scholarly journals Pengaruh puasa intermiten 5:2 terhadap kadar malondialdehida pada karyawan pria dewasa dengan obesitas

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Karima Yudhistina ◽  
Erfi Prafiantini ◽  
Novi Silvia Hardiany
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
The Body ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Radical Product ◽  
Difference Formula

Effect of intermittent fasting 5:2 on plasma malondialdehyde levels in adult male employees with obesityBackground: Obesity is a major risk factor for various non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In obesity, the free radical product will be produced, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) which plays a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Intermittent fasting (IF) is an alternative way to reduce free radical levels in the body therefore it can prevent complications of obesity. However, the effect of IF on MDA level in an obese adult male in Jakarta has not been reported.Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of IF on malondialdehyde levels in adult male employees with obesity in Jakarta.Methods: This study used a randomized controlled clinical trial. The subjects were men aged 19-59 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, divided into fasting and control groups, each group consists of 25 subjects. Intermittent fasting 5:2 is calorie restriction up to 20-25% was done every Monday and Thursday, and not allowed to eat and drink during 14 hours of fasting. Before the intervention, both groups were given education about balanced nutrition. Association of intermittent fasting with MDA and catalase was analyzed by means of difference formula with a significance limit of 5%.Results: MDA levels post-intervention significantly decreased compared to the pre-intervention both in the fasting group [1,3(0,9-2) nmol/mL to 0,4(0,3-0,6) nmol/mL] and in the control groups [1,4(0,9-1,9) nmol/mL to 0,5(0,3-0,7) nmol/mL]. MDA level post-intervention in the fasting group was significantly lower (p<0,05) compared to the control group.Conclusions: Intermittent fasting 5:2 during 8 weeks can decrease MDA levels in adult males with obesity in Jakarta.

scholarly journals 2031. Impact of Education and Antibiotic Guidelines on Dispensing Antibiotics with Community Pharmacists in a Low- and Middle-Income Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S682-S682
Author(s):  
Smitha Gudipati ◽  
Deepak Bajracharya ◽  
Lenjana Jimee ◽  
Gina Maki ◽  
Marcus Zervos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Educational Assessment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
And Control ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Non-prescription use of antibiotics in low- and middle-income countries has contributed to significant antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Henry Ford Health System has partnered with multinational organizations in Nepal to address the need for increasing awareness of AMR and implementation of effective antimicrobial stewardship. This partnership confirmed the importance of increasing knowledge and awareness regarding AMR and antibiotic use to community pharmacists. The present pilot study assessed if outpatient antibiotic dispensing guidelines given to community pharmacists could result in a reduction of unneeded antibiotic use. Methods Nine community pharmacies from Kathmandu were selected of which two were used as controls. Seven pharmacists were educated on the appropriate use of antibiotics, and outpatient dispensing before and after guidelines at all pharmacies were evaluated. The pharmacists were given guidelines on antibiotic use and duration needed for common bacterial infections encountered. Controls were not given guidelines. At baseline and post-intervention (1 week), pill counts were performed of the top six antibiotics that were dispensed by the pharmacist. Pharmacists were requested to keep a log of how many antibiotics were dispensed for one week. The pharmacists also were requested to fill out a post-intervention educational assessment to evaluate retention. Results Pill count pre-intervention was 15,856 and 1512 and post-intervention was 11,168 and 1,440 in the intervention and control groups respectively (Table 1). A post-intervention educational assessment revealed that both the intervention and control groups believed antibiotics can treat viruses (57% vs. 50%) and that antibiotics do not kill good bacteria that protect the body from infection (57% vs. 50%) (Table 2). Conclusion There was no difference in the dispensing of antibiotics between pre- and post-intervention. The findings of this study show significant room for improvement in continuing education about antibiotic use in outpatient pharmacies. Further studies are needed to target outpatient antibiotic dispensing with education and identifying economic or other incentives in hopes of reducing the burden of AMR in low- and middle-income countries. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Challenges and results of a school-based intervention to manage excess weight among school children in Tunisia 2012–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihen Maatoug ◽  
Sihem Ben Fredj ◽  
Zeineb Msakni ◽  
Emna Dendana ◽  
Jihene Sahli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
The Body ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Obesity is a serious health issue and predisposes individuals to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence in children has increased worldwide. Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of a school-based management program based on healthy lifestyle promotion for obese and overweight adolescents in Sousse, Tunisia. Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study among overweight and obese school children enrolled in 7th and 8th grades in Sousse, Tunisia with two groups, intervention and control. The 1-year intervention was based on promoting healthy eating and physical activity through a collective intervention for all recruited children and an individual intervention only for obese children who require intensive managing. Data collection was done before, at the end and at a 4-month follow up of the intervention, both in intervention and control groups. Results: The body mass index Z score decreased significantly from pre-intervention to post-intervention (1.89±0.57 to 1.76±0.63, p<0.001) and from post-intervention to the follow-up (1.76±0.63 to 1.55±0.68, p<0.001) in the intervention group. In the control group, it decreased significantly from pre-intervention to post-intervention but not significantly from post-intervention to follow-up assessment. Calorie intake decreased significantly both in intervention and control groups. Conclusion: This project began with introducing a new culture of health management in schools on one side and with increasing awareness of the importance of obesity prevention and treatment. The support of authorities for this type of action is very important to guarantee its sustainability.

