scholarly journals Fuel Production from LDPE-based Plastic Waste over Chromium Supported on Sulfated Zirconia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Latifah Hauli ◽  
Karna Wijaya ◽  
Akhmad Syoufian
Keyword(s):  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

The preparation, characterization, and catalytic activity test of sulfated zirconia (SZ) modified with chromium for the hydrocracking of LDPE-based plastic waste have been investigated. SZ was prepared by wet impregnation method using zirconia nanopowder (ZrO2) and H2SO4 solution. SZ was further modified with chromium (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% wt.%) by refluxing in aqueous solution of Cr(NO3)3·9H2O, followed by calcination and reduction processes. The prepared catalysts were characterized by SEM-Mapping and TEM. Hydrocracking of LDPE-based plastic waste was conducted at various temperatures and various catalysts. In addition, the optimum catalyst was repeatedly used for the reaction to demonstrate the stability of the catalyst. Liquid products obtained by hydrocracking were characterized by GCMS. The results showed that the morphology of the prepared catalysts had different sizes and disordered shapes after the addition of sulfate and Cr. The effective temperature for hydrocracking was 250 °C. The highest selectivity to liquid product and gasoline fraction were 40.99 and 93.42 wt.%, respectively, and were obtained over Cr/SZ with 1.0 wt.% Cr. Hydrocracking of plastic waste over the used Cr/SZ catalyst with 1.0 wt.% Cr showed that the Cr/SZ catalyst was stable and reusable up to three repetitions.

Preparation of Cr Metal Supported on Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 948 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Latifah Hauli ◽  
Karna Wijaya ◽  
Ria Armunanto
Keyword(s):  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Catalyst Preparation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Zirconia Catalyst ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

Catalyst of Chromium (Cr) metal supported on sulfated zirconia (SZ) was prepared by wet impregnation method. This study aim to determine the optimal concentration of Cr metal that impregnated on SZ catalyst. Preparation of catalyst was conducted at different concentrations of Cr metal (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% (w/w)), impregnated on SZ catalyst, then followed by the calcinationand reduction process. Catalysts were charaterized by FTIR, XRD, XRF, SAA, TEM, and acidity test. The results showed the Cr/SZ 1% had the highest acidity value of 8.22 mmol/g which confirmed from FTIR spectra. All the crystal phase of these catalysts were in monoclinic. The specific surface area increased with the increasing of Cr metal concentration on SZ catalyst and the isotherm adsorption-desorption of N2 gas observed all the catalysts as mesoporous material. The impregnation process formed particles agglomeration.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Nickel-loaded Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst and Its Application for Converting Used Palm Cooking Oil to Gasoline via Hydrocracking Process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilyas Taufik Abdul Aziz ◽  
Wahyu Dita Saputri ◽  
Wega Trisunaryanti ◽  
Sri Sudiono ◽  
Akhmad Syoufian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Gasoline Fraction ◽  
Incipient Wetness Impregnation ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Hydrocracking Process ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Zirconia Catalyst ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst

The synthesis of the nickel-loaded sulfated zirconia catalyst (Ni-SZ) and its application for the hydrocracking process have been carried out. This work has been conducted to determine the activity and selectivity from various Ni concentrations loaded on sulfated zirconia (SZ) in the hydrocracking of used palm cooking oil. The synthesis technique was preceded by sulfation of ZrO2 through incipient wetness impregnation method using H2SO4 solution and then continued with the impregnation of Ni via hydrothermal method employing NiSO4 · 6H2O precursor salt. The hydrocracking process was performed in a fix-bed microreactor at the optimum temperature (350 °C). The SZ loaded with 3 wt% of Ni (Ni-SZ 3) successfully produced the highest liquid product (44.25 wt%) and selectivity on gasoline (100 %). Besides, the gasoline fraction in the liquid product was dominated by unwanted aromatics compounds. The excellent performance of Ni-SZ 3 due to it has high acidity value, specific surface area, and Ni content.

scholarly journals Mesoporous silica from Parangtritis beach sand templated by CTAB as a support of Mo Metal as a catalyst for hydrocracking of waste palm cooking oil into biofuel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gesha Desy Alisha ◽  
Wega Trisunaryanti ◽  
Akhmad Syoufian
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Beach Sand ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Hydrocarbon Compound ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

