scholarly journals Stability and Emission Characteristics of Diesel-Ethanol-Coconut Methyl Ester Blends for the Diesel Engines

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tanti Ardiyati ◽  
Nathaniel P. Dugos ◽  
Susan A. Roces ◽  
Masaaki Suzuki ◽  
Kusnanto Kusnanto
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Fuel Consumption Rate ◽  
Efficient Combustion ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Blended Fuels

The stability and emission characteristics of diesel-ethanol-coconut methyl ester (CME) blends were studied to determine the most suitable fuel blends to be applied in diesel engines. This is done in order to assess the potential of the blends as a substitute for commercially available diesel fuel used in diesel engine. The stability results of the blends using 100% and 99.5% ethanol purity showed that the fuel blends containing ethanol up to 10% and CME of 5% and greater exhibited high mutual solubility at any temperature range and were resistant to microbial growths after 3 months storage. Engine operations at low speed especially at idle-no load and using a bigger size engine lead to a minimum ignition delay and result in lower fuel consumption rate. The emission test results with the new- blended fuels showed a reduction in CO2 and increasing percentage by volume of CO2 compared to commercially available diesel. The blends could deliver an efficient combustion and could run efficiently since production of the CO2 gases is higher than that of CO. The blends of 80% diesel, 5% ethanol, 10% CME; and 80% diesel, 10% ethanol, 10% CME could reduce the smoke opacity compared to commercially available diesel.

scholarly journals Biodiesel Extraction from Chicken Fat and Its Effect on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of the Diesel Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hariram ◽  
J. Godwin John ◽  
Subramanyeswara Rao ◽  
S. K. Baji Babavali ◽  
S. Muni Lokesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Chicken Fat ◽  
Fuel Blends

This study focuses on the conversion of chicken fat into chicken fat methyl ester (CFME) and its use in the diesel engine. Baseline fuel i.e., diesel and chicken fat biodiesel are the fuels tested to study their effect on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines. To enhance the performance and emission characteristics, ethanol up to 20% is added as an additive to the chicken fat biodiesel. The physiochemical properties revealed that the fuel blends properties are closer to the diesel fuel. The experimental investigations revealed that additive blended biodiesel enhanced the performance by reducing the brake-specific fuel consumption and increasing the brake thermal efficiency. Moreover, the emissions are considerably reduced by the additive blended chicken fat biodiesel. Therefore, chicken fat biodiesel can be considered as a substitute fuel to be used in the diesel engine without any modifications.

scholarly journals Sunflower Methyl Ester as an Engine Fuel: Performance Evaluation and Emissions Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjorn S. Santos ◽  
Sergio C. Capareda ◽  
Jewel A. Capunitan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Soybean Methyl Ester ◽  
Total Hydrocarbons

Biodiesel from sunflower oil offers a potential as an alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuel and must be evaluated in terms of the resulting engine performance and exhaust emissions. Two diesel engines rated at 14.2 kW (small) and 60 kW (large) were operated on pure sunflower methyl ester (SFME) and its blends with a reference diesel (REFDIESEL). Results showed that less power and torque were delivered by both the small and large engines when ran on pure SFME than on REFDIESEL, while brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was found to be higher in pure SFME. Blends of SFME with REFDIESEL (B5 and B20) showed negligible power loss and similar BSFC with the REFDIESEL. Higher concentrations of nitrogen oxides (), carbon dioxide (CO2), and total hydrocarbons (THC) in the exhaust emissions were observed for both pure SFME and SFME-REFDIESEL fuel blends. Comparison with soybean methyl ester indicates similar engine performance. Thus, blends of SFME with diesel may be used as a supplemental fuel for steady-state nonroad diesel engines to take advantage of the lubricity of biodiesel as well as contributing to the goal of lowering the dependence to petroleum diesel.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of biodiesel-n-butanol fuels blends on performance and emissions in a diesel engine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Mickevicius ◽  
Gvidonas Labeckas ◽  
Stasys Slavinskas
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustible Mixture ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Particulate Matter Emissions ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Smoke Opacity ◽  
Liquid Biofuel ◽  
Lower Carbon