scholarly journals THE SALTY TASTE THRESHOLD AND TONGUE CLEANING HABITS IN HEALTHY YOUNG ADULT MALE SMOKERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Marcella Bt Mohamad Azlin ◽  
Erna Herawati ◽  
Nanan Nur'aeny
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Taste Threshold ◽  
Healthy Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Male ◽  
Salty Taste ◽  
Tongue Cleaning

Introduction: Smoking has adverse effects on the body such as various types of cancer, coronary heart diseases, stroke, peripheral vascular diseases, and oral changes including decreased taste sensation. There have been many studies on the effects of smoking on taste threshold, but specific studies in a group of young adult males and data on the frequency of tongue cleaning habits have not been reported. This study aims to determine the salty taste threshold and tongue cleaning habits in healthy young adult male smokers. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, and the subjects were taken by consecutive sampling. The criteria for the subjects were healthy males, aged 18-24 years old, who had a habit of smoking 10 cigarettes or more per day and had smoked for more than 1 year. A questionnaire was conducted including data on tongue cleaning habits before measuring the salt taste threshold using various concentrations of sodium chloride solution which are 0,012M, 0,014M, and 0,016M. Introduction: Smoking has adverse effects on the body such as various types of cancer, coronary heart diseases, stroke, peripheral vascular diseases, and oral changes including decreased taste sensation. There have been many studies on the effects of smoking on taste threshold, but specific studies in a group of young adult males and data on the frequency of tongue cleaning habits have not been reported. This study aims to determine the salty taste threshold and tongue cleaning habits in healthy young adult male smokers. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, and the subjects were taken by consecutive sampling. The criteria for the subjects were healthy males, aged 18-24 years old, who had a habit of smoking 10 cigarettes or more per day and had smoked for more than 1 year. A questionnaire was conducted including data on tongue cleaning habits before measuring the salt taste threshold using various concentrations of sodium chloride solution which are 0,012M, 0,014M, and 0,016M.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Foot Height, Length, Breadth and Types between Santhals and Bangalees of Pirganj, Rangpur

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Afruza Bulbul Akhter ◽  
Selina Anwar ◽  
Anjum Ara Begum ◽  
Khalilur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Shock Absorption ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Functional Components

Context: The structural and functional components of the foot are composed of highly refined interrelated segments which provide a stable base for supporting the body in both load support and shock absorption during standing, running, walking and jumping. The study was aimed to measure the foot of adult Santhal males of Pirganj upazilla, Rangpur to find out to racial characteristics of their own and compare with Bangalee adult males of the same area. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 60 (sixty) adult male Santhals and 120 (one hundred and twenty) adult male Bangalees. Foot length, foot breadth and foot height was measured. Foot index was calculated and foot shape was determined. Results: Height, length and breadth of foot were higher in Bangalees than Santhals and showed a significantly higher value for the foot length. Regarding the foot shape, slender foot was found more in Bangalees but most of these two groups have standard foot shape. Conclusion: In the present study significantly higher value of foot length and higher percentage of slender foot in Bangalees but higher percentage of broad foot among the Santhals were found . Slender foot in Bangalees may be due to less weight bearing habit than Santhals. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i1.20506 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2013, Vol. 11 No. 1 pp 30-33

scholarly journals Comparison of the Stature and Lower Limb Segment Lengths between Santhals and Banglalees of Pirganj, Rangpur

