scholarly journals Pemodelan dan Verifikasi Formal Pengaruh Mobility pattern Terhadap Handoff Latency pada Jaringan WiMAX

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
I Nym Saputra Wahyu Wijaya ◽  
Reza Pulungan
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Formal Verification ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Probabilistic Model Checking ◽  
Mobility Pattern ◽  
Scanning Method ◽  
Handoff Latency ◽  
Hard Handover ◽  
Handover Scheme

           In order to decrease handoff latency and increase the successful of HHO conventional scheme, a development of handover scheme is done in standard protocol WiMAX IEEE 802.16e by adding mobility pattern. The superiority of handover scheme with mobility pattern can reduce handoff latency up to 50%, mean while the weakness of this scheme is a wrong act in determining target base station are often happen. Simulation can not showing the cause of that error. So, we do formal verification in to hard handover model with mobility pattern.            In this research, behaviour system is modeled with continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC). The model is foccused to aproximating the influence of mobility pattern in to handoff latency from WiMAX hard handover mechanism. In order to set up a series markov chain models handover system can follow steps, such as: represents the state space, give a number in all transitions, generate the rate transition matrix (infinitesimal generator).            Probabilistic model checking in the research are using quantitative properties and qualitative properties. Formal verification concerning properties has relation with handover in WiMAX network showing that 70% from mobile station which doing scanning with mobility pattern are success doing handover. 24% of them doing scanning conventional as a result of wrongness in act determining target base station, so handoff latency which is pictured will bigger than a system that is only use conventional scanning method.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kinerja QoS Untuk Layanan VoIP Berdasarkan Jarak Dari Base Station Pada Jaringan WiMAX

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murhaban Murhaban ◽  
Muhammad Bilai ◽  
Muhammad Nurtanzia Sutoyo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Internet Protocol ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Voice Over Ip ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Voice Over Internet Protocol ◽  
Soft Handover ◽  
Jitter Delay ◽  
Hard Handover

Metode Handover digunakan untuk mempertahankan koneksi tetap terjaga. Hal tersebut berkaitan dengan performansi dikarenakan proses pengalihan kanal trafik secara otomatis pada mobile station untuk berkomunikasi tanpa terjadinya pemutusan hubungan. Faktor utama keberhasilan dalam melakukan handover terletak pada quality of service yang menyediakan tingkat jaminan layanan berbeda-beda dalam mengatur dan memberikan prioritas trafik pada jaringan seperti aplikasi voice over IP (VoIP) atau komunikasi voice memanfaatkan jaringan internet dalam permasalahan berdasarkan jarak base station.. Berdasarkan pengujian yang dilakukan untuk metode hard handover dan metode soft handover berdasarkan jarak base station menggunakan aplikasi voice over internet protocol pada mobile station. Diperoleh hasil dengan  nilai jitter 0.015 ms – 0.21 ms, dan hasil delay 35.5 ms – 45.8 ms hal tersebut membuktikan bahwa pengaruh jitter dan delay terhadap handover dengan aplikasi VoIP masih dalam tahapan toleransi yang diizinka. Dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini jarak antara satu base station dengan station lainnya sangat berpengaruh untuk mendapatkan kulaitas layanan yang lebih baik. Kata Kunci : Handover, Jitter, Delay, VoIP, Quality of Service

A review on mmWave based energy efficient RoF system for next generation mobile communication and broadband systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shelly Singla ◽  
Varun Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Electrical Signal ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Efficient System