The paper presents the experimental test results reflecting the comparative changes in the performance efficiency and emissions of the exhaust of a naturally aspirated, four-stroke, single-cylinder, air-cooled diesel engine due to its transition from neat rapeseed oil biodiesel to fuel blends prepared by mixing in various proportion (by volume) rapeseed methyl ester (B) and butanol (Bu). The lubricity properties of biodiesel-n-butanol fuel blends were studied using HFRR method. In contrast to previous works, the undertaken investigation is performed with a totally renewable, binary liquid biofuel blends. The purpose of the research is to reduce simultaneously the production of NOx emissions and the exhaust smoke with respect to neat biodiesel due to potentially improved homogeneity of combustible mixture and particulate matter emissions benefits suggested by the higher oxygen content (21.62wt%) and the relatively lower carbon-to-hydrogen ratio (4.8) of the normal n-butanol. The tests revealed that the brake specific fuel consumption for the binary biodiesel-n-butanol fuel blends is always higher than that neat biodiesel produces under the same loading conditions. Maximum nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were obtained with the engine running on neat biodiesel (2290 ppm). At full (100%) load conditions, the lowest NOx emission was obtained with the engine running on a biofuel BBu20 blend. The lowest level of carbon monoxide emissions (CO) was observed, when engine running with the most butanol-oxygenated biofuel blend BBu20.The highest smoke opacity of the exhaust was obtained when the engine was fuelled with neat biodiesel and at full load.

scholarly journals Pefformance and Emission Evaluation of Direct Inejction Diesel Engine Using Canola, Sesame Biodiesels with N-Butanol

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Prasad K. Hari ◽  
Srinivasan C. Ananda ◽  
Kumar K. Praveen
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Smoke Opacity

Abstract Biodiesels from vegetable oils are also gaining momentum as a encouraging fuels which acts as alternative for agricultural diesel engines. Even though there is a slight penalty in the performance parameters by the usage of vegetable biodiesel fuels in diesel engines because of their high viscosity, there is considerable reduction in emissions which is dominant factor from the environmental perspective. In the present experimental work four fuels Canola (20% Canola oil plus 80% Diesel) biodiesel (B20C),Sesame (20% Sesame oil plus 80% Diesel) biodiesel (B20S), B20C blended with 5% n-butanol(B20C5B) and B20S is blended with 5% nbutanol(B20S5B) have tried as an alternative fuels to the Diesel. In the primitive stage tests were supervised on diesel engine with diesel. Thereafter in the second stage, tests were directed at identical operating conditions by using B20C, B20S and their blends as biodiesels. The engine important performance parameters brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and also the emission characteristics hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), smoke opacity and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are evaluated. The results are contrasted with respect on base line data (diesel). From the experimental readings it was observed that the BTE of B20C, B20S, B20C5B and B20S5B at 100% load decreased by 2.64%,1.9 %,1.41% and 0.94% respectively, relative to diesel (D). At maximum loading condition BSFC for diesel,B20C,B20S,B20C5B and B20S5B are 0.254, 0.284,0.273,0.270 and 0.260kg/kWh. Overall, it is concluded that the emission characteristics of HC, CO and Smoke opacity are dropped for all tested biodiesels when compared to diesel fuel.

Fuel economy and emission characteristics of Gas-to-Liquid (GTL) and Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME) as alternative fuels for diesel engines

Fuel ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hassaneen ◽  
Axel Munack ◽  
Yvonne Ruschel ◽  
Olaf Schroeder ◽  
Jurgen Krahl
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Rapeseed Methyl Ester ◽  
Gas To Liquid

scholarly journals Experimental Research on Performance and Emission Characteristics of Country Borage Methyl Ester - Diesel Blend in a Compression Ignition Engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S8) ◽  
pp. 1835-1839
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Engine Emission ◽  
Physical And Chemical

An Experiment has been conducted performance and emission and combustion characteristics of a single-cylinder by using country borage methyl ester (CBM) and diesel blend in a direct injection at a constant speed diesel engine. In the past few years, the investigation on the biofuels has been considerable interest by virtue of their unique physical and chemical properties. This experiment works involves the usage of country borage methyl ester and diesel blend, to study its effect on performance, combustion and emission characteristics. Diesel and country borage methyl ester fuel blends are 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, and varying load of 25% increment from no load to full load. The experiment was carried out for engine performance parameter such as brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of CBM 20 blend was slightly higher 3% than that of diesel. And the engine emission parameters such as hydrogen emissions is reduced 22% for CBM 20 and 32.5% for CBM 40 blend. And NOx emission was slightly increased by 5% for CBM 20 and 8% for CBM 40.

scholarly journals Jatropha oil methyl ester and its blends used as an alternative fuel in diesel engine

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao Yarrapathruni ◽  
Sudheer Voleti ◽  
Reddy Pereddy ◽  
Raju Alluru
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Blended Fuels

