scholarly journals Cadmium(II) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Microporous Eggshell: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Shamsi Zadeh ◽  
Hossein Esmaeili ◽  
Rauf Foroutan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Heavy metals are soluble in the environment and can be dangerous for many species. So, removal of heavy metals from the water and wastewater is an important process. In this study, an adsorbent made of eggshell powder was employed to remove cadmium ions from aqueous solution. A number of parameters were studied including pH of the aqueous solution, adsorbent dosage, contact time, the initial concentration of cadmium ion and mixing rate. The best efficiency for the removal of Cd(II) was obtained 96% using this adsorbent. The optimal parameters were ambient temperature of 30 °C, mixing rate of 200 rpm, pH of 9, an adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L and initial concentration of cadmium was 200 ppm. In order to study the kinetics of adsorbent, the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and intra-particle diffusion model were applied. According to the pre-determined correlation coefficients (R2), the pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed a better correlation between the kinetic behaviors of the adsorbent. Furthermore, to study the equilibrium behavior of adsorbent, Langmuir and Freundlich models used and both models showed high efficiency in isotherm behavior of the adsorbent. So, this adsorbent can be used as a natural and cheap adsorbent.

scholarly journals Adsorption of remazol red RR onto chitosan from aqueous solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Pabel Kabir ◽  
Md Manuarul Islam ◽  
Shah Md Masum ◽  
Md Mufazzal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Equilibrium Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Remazol Red

Chitosan has been used as an adsorbent to remove remazol red RR from aqueous solution by adsorption. The experiments have been conducted to study the effects of initial concentration of adsorbate, temperature, pH and particle size on dye adsorption. The kinetic data obtained have been examined using pseudo first- and pseudo second-order equations. The equilibrium adsorption data have been studied by using Freundlich and Langmuir models. The best results have been achieved with the pseudo second-order kinetic model and with the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm model. The equilibrium adsorption capacity (qe) of chitosan increases with increasing the initial concentration of dye, temperature and with decreasing particle size. However, the highest adsorption capacity has been found at a pH about 5.4. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity, qe = 155.72 mg/g has been found at the optimum conditions. The activation energy (Ea) of sorption kinetics is about 9.25 kJ/mol. Thermodynamic parameters such as change in free energy (?G), enthalpy (?H) and entropy (?S) have also been evaluated. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i2.22005 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 49(2), 111-118, 2014

scholarly journals Kinetic, sorption isotherms, pseudo-first-order model and pseudo-second-order model studies of Cu(II) and Pb(II) using defatted Moringa oleifera seed powder

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Keno David Kowanga ◽  
◽  
Erastus Gatebe ◽  
Godfrey Omare Mauti ◽  
Eliakim Mbaka Mauti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

In the recent decades, there has been a concern on heavy metals in waste water and high cost of conventional methods of removing heavy metals, for this reason search on adsorbents of biological origin which is low cost and efficient is necessary. In this work defatted Moringa oleifera seed powder was studied as a potential alternative adsorbent for removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorption kinetics and initial ions concentration adsorption capacity using sorption models were evaluated. The results showed that the optimum pH for biosorption of Cu(II) was 6.5 while that of Pb(II) was 5.5. Contact time for Cu(II) was observed to occur after 30 min while that of Pb(II) occurred after 40 min. FTIR analysis revealed that defatted Moringa oleifera seed biomass had presence of amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, these groups were responsible for biosorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Biosorption kinetic data fitted well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model (r2 ≤ 0.9997) giving equilibrium rate constant (k2) of 0.0350±0.0275 g mg−1 min−1 for Cu (II) loaded biomass and 0.0206±0.0114 g mg−1 min−1 for Pb (II) loaded biomass; the biosorption isotherms for the biosorbent fitted well with Freundlich isotherm model than with Langmuir isotherm model. However, the separation factor RL of Langmuir model was between 0 and 1 indicating favourable sorption process and the low value of mean sorption energy of 9.19×10-2 kJ from D-R model showed that the forces of attraction involved were Van der Waal forces indicating the process of adsorption was physical adsorption. In conclusion, the study revealed that defatted Moringa oleifera seed is an efficient biosorbent for removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution.