Abstract In today’s scenario, wireless communication is turning into a decisive and leading backbone to access the worldwide network. Therefore, the usage of mobile phones and broadband is rising staggeringly. To satisfy their expulsive needs, it demands increment in data rates while providing higher bandwidth and utilizing optical fiber in wireless communication, and this becomes a worldwide analysis area. Radio over fiber (RoF) system is taken into account as best solution to fulfill these needs. In RoF system, the radio frequency signal operated at millimeter wave (30–300 GHz) is centralized and processed at control station (CS) and also, the CS upconverts this electrical signal to optical domain. By employing optical fiber link, this signal reaches to base station (BS). Then, the received optical signal converts back to electrical domain at the respective BS. Now BS radiates the electrical signal to corresponding mobile station (MS) in commission with the millimeter wave frequency bands. This RoF system is providing massive bandwidth, facilitating large mobility for RF frequency signals, small loss, fast and cost effective setup, wonderful security, and unlicensed spectrum etc. The RoF system introduces microcells structure for BS cells to boost the frequency reuse and needed capacity. It has benefits in terms of ability to fulfill increasing bandwidth demands to cut back the power consumption and the dimensions of the handset devices. This paper firstly explains the overview of existing wireless mobile communication and broadband systems and then, targets the review of RoF system which will become energy efficient system for next generation mobile communication and future broadband systems. This paper also includes the performance degradation and evaluation parameters. Finally, this paper presents the various research opportunities for its implementation zone.

scholarly journals Multi-Backup Beams for Instantaneous Link Recovery in mmWave Communications

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Aldalbahi
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Main Beam ◽  
Spatial Direction ◽  
Multiple Beams ◽  
Beamformer Design ◽  
Recovery Scheme ◽  
Recovery Times ◽  
Millimeter Wave Communications

In this paper, a novel link recover scheme is proposed for standalone (SA) millimeter wave communications. Once the main beam between the base station (BS) and the mobile station (MS) is blocked, then a bundle-beam is radiated that covers the spatial direction of the blocked beam. These beams are generated from an analog beamformer design that is composed of parallel adjacent antenna arrays to radiate multiple simultaneous beams, thus creating an analog beamformer of multiple beams. The proposed recovery scheme features instantaneous recovery times, without the need for beam scanning to search for alternative beam directions. Hence, the scheme features reduced recovery times and latencies, as opposed to existing methods.

scholarly journals Design and Verification of Secure Mutual Authentication Protocols for Mobile Multihop Relay WiMAX Networks against Rogue Base/Relay Stations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Huang ◽  
Chin-Tser Huang
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Mutual Authentication ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Authentication Protocols ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Replay Attack ◽  
Wimax Networks ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Formal Tool

Mobile multihop relay (MMR) WiMAX networks have attracted lots of interest in the wireless communication industry recently because of its scalable coverage, improved data rates, and relatively low cost. However, security of MMR WiMAX networks is the main challenge to be addressed. In this paper, we first identify several possible attacks on MMR WiMAX networks in which a rogue base station (BS) or relay station (RS) can get authenticated and gain control over the connections and show that the current standard does not address this problem well. We then propose a set of new authentication protocols for protecting MMR WiMAX networks from rogue BS attack, rogue RS attack, and suppress-replay attack. Our protocols can provide centralized authentication by using a trusted authentication server to support mutual authentication between RS and BS, between RS and RS, and between mobile station (MS) and RS. Moreover, our protocols can also provide distributed authentication with a license issued by the trusted server. We use a formal tool called Scyther to analyze and verify the security properties of our protocols. The results show that our protocols can counter rogue BS and RS attacks and suppress-replay attack and are not susceptible to any known attacks.

scholarly journals Cell ID and Angle of Departure Estimation for Millimeter-wave Cellular Systems in Line-of-Sight Dominant Conditions Using Zadoff-Chu Sequence Based Beam Weight

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong Jun Kim ◽  
Yong Soo Cho
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
High Attenuation ◽  
Conventional Methods ◽  
Dominant Condition

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) bands is considered for fifth-generation (5G) cellular systems because abundant spectrum is available for mobile broadband communications. In mmWave communication systems, accurate beamforming is important to compensate for high attenuation in the mmWave frequency band and to extend the transmission range. However, with the existing beamformers in mmWave cellular systems, the mobile station (MS) cannot identify the source (base station; BS) of the received beam because there are many neighboring BSs transmitting their training signals, requiring a large overhead. This paper proposes a new beam weight generation method for transmitting (Tx) beamformers at the BS in mmWave cellular systems during a beam training period. Beam weights are generated for Tx beamformers at neighboring BSs, so that a mobile station (MS) can estimate the source (cell ID; CID) and angle of departure (AoD) for each BS in multi-cell environments. A CID and AoD estimation method for mmWave cellular systems in a line-of-sight (LOS) dominant condition is presented using the beam weights generated by Zadoff-Chu sequence. A simulation is conducted in a LOS dominant condition to show that the performances of CID detection and AoD estimation are similar for both the proposed and conventional methods. In the conventional methods, the DFT-based beamforming weight is used for Tx beamformer at the BS and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm is used for AoD estimation at the MS. The proposed method significantly reduces the processing time (1.6–6.25%) required for beam training compared to the conventional method.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Reduced Handoff Interruption Time and Energy Utilization in Cognitive Radio Networks by Unmanned Area Vehicle