Abstract In this study, natural source Parangtritis beach sand was extracted into mesoporous silica (MS). Synthesis of mesoporous silica (MS) was carried out at sodium silicate: CTAB ratio of 1:0.5 (w/w). Monometallic catalyst was used to improve the performance of the catalyst. The monometallic used was Mo metal, which was synthesized using the wet impregnation method. Catalysts were characterized using FTIR, XRD, Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), SEM-EDX, and TEM. MS has pore diameters and surface area of 2.62 nm and 897.3 m2/g. Mo/MS has pore diameters, surface area, and Mo metal concentration of 2.46 nm, 593 m2/g, and 4.75 %. Catalytic activity and selectivity were evaluated in hydrocracking of waste palm cooking oil at 500, 550, and 600 oC, and catalyst: waste palm cooking oil ratio of 1:100, 1:200, and 1:300. The best catalyst will be tested for reusability 3 times through the hydrocracking process. Mo/MS produces better liquid products and hydrocarbon compounds than MS. The results of the conversion of liquid products analyzed using GCMS. The yield of liquid products obtained in the hydrocracking of waste palm cooking oil using Mo/MS with the optimum temperature and the weight ratio of catalyst: feed at 550oC and 1: 300 was 66.99 wt.% with consists of hydrocarbon compound as 62.79 wt.%. The yield of liquid products obtained in the hydrocracking waste palm cooking oil using the used Mo/MS catalyst in the last run was 80.26 wt.% with consist of hydrocarbon compound as 74.13 wt.%.

scholarly journals Hydrotreatment of Cellulose-Derived Bio-Oil Using Copper and/or Zinc Catalysts Supported on Mesoporous Silica-Alumina Synthesized from Lapindo Mud and Catfish Bone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahri Swasdika ◽  
Wega Trisunaryanti ◽  
Iip Izul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Catalytic Application ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Metal Addition ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

Catalysts comprising copper and/or zinc supported on mesoporous silica-alumina (MSA) with a high Si/Al ratio were prepared by wet impregnation method. This study investigated the preparation, characterization, and catalytic application of the prepared catalysts for hydrotreatment cellulose-derived bio-oil. The wet impregnation was performed by directly dispersing Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and/or Zn(NO3)2·4H2O aqueous solution into MSA, followed by calcination and reduction under H2 gas stream. The acidity test revealed that metal addition on MSA support increases the acidity of catalysts. During hydrotreatment of cellulose-derived bio-oil CuZn/MSA with total acidity, copper loading, zinc loading, and specific surface area of 24.86 mmol g–1, 5.23 wt.%, 3.15 wt.%, and 170.77 m2 g–1, respectively, exhibited the best performance compared to other prepared catalysts with 90.49 wt.% conversion of liquid product.

scholarly journals Effectively Synthesizing SO4/TiO2 Catalyst and Its Performance for Converting Ethanol into Diethyl Ether (DEE)

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1492
Author(s):  
Karna Wijaya ◽  
Alya Rahmadhani Putri ◽  
Sri Sudiono ◽  
Sri Mulijani ◽  
Aep Patah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Tio2 Powder ◽  
Dehydration Reaction ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Tio2 Catalyst ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

This SO4/TiO2 catalyst as a heterogeneous acidic catalyst was synthesized in various concentrations of H2SO4. The activity and selectivity of the SO4/TiO2 catalyst on the dehydration reaction of ethanol to diethyl ether were studied as well. The SO4/TiO2 was prepared from TiO2 powder by wet impregnation method with a various aqueous solution of H2SO4 (1; 2; 3 M H2SO4) and calcination temperature (400, 500, and 600 °C) to obtain a catalyst with optimum acidity. The catalysts were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX, SAA, TGA/DSC, and acidity test gravimetrically with ammonia. The liquid product of DEE was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) to analyze the selectivity of the catalyst. The catalyst TS-3-400 had the highest activity and selectivity in the dehydration reaction of ethanol to diethyl ether at a temperature of 225 °C, with a conversion of 51.83% and a DEE selectivity of 1.72%.

scholarly journals Nickel-based perovskite catalysts: synthesis and catalytic tests in the production of syngas

Cerâmica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (371) ◽  
pp. 436-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Moraes Júnior ◽  
J. O. Leite ◽  
A. G. Santos ◽  
M. J. B. Souza ◽  
A. M. Garrido Pedrosa
Keyword(s):  
Impregnation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Organic Precursor ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Partial Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Conversion Level ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Perovskite Type ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method ◽  
H2 Selectivity

Abstract La1-xSrxNiO3 (x= 0.0, 0.3 or 0.7) perovskite-type oxides were synthesized using the modified proteic gel method and using collagen as an organic precursor. Catalysts of La1-xSrxNiO3/Al2O3 were obtained using the wet impregnation method. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, surface area and temperature-programmed reduction. The catalysts were evaluated in the partial oxidation reaction of methane, and the levels of selectivity to CO, CO2, H2 and H2O were determined. Among the catalysts studied, the catalyst LaNiO3/Al2O3 had the highest methane conversion level (78%) and higher H2 selectivity (55%).

