scholarly journals SEPARATION OF PENICILLIN G FROM FERMENTATION BROTH BY EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE TECHNIQUE

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Imam Santoso ◽  
Bachri Amran ◽  
Apriliana Laily Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Phenylacetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase

The separation of penicillin G from fermentation broth can be done by emulsion liquid membrane technique. The aim of this research is to establish the optimal conditions for the extraction and separation of penicillin G using emulsion liquid membrane technique. The optimal conditions were found to be at ratio of internal phase volume to membrane phase volume of 1:1 ; time of making emulsion, 1 min ; emulsion contact rate, 300 rpm; rate of stirring of emulsion, 2000 rpm ; rest time of emulsion, 13 min; concentration of  penicillin G as external phase, 375 ppm; and concentration of surfactant, 5% (v/v). pH of internal phase is 8; pH of external phase 5; ratio of emulsion phase volume to external phase volume, 1:2 and concentration of carrier 2 mM. The concentration of penicillin G and phenylacetic acid from fermentation results were 24771 mg/L and 32675 mg/L. Extraction by emulsion liquid membrane technique gave the percentage of penicillin G 53.38% and phenylacetic acid 60.41%. The percentage phenylacetic acid which is still higher (60.41%) indicated that the penicillin G could not completely be separated from phenylacetic acid by emulsion liquid membrane technique.   Keywords: penicillin G, fermentation, emulsion liquid membrane technique

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MATRICES ON PERCENT EXTRACTION OF SILVER (II) FROM BLACK/WHITE PRINTING PHOTOGRAPHIC WASTE USING EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE TECHNIQUE

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Imam Santoso ◽  
Buchari Buchari
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Percent Extraction

Extraction of silver (I) has been studied from black/white printing photographic waste by emulsion liquid membrane technique. Composition emulsion at the membrane phase was cerosene as solvent, sorbitan monooleat (span 80) as surfactant, dimethyldioctadesyl-ammonium bromide as carrier and as internal phase was HNO3. Optimum condition was obtained: ratio of internal phase volume and membrane phase volume was 1:1 : concentration of surfactant was 2% (v/v) : time of making emulsion was 20 second : rate of stiring emulsion was 1100 rpm : rest time emulsion was 3 second : rate of emulsion volume and external phase volume was 1:5 : emulsion contact rate 500 rpm : emulsion contact time was 40 second : concentration of silver thiosulfate as external phase was 100 ppm : pH of external phase was 3 and pH of internal phase was 1. Optimum condition was applied in silver(I) extraction from black/white printing photographic waste. It was obtained 77.33% average which 56.06% silver (I) average of internal phase and 22.66% in the external phase. Effect of matrices ion decreased silver(I) percent extraction from 96,37% average to 77.33% average. Keyword: photographics waste, silver extraction

CADMIUM REMOVAL USING VEGETABLE OIL BASED EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE (ELM): MEMBRANE BREAKAGE INVESTIGATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Ahmad ◽  
M. M. H. Shah Buddin ◽  
B. S. Ooi ◽  
Adhi Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Aliquat 336 ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Span 80

The aim of this research is to quantify the occurrence of membrane breakage in vegetable oil based Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM). Basically, ELM consists of three main phases; internal, external and membrane. In this work, the membrane phase was prepared by dissolving Span 80 as surfactant and Aliquat 336 as carrier in commercial grade corn oil. As a way to promote sustainable development, vegetable oil which is environmentally benign diluent was incorporated in the formulation of ELM. The influence of several important parameters towards membrane breakage were studied. They are carrier and surfactant concentration, W/O volume ratio, emulsification time, internal phase concentration as well as stirring speed. Based on the data obtained, emulsion prepared using 4 wt% Aliquat 336 and 3 wt% Span 80 resulted in the most stable emulsion with only 0.05% membrane breakage. The emulsion was produced using W/O volume ratio of 1/3 and it was homogenized with the assistance of ultrasound for 15 min. Moreover, emulsion produced able to provide a fair balance between emulsion stability and Cd(II) permeability as it able to remove 98.20% Cd(II) ions from the external phase. 

