scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition, Antinutritional Factors, and Oligosaccharides Concentration of Hawaijar (An Ethnic Fermented Soyfood of India) As Affected by Genotype and Bacillus Subtilis Strain

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
L. Sophia Devi ◽  
Vineet Kumar ◽  
Anita Rani ◽  
Trupti Tayalkar ◽  
Priyanka Mittal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Different Strains

Hawaijar is an ethnic fermented soy product from the North-East region of India. The information on the effect of soybean genotype and the Bacillus subtilis strain used for inoculation for preparing the product on the fatty acid composition, the level of antinutritional factors, such as Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) and Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI), and oligosaccharides is not available. In the present study, Hawaijar was prepared from two soybean genotypes using two different strains of Bacillus subtilis and investigated for the concentration of the above-mentioned biomolecules. The results showed the significant effect of genotype used on oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acid of the product. KTI and BBI were found absent in Hawaijar prepared from these two genotypes and two strains. Flatulence-inducing factors like raffinose and stachyose were found in very low concentration irrespective of genotype and strain. Retention of sweetness-imparting sucrose and maltose concentration in Hawaijar was genotype-dependent.

scholarly journals Importance of 3-Hydroxy Fatty Acid Composition of Lipopeptides for Biosurfactant Activity

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 7690-7695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha H. Youssef ◽  
Kathleen E. Duncan ◽  
Michael J. McInerney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

ABSTRACT Biosurfactant production may be an economic approach to improving oil recovery. To obtain candidates most suitable for oil recovery, 207 strains, mostly belonging to the genus Bacillus, were tested for growth and biosurfactant production in medium with 5% NaCl under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. All strains grew aerobically with 5% NaCl, and 147 strains produced a biosurfactant. Thirty-five strains grew anaerobically with 5% NaCl, and two produced a biosurfactant. In order to relate structural differences to activity, eight lipopeptide biosurfactants with different specific activities produced by various Bacillus species were purified by a new protocol. The amino acid compositions of the eight lipopeptides were the same (Glu/Gln:Asp/Asn:Val:Leu, 1:1:1:4), but the fatty acid compositions differed. Multiple regression analysis showed that the specific biosurfactant activity depended on the ratios of both iso to normal even-numbered fatty acids and anteiso to iso odd-numbered fatty acids. A multiple regression model accurately predicted the specific biosurfactant activities of four newly purified biosurfactants (r 2 = 0.91). The fatty acid composition of the biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis strain T89-42 was altered by the addition of branched-chain amino acids to the growth medium. The specific activities of biosurfactants produced in cultures with different amino acid additions were accurately predicted by the multiple regression model derived from the fatty acid compositions (r 2 = 0.95). Our work shows that many strains of Bacillus mojavensis and Bacillus subtilis produce biosurfactants and that the fatty acid composition is important for biosurfactant activity.

scholarly journals Technological Composition Analysis of the Rabbitfish (Chimaera monstrosa) in the North Atlantic

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231
Author(s):  
Anna Mukhortova ◽  
Olga Uzbekova ◽  
Ivan Lyzhov
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

Introduction. Deep-sea fauna of the North Atlantic has a great potential for the development of food industry. Rabbitfish (Chimaera monstrosa) is a hydrobionts that makes up a significant proportion of bycatch in the traditional trawl and longline fishery. The research objective was to determine the technochemical composition and biochemical properties of organs and tissues of rabbitfish. Study objects and methods. The size-mass and total chemical composition was performed by standard methods. The amino acid composition of proteins was determined by chromatographic separation of amino acid derivatives obtained by reaction with orthophthalic aldehyde and β-mercaptoethanol. The method of one-dimensional thin-layer chromatography made it possible to determine the fractional composition of lipids. The fatty acid composition was determined using an S-180 gas-liquid chromatograph (Yanaco, Japan). The fat-soluble vitamins were determined by the saponification of samples with alkali, extraction, and separation of the unsaponifiable part. The fractional composition of proteins became clear after a planar polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis on (MultiPhor II, Sweden). Results and discussion. The research featured the size-mass and chemical composition of body parts, the fractional and amino acid composition of proteins, as well as the fractional and fatty acid composition of lipids, vitamins, heavy metals, and organochlorine compounds in the tissues and organs of the rabbitfish. The sensory properties of the samples proved quite high. Hot smoked rabbitfish meat can be recommended for snack foods. Waste (heads, entrails, skin, cartilage, fins) makes up more than 50% of total body weight and can be used in feed production or as a protein-containing raw material for hydrolysates in microbiology, medicine, and food industry. Conclusion. The research involved a complex biochemical study of the rabbitfish organs and tissues. The performed technochemical studies made it possible to give preliminary recommendations on the directions of its most rational integrated use.

scholarly journals Effect of Sprouting on Chemical, Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidants and Antinutrients of Flaxseeds

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
M. A. M. Abd-El- Hady ◽  
M. E. I. Elsorady
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cyanogenic Glucosides ◽  
Zn Content

The objective research investigated the effect of flaxseed sprouting on chemical composition, fatty acid composition, antioxidants and flaxseed antinutrients during the four-day sprouting period. For attempts to reduce flaxseed levels of some antinutritional factors, such as cyanogenic glucosides, and improve nutrient palatability and availability, the sprouting technique has been used. After 4 days of sprouting, the dry matter content of the seeds was decreased by 5.54%. Significant decreases in oil content were observed during the sprouting period, but there were increases in protein, fibre, P, Ca, Fe and Zn content. During sprouting, the content of cyanogenic glucosides as antinutrients has decreased, thus increasing the nutritional quality and the economic demand for flaxseed sprouts. Increases were also found in the value of free fatty acids, peroxide and saponification. In addition, unsaponifiable matter has been reduced. Among fatty acids, while linoleic and oleic were increased during the sprouting period, linolenic was decreased. The results revealed that in extracted oils, total phenols and antioxidant activity decreased during and at the end of sprouting, whereas flavonoids, carotenoids and chlorophylls increased.

Fatty acid composition of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896) in the north eastern Mediterranean

2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Çelik ◽  
Canan Türeli ◽  
Mustafa Çelik ◽  
Yasemen Yanar ◽  
Ünal Erdem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Blue Crab ◽  
Callinectes Sapidus ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern
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