which were used to improve the Noah-MP land surface model, which was conducted in the Dinghushan Forest Ecosystem Research Station (CN-Din). While the canopy radius was fitted as a Burr distribution, the canopy height of the CN-Din forest followed a Weibull distribution. Then, the canopy parameter distribution was obtained, and we improved the look-up table values of the Noah-MP land surface model. It was found that the influence on the simulation of the energy fluxes could not be negligible, and the main influence of these canopy parameters was on the latent heat flux, which could decrease up to −11% in the midday while increasing up to 15% in the nighttime. Additionally, this work indicated that the description of the canopy characteristics for the land surface model should be improved to accurately represent the heterogeneity of the underlying surface.

Nanofiltration applied to the landfill leachate treatment and preliminary cost estimation

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1119-1128
Author(s):  
Ronei de Almeida ◽  
Jarina Maria de Souza Couto ◽  
Rosana Mauricio Gouvea ◽  
Fábio de Almeida Oroski ◽  
Daniele Maia Bila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Physicochemical Process ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Initial Membrane ◽  
Volume Unit ◽  
Landfill Management

The leachate treatment by nanofiltration (NF) process has received much attention over the last two decades. Previous studies focused on the investigation of the technical feasibility of NF. However, there are a limited number of works that examined leachate treatment costs. On the other hand, in a landfill management system, the economic component is an imperative factor for the decisions of all operations. Thereby, this work aimed to investigate the technical feasibility and economic parameters involved in a full-scale NF plant for the treatment of leachate previously treated by the physicochemical process. The average quality of the pre-treated leachate was 2258 ± 230 mg L−1 chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 821 ± 86 mg L−1 humic substances (HS). NF was performed using a bench-scale filtration module with commercial polymeric membranes SR100 and NP030. At the end of each filtration, a cleaning protocol was applied to recover the initial membrane permeability. The concentration of recalcitrant compounds, expressed as HS, was reduced to 84 ± 8 mg L−1 in the permeate, and COD complies with the wastewater discharge standards imposed by local legislation. The capital costs for a full-scale NF was estimated at MUS$ 0.772, and specific total cost, treated leachate per volume unit, has been estimated at US$ 8.26 m−3.

Development of magnetic nano-geocomposite for groundwater and leachate treatment: A Landfill Management Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Pradhan ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Landfill Management ◽  
Physical And Chemical

<ul>Landfill leachate, a highly contaminated percolating effluent can cause a considerable threat to human as well as environmental health. We developed a novel nano composite using the polymer encapsulated magnetic geopolymer for efficient removal of multi contaminants (As, Zn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, F, NO 3 - , and PO 4 3- ) present in the landfill leachate and groundwater of the Pirana solid waste dumping site, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. A series of batch and column sorption experiments were carried out to find the best-operating conditions for optimum removal efficiency. Results revealed that in the range of 50-60% of multi-contaminant removal is possible using the newly developed adsorbent which has high surface area as well as mixed functional groups for the removal of both cationic (Zn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, and Pb) and anionic (F, NO 3 - , and PO 4 3- ) contaminants present in the leachate. Batch study shows that both physical and chemical sorption are equally operational and multilayer removal following the Freundlich isotherms predominantly. The batch test mimics the equilibrium condition only. The study recommends column study under different follow conditions using leachate and groundwater, followed by a regeneration study for its reusability and development of the field implementation schemes. The future research is required to address the decontamination of emerging contaminants like pharmaceuticals, pesticides and fertilizers, industrial additives and antibacterial agents.</ul>

scholarly journals Spreading of Groundwater Contamined by Leached in the Surrounding Area of Piyungan Landfill Bantul District, Yogyakarta Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
J Sartohadi ◽  
M Widyastuti ◽  
I. Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Grid Sampling ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Standard Quality ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The objectives of this research are: (1) to study the characteristics of aquifer, distribution and chemical types of groundwater in the research area; (2) to measure the consentration of major elements (HC03-, Cl-, S042-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+) and minor elements (S2-, NH4+) as indicators of leached contamination in the groundwater; and (3) to establish the spreading of contamined groundwater by leached. The grid sampling method was applied in this research. The grid dimension is 1 cm x 1 cm measured in the 1:25000 scale of Indonesian Topographic Map. The groundwater samples were taken randomly within the grid. Not the whole study area covered by the map was grided but only the surrounding area of Piyungan Landfill and the area lower than Piyungan landfill were grided. The groundwater samples were taken during the rainy season because during the rainy season there were more leached produced from Piyungan Landfill. The groundwater samples were examined their physical and chemical qualities using the legal standard quality in Yogyakarta Province. Spatial analysis using maps and graphics were applied to examine the spreading of contimined groundwater by leached. The spreading of unconfined groundwater in the study area was not equal distributed but it seems to be controlled by the landforms. There were an increasing elements content of Cl-, Ca2+, Mg2+ and HCO3-, as well as dissolved oxygen, NO3- and S2- in the groundwater contamined by leached. The zonation of the spreading of groundwater contamined by leached was categorized into three class, i.e., central (location of landfill, well number 1 0), transisional (well number: 11, 12, 13, 15), and primary (well number: 8, 14, 16, 17, 25, 26) zones. The zonation of groundwater matched with the analysis of groundwater quality by the distance from the Piyungan Landfill.

scholarly journals Hydromorphology of the Unconfined Groundwater in the South of Klaten District (Data Before Earthquake Mei 27th 2006)

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Langgeng Wahyu Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Alluvial Plain ◽  
Type I ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Groundwater Resources Management ◽  
Hydrochemical Type

There are some characteristics and distributions of unconfined groundwater variation in the research area. Those are related to a system of water supply and consumptive use for drinking water. Variation of the groundwater characteristic depends on variation of morphology. Therefore, it is needed to delineate hydromorphology units of the regions as a base on groundwater resources management, especially for drinking water. The aims of the research are: (1) to study of the characteristic and distribution of unconfined groundwater variations base on landform units, (2) to study the factors that affect such variations, and (3) to establish the hydromorphology units of the regions for groundwater resources management, especially for drinking water. The method used in this research is landform approach and field survey. The sampling method is stratified sampling, based on landform as the analysis approach. Result of the research shows that there are some variations of groundwater characteristic at each landform. Landforms which have good groundwater characteristic are Hydromorphology Unit of Fluvio Volcanic Plain of Young Merapi (except Bayat region) and Hydromorphology Unit of Volcanic Foot Plain of Young Merapi. At those units, there are good quality of groundwater, bicarbonate water (hydrochemical type I), having low electric conductivity, shallow of water table, low in fluctuation, and middle to fast class in aquifer permeability. Those units are the most potential unconfined groundwater resources management for drinking water. The units which have poor groundwater characteristic are Hidromorphology Unit in Bayat Region, including Undulating Alluvial Plain, Fluvio Volcanic Plain of Young Merapi, and Swamp Alluvial Plain. Generally, the groundwater quality is medium to poor, the hydrochemical type is Va (initiation process of connate water) and type III (evaporate water), shallow up to medium of water table, and low to middle class of aquifer permeability. The taste of groundwater is brackish to saline with high concentration of chloride.

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