A two-step approach for copper and nickel extracting and recovering by emulsion liquid membrane

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2454-2461
Author(s):  
Qiang Bi ◽  
Juanqin Xue ◽  
Yingjuan Guo ◽  
Guoping Li ◽  
Haibin Cui
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Process Variable ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Application Technology ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Valuable Metals

The recycling of copper and nickel from metallurgical wastewater using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was studied. P507 (2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester) and TBP (tributyl phosphate) were used as carriers for the extraction of copper and nickel by ELMs, respectively. The influence of four emulsion composition variables, namely, the internal phase volume fraction (ϕ), surfactant concentration (Wsurf), internal phase stripping acid concentration (Cio) and the carrier concentration (Cc), and the process variable treat ratio on the extraction efficiencies of copper or nickel were studied. Under the optimum conditions, 98% copper and nickel were recycled by using ELM. The results indicated that ELM extraction is a promising industrial application technology to retrieve valuable metals in low concentration metallurgical wastewater.

scholarly journals Emulsion Liquid Membrane Design in Vitro for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2747-2754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri Zarandi ◽  
Amirhossein Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Contact Time ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction of lead by emulsion liquid membrane as an effective alternative to conventional lead extraction methods. The emulsion included D-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier, paraffin and kerosene composition as an organic solvent, Span 80 as an emulsifier and sulfuric acid as an internal stripping phase. In this project, 7 effective factors in extraction of lead were chosen by emulsion liquid membrane, which included concentration of sulfuric acid in the internal phase, volume ratio of the emulsion to external phase (Rew), the ratio of organic phase to internal phase (Roi), initial pH of external phase, contact time of the emulsion and external phase, carrier concentration and concentration of surfactant in the membrane phase. After the initial experiments to make a stable emulsion, membrane phase mix (70% paraffin and 30% kerosene), homogenizer speed (12000 rpm) and mixer speed (309 rpm) were selected. The final experiments were designed by Taguchi statistical method. Optimization was done according to higher extraction rate and the effect of each of these factors and their optimal values as well as optimal conditions were determined. By verification test, it was shown that more than 92% of lead can be extracted from a solution with a concentration of 2000 ppm.

scholarly journals Penentuan Kondisi Optimum (Konsentrasi HCl dan Konsentrasi Ion Merkuri) pada Ekstraksi Ion Hg2+ Menggunakan Teknik Emulsi Membran Cair

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Octivan Supriyatno ◽  
Baharuddin Hamzah ◽  
Irwan Said
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Mercury Ion ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Ion Extraction ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Optimum Extraction ◽  
Percent Extraction ◽  
Hcl Solution

Study on the extraction of mercury ion had been done using emulsion liquid membrane technique. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum condition on mercury ion extraction in solutions those include variations in concentration of HCl solution (0.5 to 2.5) M and variation in concentration of mercury (15-35) ppm.This study was conducted using laboratory experimental method with benzoyl acetone as cation carrier, kerosene as membrane phase, HCl solution as an internal phase, Span-80 and Span-20 as surfactants, and mercury solution as the sample. Determination concentration of mercury ion in external phase was analysed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The result showed that the concentration of HCl solution resulted in the optimum percentage of extraction with the percent extraction of 95.31% was at 2 M. In addition, the concentration of mercury solution resulted in percent optimum extraction of 96.58% was at a concentration of 30 ppm.

Visual Study on the Effect of Osmotic Pressure on the Morphology of Emulsion Liquid Membrane

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Sun Jun Li ◽  
Hong Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Water Diffusion ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Emulsion

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of osmotic pressure on the morphology of emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) by the visual way. The experimental results show that osmotic pressure has great effect on the globules of emulsion liquid membrane through water diffusion between two water phases. When under isotonic pressure, the water transport trend cannot be observed. When osmotic pressure is less than zero, water transfers from the internal phase to the external phase. But when osmotic pressure is larger than zero, water transports from the external phase to the internal phase first by diffusion, then water transports from the internal phase to the external phase by the coalescence. Therefore, it is possible to tailor osmotic pressure between two water phases to keep the stability of emulsion liquid membrane when ELM is used to separate some component.