scholarly journals Catalytic Activity Of Cu/η-Al2O3 Catalysts Prepared From Aluminum Scraps In The NH3-SCO and in the NH3-SCR of NO

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawel Jr ◽  
Thabet Makhlouf ◽  
Gerard Delahay ◽  
Hassib Tounsi
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Reduction Of No ◽  
Evaporation Method ◽  
Nh3 Scr ◽  
Scr Of No ◽  
Selective Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

Abstract Copper loaded η-alumina catalysts with different copper contents have been prepared by impregnation/evaporation method. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR, BET, UV–vis, H2-TPR and evaluated in the selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3 and in the selective catalytic oxidation of NH3. The characterization techniques showed that the impregnation/evaporation method permits to obtain highly dispersed copper oxide species on the η-alumina surface when low amount of copper is used (1wt. % and 2 wt.%). The wet impregnation method made it possible to reach a well dispersion of the copper species on the surface of the alumina for the low copper contents Cu(1)-Al2O3 and Cu(2)-Al2O3. The latter justifies the similar behavior of Cu(1)-Al2O3) and Cu(2)-Al2O3 in the selective catalytic oxidation of NH3 where these catalysts exhibit a conversion of NH3 to N2 of the order of 100% at T > 500°C.

Effect of CNTs Support Diameter on Pt Particles Size and Distribution

2007 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Yong Hwan Kim ◽  
Yon Ki Seo ◽  
Young Rae Cho ◽  
Kwang Ho Kim ◽  
Won Sub Chung
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Optimum Diameter ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method ◽  
Xrd And Tem ◽  
Supported Pt Catalyst

The Platinum catalysts on the carbon nanotubes(CNTs) supports of various diameters were prepared by wet impregnation method using H2PtCl6 precursor. The samples using 100nm, 15~20nm, 10~15nm and 5~10nm diameters of CNTs and carbon nanofibers(CNFs) are named Pt/t- CNFs, Pt/MWNTs20, Pt/MWNTs10 and Pt/MWNTs5, respectively. The effects of CNTs diameter on the Pt particle size and distribution were investigated by the means of powder XRD and TEM observation. In addition, the electro-catalytic characteristics for methanol electro-oxidation were estimated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The average size of Pt particles increases as follows; Pt/MWNTs10 < Pt/MWNTs5 < Pt/MWNTs20 < Pt/t-CNFs. The electro-catalytic characteristics of Pt/MWNTs10 and Pt/MWNTs20 are found to be superior in comparison with the others. For preparation of the most effective supported Pt catalyst, the optimum diameter of CNTs support in the range of 10-20nm, is needed.

scholarly journals {CeO2/Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6} and {Au/Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6} Catalysts for Low-Temperature CO Oxidation

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Edain González ◽  
Ricardo Rangel ◽  
Javier Lara ◽  
Pascual Bartolo-Pérez ◽  
Juan José Alvarado-Gil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co Oxidation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Temperature Co Oxidation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

Nowadays, one of the most important challenges that humanity faces is to find alternative ways of reducing pollutant emissions. CeO2/Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6 and Au/Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6 catalysts were prepared to efficiently transform carbon monoxide (CO) to carbon dioxide (CO2) at low temperatures. The systems were prepared in a two-step process. First, Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6 supports were synthesized through the hydrothermal procedure under microwave heating. Then, CeO2 was deposited on Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6 using the wet impregnation method, while the incipient impregnation method was selected to deposit gold nanoparticles. The CeO2/Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6 and Au/Bi2Mo1−xRuxO6 catalysts were characterized using SEM microscopy and XRD. Furthermore, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy were used. Tests were carried out for the supported catalysts in CO oxidation, and high conversion values, nearing 100%, was observed in a temperature range of 100 to 250 °C. The results showed that the best system was the Au/Bi2Mo0.95Ru0.05O6 catalyst, with CO oxidation starting at 50 °C and reaching 100% conversion at 186 °C.

scholarly journals Deep oxidative desulfurization of model fuels catalysed by immobilized ionic liquid on MIL-100(Fe)

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (38) ◽  
pp. 21804-21809 ◽  
Author(s):  
WanXin Yang ◽  
Guoqing Guo ◽  
Zhihong Mei ◽  
Yinghao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Wet Impregnation Method

ILs@MIL-100 composites were synthesized via the wet impregnation method and applied in deep oxidative desulfurization of gasoline with high efficiency.

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