Adsorption Characteristics of Phenol in Aqueous Solution by Pinus massoniana Biochar

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1154-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Zhi Deng ◽  
Xue Yuan Wang ◽  
Xian Yang Shi ◽  
Qian Qian Hong
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Pinus Massoniana ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The objective of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of phenol adsorption from aqueous solution by Pinus massoniana biochar. Adsorption conditions, including contact time, initial phenol concentration, adsorbent dosage, strength of salt ions and pH, have been investigated by batch experiments. Equilibrium can be reached in 24 h for phenol from 50 to 250 mg• L-1. The optimum pH value for this kind of biochar is 5.0. The amount of phenol adsorbed per unit decreases with the increase in adsorbent dosage. The existence of salt ions makes negligible influence on the equilibrium adsorption capacity. The experimental data is analyzed by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. Equilibrium data fits well to the Freundlich model. Adsorption kinetics models are deduced and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides a good correlation for the adsorbent process. The results show that the Pinus massoniana biochar can be utilized as an effective adsorption material for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies of Chromium (VI) Sorption by Pure and Carbonized Fluted Pumpkin waste biomass (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Timi Tarawou ◽  
Michael Horsfall
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Fluted Pumpkin ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The adsorption of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solution was studied using pure and carbonized fluted pumpkin waste biomass (FPWB). The kinetic data shows a pseudo-first-order mechanism with rate constants of 1.26 × 10-2 and 1.933 × 10-2 mg g-1 min-1 for the pure and carbonized FPWB, respectively. While the pseudo-second-order mechanism has rate constants of 0.93 × 10-1 and 1.33 × 10-1 mg g-1 min-1 for the pure and carbonized waste biomass respectively. The pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to be more suitable for describing the experimental data based on the correlation coefficient values (R2) of 0.9975 and 0.9994 obtained for pure waste biomass (PWB) and carbonized waste biomass (CWB), respectively. The results obtained from this study show that PWB and CWB have very high removal capacity for chromium (VI) from aqueous solution over a range of reaction conditions. Thus, fluted pumpkin waste biomass (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F) is a potential sorbent for the treatment of industrial effluents containing chromium (VI) contaminant.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v27i1.6436 J. Nepal Chem. Soc., Vol. 27, 2011 11-18Uploaded date: 16 July, 2012

Mathematical Modelling for Copper and Lead Adsorption on Coffee Grounds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita Seniūnaitė ◽  
Rasa Vaiškūnaitė ◽  
Kristina Bazienė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Research studies on the adsorption kinetics are conducted in order to determine the absorption time of heavy metals on coffee grounds from liquid. The models of adsorption kinetics and adsorption diffusion are based on mathe-matical models (Cho et al. 2005). The adsorption kinetics can provide information on the mechanisms occurring be-tween adsorbates and adsorbents and give an understanding of the adsorption process. In the mathematical modelling of processes, Lagergren’s pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetics and the intra-particle diffusion models are usually applied. The mathematical modelling has shown that the kinetics of the adsorption process of heavy metals (copper (Cu) and lead (Pb)) is more appropriately described by the Lagergren’s pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The kinetic constants (k2Cu = 0.117; k2Pb = 0,037 min−1) and the sorption process speed (k2qeCu = 0.0058–0.4975; k2qePb = 0.021–0.1661 mg/g per min) were calculated. After completing the mathematical modelling it was calculated that the Langmuir isotherm better reflects the sorption processes of copper (Cu) (R2 = 0.950), whilst the Freundlich isotherm – the sorption processes of lead (Pb) (R2 = 0.925). The difference between the mathematically modelled and experimen-tally obtained sorption capacities for removal of heavy metals on coffee grounds from aqueous solutions is 0.059–0.164 mg/l for copper and 0.004–0.285 mg/l for lead. Residual concentrations of metals in a solution showed difference of 1.01 and 0.96 mg/l, respectively.