Optimization of cyanide extraction from wastewater using emulsion liquid membrane system by response surface methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Qin Xue ◽  
Ni Na Liu ◽  
Guo Ping Li ◽  
Long Tao Dang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Volume Ratio ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Span 80

To solve the disposal problem of cyanide wastewater, removal of cyanide from wastewater using a water-in-oil emulsion type of emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was studied in this work. Specifically, the effects of surfactant Span-80, carrier trioctylamine (TOA), stripping agent NaOH solution and the emulsion-to-external-phase-volume ratio on removal of cyanide were investigated. Removal of total cyanide was determined using the silver nitrate titration method. Regression analysis and optimization of the conditions were conducted using the Design-Expert software and response surface methodology (RSM). The actual cyanide removals and the removals predicted using RSM analysis were in close agreement, and the optimal conditions were determined to be as follows: the volume fraction of Span-80, 4% (v/v); the volume fraction of TOA, 4% (v/v); the concentration of NaOH, 1% (w/v); and the emulsion-to-external-phase volume ratio, 1:7. Under the optimum conditions, the removal of total cyanide was 95.07%, and the RSM predicted removal was 94.90%, with a small exception. The treatment of cyanide wastewater using an ELM is an effective technique for application in industry.

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium-Contaminated Wastewater by Micro-Emulsion Liquid Membrane Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1962-1966
Author(s):  
Chun Shan Zhu ◽  
Li Qiu ◽  
Jia Song ◽  
Yan Li Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Micro Emulsion

The micro-emulsion liquid membrane (MELM) was prepared for the extraction of hexavalent chromium (Cr (Ⅵ)) from wastewater. The membrane phase consists of kerosene as a membrane solvent, tributyl phosphate (TBP) as a mobile carrier, and sorbitan monooleate(Span80) as a surfactant. A NaOH solution is the internal aqueous phase. The effects of different conditions on the extractive of Cr (Ⅵ) were discussed. The results showed that the removal rate of Cr (Ⅵ) could reach 99.78% when the NaOH concentration was of 0.1mol•L-1in internal phase, the pH values 1.0-1.75 in external phase, Rew of 1:3 and Roi of 2:1, stirring time of 12min and stirring rate of 320r•min-1, 10% of carrier and 15%-17% of surfactant.

Removal of Phenol by a New Emulsion Liquid Membrane System and its Heat-Induced Demulsification

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1675-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Peng ◽  
Chun Jian Xu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Demulsification Efficiency

Removal of phenol from aqueous solution by a new emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) system and its heat-induced demulsification have been investigated. The ELM consists of commercial kerosene as organic solvent, OP-4 as surfactant agent, hydrochloric acid as the stripping phase. Effect of different operating parameters such as internal phase concentration, surfactant concentration, stirring speed, PH value in external phase, volume ratio of membrane phase to internal phase and volume ratio of membrane phase to external phase were investigated for the removal of phenol from aqueous solution. At the optimum condition about 95.7% phenol is removed in less than 20min of contact time. The demulsification efficiency was investigated under different temperature and time and proved to be high at 80°C.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Konsentrasi Surfaktan dan Perbandingan Volume Emulsi dengan Volume Fasa Eksternal Pada Ekstraksi Ion Merkuri Menggunakan Teknik Emulsi Membran Cair

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Hidayah ◽  
Baharuddin Hamzah ◽  
Purnama Ningsih
Keyword(s):  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Mercury Ion ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Mercury Ions ◽  
Ion Extraction ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase

Mercury ion extraction has been done using emulsion liquid membrane technique a research. The aim of the study is to determine the optimal conditions at the extraction process of mercury ion with research variables, namely variations of the surfactant concentration and the volume ratio of emulsion and external phase (Ve:Veks). In this study, the sample was 20 mg/L of Hg2+ ions in concentration. The concentration of mercury ions remaining in the sample after extraction were analyze using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 490 nm using ditizon as complexation. The optimum condition far varying concentrations surfactant was 2% and the volume ratio of emulsion (Ve) and external phase (Veks) was 1:5 with the percentage of extraction respectively 47.65% and 56.80%.

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