scholarly journals El cazador, la presa y el Dueño de los Animales: El complejo cinegético nahua / The hunter, the prey and the Owner of the Animals: The Nahua hunting complex

Revista Trace ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Juan Méndez Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
La Selva ◽  
Human Community ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Hunting Activity ◽  
Complex Scenario ◽  
San Martín

La cacería es un complejo escenario que permite configurar las relaciones entre humanos y no humanos. Estas relaciones han sido observadas, mediante el trabajo de campo etnográfico, entre los nahuas de San Martín Mazateopan, comunidad ubicada al sureste del estado de Puebla. La cacería en Mazateopan no es solo un medio de subsistencia, sino una forma de comunicarse con el Dueño de los Animales, el Tepechane, quien entregará a sus «hijas», los venados, a los cazadores. Para lograr esto, realizan una serie de actividades cuyo objetivo es desvincularlos de la comunidad de humanos para permitirles adquirir cualidades ontológicas específicas e introducirse en la selva de manera más segura al ser identificados por quienes la habitan y la poseen. Lo que se propone en este documento es que los procedimientos rituales realizados por los «buenos» cazadores responden a la estructura del cosmos nahua y tienen como propósito (re)configurar temporalmente la continuidad entre ellos y el Dueño de Animales; lo anterior con el fin de realizar la actividad cinegética de manera segura y poder conseguir con ello su propósito: acceder a la carne de monte.Abstract: Hunting is a complex scenario that allows to configure the relationships between humans and non-humans. These relationships have been observed, through ethnographic fieldwork, between the Nahuas of San Martín Mazateopan, a community located in the southeast of the state of Puebla. Hunting in Mazateopan is not only a means of subsistence, but a means of communicating with the owner of the animals, the Tepechane, who will hand over his «daughters», the deer, to the hunters. To achieve this, they carry out a series of activities whose objective is to dissociate them from the human community, to allow them to acquire specific ontological qualities and to enter the jungle in a more secure way when they are identified by those who inhabit and own them. Therefore, what is proposed in this document is that the ritual procedures practiced by the «good» hunters respond to the structure of the Nahua cosmos and aim to (re) temporarily configure the continuity between them and the owner of the animal. The above in order to conduct the hunting activity safely and thus achieve its objective: access to bushmeat.Keywords: hunting; Nahuas; feeding; hierarchy; alliance.Résumé : La chasse est un scénario complexe qui vous permet de configurer les relations entre les humains et les non-humains. Ces relations ont été observées, grâce à des travaux ethnographiques sur le terrain, entre les Nahuas de San Martín Mazateopan, une communauté située au sud-est de l’État de Puebla. La chasse à Mazateopan n’est pas seulement un moyen de subsistance, mais aussi un moyen de communiquer avec le propriétaire des animaux, le Tepechane, qui remettra ses « filles », le cerf, aux chasseurs. Pour y parvenir, ils mènent une série d’activités dont l’objectif est de les dissocier de la communauté humaine, de leur permettre d’acquérir des qualités ontologiques spécifiques et d’entrer dans la jungle de manière plus sécurisée lorsqu’ils sont identifiés par ceux qui l’habitent et en sont propriétaires. En conséquence, ce qui est proposé dans ce document est que les procédures rituelles pratiquées par les « bons » chasseurs répondent à la structure du cosmos Nahua et visent à (re) configurer temporairement la continuité entre eux et le propriétaire des animaux. Ce qui précède afin de mener l’activité de chasse en toute sécurité et d’atteindre ainsi son objectif: l’accès à la viande de brousse.Mots-clés : chasse ; Nahuas ; alimentation ; hiérarchie ; alliance.

scholarly journals Remittance Houses and Transnational Citizenship: Mapping Eritrea’s Diaspora–State Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-80
Author(s):  
Milena Belloni
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Housing Projects ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Transnational Citizenship ◽  
A Site

Can diaspora houses be used as a site to explore transnational citizenship? Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Eritrea, this article shows that different kinds of remittance houses reify different categories of transnational citizens with various sets of rights and duties. Drawing on studies on state–diaspora relations and remittance houses, I illustrate the key role that housing plays in the Eritrean state’s efforts to build a loyal diaspora. By looking at housing projects (state-led and individual) over the last thirty years, the article shows how different groups of emigrants – based on their relationship to the state of origin as well as their status in their country of residence – have been more or less able to realise their aspirations to build a house back home. By doing this, I show the importance of considering remittance houses as not only transnational cultural artefacts but also political claims to membership.

scholarly journals APLICACIÓN DEL BARCODING PARA LA ESTIMACIÓN DE LA DIVERSIDAD ESPECÍFICA DE LA FAMILIA LORICARIIDAE (PISCES: SILURIFORMES) EN LA REGIÓN SAN MARTÍN, AMAZONIA PERUANA