scholarly journals Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Developed from Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao) Shell - A Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (s1) ◽  
pp. S363-S371 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Theivarasu ◽  
S. Mylsamy
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The removal of malachite green (MG) by cocoa (Theobroma cacao) shell activated carbon (CSAC) was investigated in present study. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process parameters such as initial pH, contact time, initial concentration and adsorbent dose. A comparison of kinetic models applied to the adsorption of MG on CSAC was evaluated for the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models. Results showed that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was found to correlate the experimental data well. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data was represented with Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and Flory-Huggins isotherms. The experimental data obtained in the present study indicated that activated carbon developed from cocoa shell can be attractive options for dye removal from waste water.

Competitive Adsorption of Fluoride and Phosphate on MgAl-Co3 Layered Double Hydroxides

2010 ◽  
Vol 160-162 ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Cai ◽  
Hong Zheng ◽  
Peng Liang ◽  
Shu Ping Liang
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Intraparticle Diffusion Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Small Influence ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Double Hydroxides

Competitive adsorption experiment of fluoride and phosphate on MgAl-CO3 LDHs has been conducted. A series of batch experiments were performed to study the influence of various experimental parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time on the adsorption of fluoride and phosphate on MgAl-CO3 LDHs. Three kinetic models have been evaluated in order to attempt to fit the experimental data, namely the pseudo-first order, the pseudo-second order and the Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion model. The effects of the initial concentration and the addition order of fluoride and phosphate on their adsorption by MgAl-CO3 LDHs were also investigated. The results show that the optimal pH is 4 to 5, adsorbent dosage is 2 g/L and it takes about 2 hours to attain equilibrium. It was found that the pseudo-second order most closely describes the kinetics. The initial concentration and the addition order of fluoride and phosphate influence the adsorption of fluoride to a certain extent, but they have relatively small influence to the adsorption of phosphate on MgAl-CO3 LDHs.

Biopolymeric Adsorbent for the Removal of Methylene Blue: Characterizations, Equilibrium Isotherms and Kinetic Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
Siti Aishah Muhmed ◽  
Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Crosslinked Sago Starch (CSS) was prepared by crosslinking native starch with Sodium Trimetaphosphate. As a biodegradable adsorbent, CSS was used to remove methylene blue (MB) from the aqueous solution based on its characterization, including the granule morphology, crystalline nature and molecular structure. The adsorption capacity of CSS was evaluated as a function of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial concentration and time. It was favorable for adsorption under condition of neutral and at high initial concentration. The adsorption capacity trend was decreased with increasing the adsorbent dosage. The equilibrium isotherms were conducted using Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin model. It has been demonstrated that the better agreement was Langmuir isotherm with correlation coefficient of 0.99, equilibrium adsorption capacity of 3.75 mg g-1, chi-square test, χ2 of 0.03% and corresponding contact time of 4 hours. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion were used to fit adsorption data in the kinetic studies. And results showed that the adsorption kinetics was more accurately described by the pseudo-second-order model with correlation coefficient, R2 of 0.99 and standard deviation, SSE of 0.12%. The obtained results suggest that CSS could be promising candidates as an adsorbent for dye removal.

Adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides adsorbent

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1644-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona El-Sayed ◽  
Gh. Eshaq ◽  
A. E. ElMetwally
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In our study, Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides were prepared by the co-precipitation method. The structure, composition, morphology and thermal stability of the synthesized Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, N2 physisorption, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. Batch experiments were performed to study the adsorption behavior of cobalt(II) and nickel(II) as a function of pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, and adsorbent dose. The maximum adsorption capacity of Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides for cobalt and nickel metal ions was 116.7 mg g−1, and 70.4 mg g−1, respectively. The experimental data were analyzed using pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetic models in linear and nonlinear regression analysis. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process could be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Experimental equilibrium data were well represented by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Also, the maximum monolayer capacity, qmax, obtained was 113.8 mg g−1, and 79.4 mg g−1 for Co(II), and Ni(II), respectively. Our results showed that Mg–Al–Zn mingled oxides can be used as an efficient adsorbent material for removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater samples.

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