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Afruza Bulbul Akhter ◽  
Selina Anwar ◽  
Anjum Ara Begum ◽  
Khalilur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Limb Segment

Context: The relationship between height and long bone differs according to race, age, sex and size of the body. Anthropometric studies of bones convey information regarding race, sex, age and stature of a person. This information is of immense interest to the anatomist in the academic field as well as medico legal work. Climates, heredity, nutritional status of population are reported to have an effect on stature and length of long bones. The study was aimed at to the anthropometric measurement of stature and length of different segments of lower limb of adult Santhal males of Pirganj upazilla, Rangpur to find out any racial characteristics of their own and compared with Bangalee adult males of the same area to find out any racial variations between these two groups of populations. Materials and Methods: Stature is the standing height of a person. The study was done on 60 adult male Santhals and 120 adult male Bangalees. Measurements stature and different lower limb segment length (upper leg segment length, lower leg segment length, leg segment length) was done. Results :It was seen from the result of the present study that though height and upper leg segment length was higher in Bangalees than the Santhals, the lower leg segment length and leg segment length was significantly higher in the Bangalee males than the Santhals. Conclusion: The present study shows that the lower leg segment length and leg segment length was significantly higher in the Bangalee males than Santhals due to nutritional deficiency. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i2.20674 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, July 2013, Vol. 11 No. 2 pp 71-76

HAPTEN-RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF PLASMA OESTRADIOL

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doerr
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Reagent Blank ◽  
Keyhole Limpet Haemocyanin ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Assay Precision ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol

ABSTRACT A hapten-radioimmunoassay for plasma oestradiol is described and information about the reliability of the method is given in detail. Oestradiol-3-hemisuccinate coupled to keyhole limpet haemocyanin is used for immunization of rabbits. The antiserum utilized for the assay is characterized by its titer, affinity and specificity. Following ether extraction and NaOH-light petroleum partition oestradiol is separated from crossreacting oestrogens by TLC. Oxidation of oestradiol on the plate is prevented by mercaptoethanol. To separate free and antibody bound ligand 250 μg dextran-coated charcoal per tube is used in the presence of bovine serum gammaglobulin (1 mg/ml). The between-assay precision based on 15 different determinations of control samples from normal adult male plasma was 9.4% (C. V.). The mean reagent blank value of 31 determinations was equivalent to 0.3 pg oestradiol and the detection limit in terms of the 99% confidence limit for a single blank value, was equivalent to 4.3 pg oestradiol. A procedure for detecting plasma blanks is described. Plasma oestradiol is separated from approximately all concomitant substances originally present in the sample by enzymatic conversion into oestrone and a second TLC. No plasma blanks could be detected with respect to normal adult male plasma. Normal values for adult males based on 51 subjects were characterized by a median of 17.2 pg/ml and the 95 percentiles of 9.5–27.6.

Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
V. N. Peskov ◽  
N. A. Petrenko ◽  
V. Yu. Reminnyi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.

Gender differences in biochemical measurement reflecting the state of free-radical oxidation and antioxidant protection among workers in metallurgical production

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 877-881
Author(s):  
I. A. Umnyagina ◽  
L. A. Strakhova ◽  
T. V. Blinova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Production Factors

Introduction. To date, age and sex differences have been established for many biochemical parameters. Gender differences in indicators for systems such as antioxidant, thiol-disulfide, oxidative stress and inflammation systems are absent or under study.The aim of the study was to identify gender differences in biochemical parameters reflecting the functioning of antioxidant systems of the body and free radical oxidation in workers of metallurgical production, in contact with harmful production factors.Materials and methods. The blood of men and women working at the metallurgical enterprise of the Nizhny Novgorod region (n=80) under the influence of a complex of physical and chemical production factors was studied. Total oxidative stress, total antioxidant capacity of serum, glutathione levels were studied by photometric biochemical methods. Levels of C-reactive protein and 8-hydroxy–2-deoxyguanosine were studied by ELISA.Results. The average amount of peroxides in the serum of women exceeded 1.6 times this figure in men. In the group of men, the content of 8-Ondg was higher by 26% (p=0.012), the level of GS-by 12% (p=0.019), the activity of SOD — by 1.5–2 times (p=0.0001), the level of CRP — by 2 times (p=0.008) compared to similar indicators in women.Conclusions. Studies of gender differences in workers under the influence of harmful production factors will allow more effective approach to the etiology, treatment and prognosis of production-related diseases. Indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant protection can be indicators of the health of workers under the influence of harmful industrial factors and be important in the prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress.