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9483-9486
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Handover Management ◽  
Management Algorithm

The WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability Microwave Access) is important in communication systems. Mobility is also important in WiMax to achieve high speed in data exchange over the medium. During the exchange of data handoff may be occurred.This paper is focused on handoff in WiMAX and MS (Mobile Station). The Handover Management Algorithm is used to avoid handoff in addition to improve the handover interruption time and to decrease the signaling transaction during the handover procedure we used Global Position System (GPS) to perform handoff faster. GPS has been introduced in this paper to find the position of the MS and BS then the MS will automatically choose BS by routing. We developed a new algorithm to improve the handoff interruption by introducing Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA).The MS finds its position using GPS and find the distance to the SBS (Source Base Station) and nearby BSs. In the next step,MS selects the target BS based on distance. Moreover we combine Handover Management Algorithm (HMA) with Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) for which are the way out for the trouble of underutilizing the license spectrum for which there are more needs in the final pair of decades. The congestion of the wireless spectrum has triggered a stringent contest for panic network resources.

scholarly journals An Efficient Cell Selection Approach in 4G Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Abul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Solution ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Cell Selection ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
4G Networks ◽  
Lte Advanced ◽  
Ieee 802.16M ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Better Than

The cell selection mechanism that provides services to each mobile station is referred to as cell selection. For maximizing the current and future of cellular networks, it is necessary to optimize the process. The OFDMA-based systems are LTE-Advanced and IEEE 802.16m for satisfying the mobile station minimum demand by having one or more base station simultaneously. The problem is considered as the optimization problem and defines the problem as it is not considered as NP-hard and also not possible for approximation with a reasonable factor. The assumption is that the maximum required bandwidth of a single mobile station is defined as the r-fraction of the capacity of the base station. For cell selection, this paper consists of two algorithms. The first algorithm defines the creation of a (1-r) approximate solution, this is applicable when the coverage of the mobile station is done by one or more base station simultaneously. The second algorithm defines the creation of an approximate solution (1-r /2-r) when the coverage of each mobile station is covered by a maximum one base station. A simulation research that describes the benefit of using our algorithms that have limited and high-loaded power for the future of 4G networks completes the overall study. The performance and capacity are better than the existing algorithms.

scholarly journals Single base station hybrid TOA/AOD/AOA localization algorithms with the synchronization error in dense multipath environment

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixun Wu ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Miao Zhang ◽  
Kai Xu ◽  
Juan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Station ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Synchronization Error ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Identification Algorithm ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Multipath Environment

AbstractMobile station (MS) localization in a cellular network is appealing to both industrial community and academia, due to the wide applications of location-based services. The main challenge is the unknown one-bound (OB) and multiple-bound (MB) scattering environment in dense multipath environment. Moreover, multiple base stations (BSs) are required to be involved in the localization process, and the precise time synchronization between MS and BSs is assumed. In order to address these problems, hybrid time of arrival (TOA), angle of departure (AOD), and angle of arrival (AOA) measurement model from the serving BS with the synchronization error is investigated in this paper. In OB scattering environment, four linear least square (LLS), one quadratic programming and data fusion-based localization algorithms are proposed to eliminate the effect of the synchronization error. In addition, the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of our localization model on the root mean-square error (RMSE) is derived. In hybrid OB and MB scattering environment, a novel double identification algorithm (DIA) is proposed to identify the MB path. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are capable to deal with the synchronization error, and LLS-based localization algorithms show better localization accuracy. Furthermore, the DIA can correctly identify the MB path, and the RMSE comparison of different algorithms further prove the effectiveness of the DIA.

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