Biomass derived vegetable oils are quite promising alternative fuels for agricultural diesel engines. Use of vegetable oils in diesel engines leads to slightly inferior performance and higher smoke emissions due to their high viscosity. The performance of vegetable oils can be improved by modifying them through the transesterification process. In this present work, the performance of single cylinder water-cooled diesel engine using methyl ester of jatropha oil as the fuel was evaluated for its performance and exhaust emissions. The fuel properties of biodiesel such as kinematic viscosity, calorific value, flash point, carbon residue, and specific gravity were found. Results indicate that B25 has closer performance to diesel and B100 has lower brake thermal efficiency mainly due to its high viscosity compared to diesel. The brake thermal efficiency for biodiesel and its blends was found to be slightly higher than that of diesel fuel at tested load conditions and there was no difference of efficiency between the biodiesel and its blended fuels. For jatropha biodiesel and its blended fuels, the exhaust gas temperature increased with the increase of power and amount of biodiesel. However, its diesel blends showed reasonable efficiency, lower smoke, and CO2 and CO emissions.

Assessment of the Feasibility of Biodiesel Blends for Small Commercial Engines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Tanner ◽  
Peter Stryker ◽  
Indranil Brahma
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Biodiesel Blends ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons

Petroleum supply and environmental issues have increased interest in renewable low polluting alternative fuels. Published test results generally indicate decreased pollution with similar power output from internal combustion engines burning alternative fuels. More specifically, diesel engines burning biodiesel derived from plant oils and animal fats, not only reduce harmful exhaust emissions, but are renewable and environmentally friendly. A literature review found little previous research with biodiesel in small commercial diesel engines. This paper presents the research that was conducted to study the effect of biodiesel/diesel fuel blends on engine performance and emissions for a Yanmar L100 EE (7.1 kW) engine. This is a standard commercial grade diesel engine used for small equipment such as generators. Independent engine dynamometer and emissions testing were performed to validate the lower emission claims and assess the feasibility of alternative fuels. A testing apparatus capable of making relevant measurements was designed, built and used to perform this study. Fuel blends used included B2, B20, B40, B60, B80, and B100 where the biodiesel component of the blend was a commercial product. An analysis of the fuel showed large percentages of linoleic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid which is typical for a blend of soybean oil and beef tallow. Test were performed at a constant torque (95 % of the continuously rated value) and variable engine speeds. Test results included calculated values of BMEP, BSFC, thermal efficiency, air mass flow rate, air fuel ratio, corrected NOx, energy lost to exhaust, and heat rejection, and measured values of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. Results indicate an increase in thermal efficiency compared to standard diesel and significant reductions of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide at all engine speeds. Brake specific fuel consumption increased with increasing percent biodiesel consistent with the decreased energy content of blended fuel. Significantly, there were small but consistent reductions in corrected NOx for all blends at all speeds. We posit possible explanations for these results, which are contrary to the published results for larger engines which show an increase in NOx for biodiesel blends.

scholarly journals Reduction a Particulate Matter of Diesel Emission by the Use of Several Oxygenated Diesel Blend Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Fuel Blends ◽  
Oxygenated Additives ◽  
Diesel Emission ◽  
Blended Fuels ◽  
Four Cylinders

Oxygenated diesel fuel blends have a prospective effectiveness to reduce a particulate matter (PM) emissions and powerfully to be an effective alternative instead of diesel fuel. This manuscript investigates the emission characteristics of four combinations of oxygenated diesel fuel blends in terms of ethanol, TGME, Glyme and Diglyme. Two blended fuels containing 5% and 15 % by volume for each oxygenated additives was prepared. Pure diesel fuel was used as a base fuel for all oxygenated diesel blends. The experiments were conducted using four cylinders, four stroke compression ignition Toyota Hilux Pickup of engine capacity (2494 cc) model 2006, inline DOHC 16 Valve. The experimental results showed that (i) the higher engine speed is produced lower PM emissions; (ii) the PM emitted by all the oxygenated diesel blends is significantly lower than of the corresponding pure diesel fuel; (iii) the increase of oxygenated percentage in the diesel blends, the PM emission decreases; (iv) A maximum and minimum of PM reduction was occurred when the engine fueled by 15 % by volume for ethanol and by 5 % by volume for TGME respectively.

Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engines Using Diesel, DMF/Diesel, and N-Pentanol/Diesel Fuel Blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 04018030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanchang Zhang ◽  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Zhuojun Li ◽  
Binbin Liu ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Fuel Blends
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