Bonobo baby dominance: Did female defense of offspring lead to reduced male aggression?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Walker ◽  
Brian Hare
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Social System ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Potential Solution ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Male Aggression ◽  
Dominance Style ◽  
The Social ◽  
Initial Support

The dominance style of bonobos presents an evolutionary puzzle. Bonobos are not male dominant but female bonobos do not show traits typical of female-dominant species. This chapter proposes the offspring dominance hypothesis (ODH) as a potential solution. ODH suggests the social system of bonobos evolved as a defence against infanticide and is not due to pressure to monopolize resources. Females that prevented aggression towards offspring and preferred mating with less aggressive males were most successful. Supporting ODH, during observations at Lola ya Bonobo Sanctuary it was found that: 1) adult male bonobos are rarely aggressive towards offspring with mothers, 2) some mother-reared juvenile bonobos attain rank higher than adult males and 3) mother-reared offspring often socially interact with adult males without their mothers nearby. These preliminary findings provide initial support that the bonobo social system evolved due to fitness advantages of effectively protecting offspring against consequences of male aggression. Le style de dominance des bonobos présente un puzzle évolutionnaire. Les bonobos ne sont pas dominés par les mâles mais les bonobos femelles ne montrent pas les traits caractéristiques d’une espèce dominée par femelles. On propose l’hypothèse de dominance de progéniture (ODH) comme une solution potentielle. La ODH suggère que le système social des bonobos a évolué en défense contre l’infanticide et pas sous pression pour la monopolisation des ressources. Les femelles qui préviennent l’agression vers leur progéniture et leur préférence d’accouplement avec des mâles moins agressives étaient très efficaces. À l’appui de la ODH on a trouvé pendant nos observations à Lola ya Bonobo Sanctuary que: 1) les mâles adultes bonobos agressent rarement vers les bébés avec mères, 2) quelques adolescents bonobos qui furent élevés par leurs mères atteignent un rang plus haut que les mâles adultes et 3) la progéniture élevée par la mère interagissent avec avec d’adultes mâles sans la présence de leur mère. Ces trouvailles préliminaires donnent appuie à l’hypothèse que le système social des bonobos a évolué par les avantages corporelles de la protection de la progéniture contre les conséquences de l’agression mâle.

scholarly journals Ileal transposition helps to regulate plasma hepatokine levels in obese Zucker (Crl:ZUC(ORL)-Leprfa) rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Stygar ◽  
Tomasz Sawczyn ◽  
Agnieszka Dulska ◽  
Elżbieta Chełmecka ◽  
Łukasz Mielańczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Ileal Transposition ◽  
Sham Surgery

AbstractWe studied the long-term effect of ileal transposition (IT) metabolic surgery on the hepatokines: retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP4), α-2-HS-glycoprotein (aHSG/fetuin-A), and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma levels, glucose metabolism, body weight, liver histology, as well as total lipids concentration in muscle, liver, and fat tissue of obese Zucker (Crl:ZUC(ORL)-Leprfa) rats. 14 adult males were randomly submitted either to IT or SHAM (control) surgery. Pre-operative hepatokines plasma levels were not significantly different in rats submitted to IT or SHAM protocol. Three months after the procedures the plasma levels of RBP4, aHSG, FGF21, and CRP were significantly lower in IT-operated animals when compared to SHAM-operated group. Three and 12 weeks after the IT and SHAM surgery, the AUCOGTT were significantly lower than AUCOGTT before the surgery. HOMA-IR was lower in rats after IT surgery in comparison to the SHAM-operated rats. Muscle and liver total lipids concentration was reduced after the IT procedure when compared to pre-IT conditions. IT had a significant reductive impact on the body weight in comparison to SHAM surgery in the 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th week after the surgery. We conclude that IT reduces hepatokines’ plasma concentrations, muscle and liver total lipids concentration but not the inflammatory processes in the liver of Zucker (Crl:ZUC(ORL)-Leprfa) rats.

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