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-90
Author(s):  
Carlos ANGULO ◽  
Dixner RENGIFO ◽  
Manuel NAVAS ◽  
Erick DEL ÁGUILA ◽  
Diana CASTRO RUIZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
La Selva ◽  
El Dorado ◽  
San Martín

Fue estimada la diversidad específica de la familia Loricariidae (Siluriformes, Pisces) en las 10 provincias de la región San Martín (Amazonia peruana). Para la caracterización molecular fueron obtenidas las secuencias nucleotídicas del gen mitocondrial Citocromo C Oxidasa sub unidad I (COI). El análisis filogenético de las secuencias confirmó la presencia de 16 especies, distribuidos en nueve géneros. Los valores de la riqueza observada y la riqueza esperada muestran a la provincia Picota como la de mayor riqueza (siete especies), contrariamente la provincia Rioja fue la que presentó la menor riqueza observada (una especie), seguida por la provincia El Dorado (dos especies). El análisis de componente principal (PCA) nos permitió observar la importancia que tiene la especie Chaetostoma sp. 1 en la provincia Rioja, así como Ancistrus sp. 2 para la provincia San Martín. Además nuestros resultados muestran que la especie más abundante en la región San Martín fue Chaetostoma sp. 1, mientras que la de menor abundancia fueron Aphanotorolus emarginatus y Chaetostoma sp. 3. La especie de mayor distribución fue Ancistrus sp. 2 encontrándose en seis provincias, seguida de las especies Chaetostoma stroumpoulos y Chaetostoma sp. 1 quienes estuvieron presentes en cinco provincias diferentes de la región San Martín. Las especies Pterygoplichthys pardalis, Aphanotorulus emarginatus, Chaetostoma sp. 3, Ancistrus sp. 1 y Farlowella smithi estuvieron restrictas cada una a solo una provincia. Las especies comerciales conocidas como carachama parda P. pardalis y carachama negra Hypostomus hemicochliodon fueron poco frecuentes en las capturas (seis y 11 individuos respectivamente), la primera estuvo restricta solo a la provincia de Picota, en tanto que la segunda fue encontrada en las provincias de Bellavista, Huallaga y Picota. Los resultados muestran que si bien la diversidad de especies de loricáridos no es tan diversa como en la selva baja, algunas especies de esta familia están bien distribuidas y son bastante abundantes en esta región.

scholarly journals Wilful entanglements: Extractive industries and the co-production of sovereignty in Mozambique

Ethnography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Resources ◽  
The State ◽  
Extractive Industries ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Extractive Industry ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Separate Spheres ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Industry Sector

This article looks at how actors commonly associated with the separate spheres of the state, private industry, and civil society, are engaging in wilful entanglements to improve the Mozambican state’s capacities in managing the country’s nascent extractive industry sector. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in and around the Ministry of Mineral Resources and Energy, the article suggests that these entanglements renegotiate and co-produce ideas and practices of the state. Historicising and ethnographically unpacking these interactions invites us to rethink one-dimensional accounts of a hollowing out of bounded, nation-state sovereignty under the influence of globalised capitalism.

The Heroic Guerrilla

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Miguel La Serna
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Leader ◽  
Labor Activists ◽  
Enrique Lopez Albujar ◽  
Che Guevara ◽  
San Martín

Daniel Bravo is a young boy in San Martin, a department in the Amazon. The son of a peasant labor leader, he experiences the effects of a police massacre of labor activists in Tabalosos. Victor Polay and Nestor Cerpa head up a guerrilla front in San Martin to commemorate the anniversary of the death of Latin American revolutionary Che Guevara. The state counterinsurgency, headed by Defense Minister Enrique Lopez Albujar, comes to San Martin

Money, Maturity, and Migrant Aspirations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryll Alipio
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The State ◽  
Moral Evaluation ◽  
Financial Responsibility ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Migrant Labour ◽  
At Home

Since the state institutionalization of migrant labour began in the Philippines, countless children have been ‘left behind’ bereft of one, or even both, parents. Consequently, the moral evaluation of familial and financial responsibility has intensified. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork in the various institutions involved in the quotidian lives of young people, this chapter uses Cheryl Mattingly’s (2013) notion of the ‘moral laboratory’ at home and in school to explore lived engagements with money, morality, and mobility. In the reimagining and pursuit of future possibilities beyond a life of poverty and unemployment, this chapter contends that young people’s experimentation with money as a form of mobile or migrant aspiration reflects their strategic moral values and maturation.

Everyday Policing and Legality

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-54
Author(s):  
Santana Khanikar
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Police Force ◽  
The Self ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Police Personnel ◽  
Crime Investigation

How does a police force in the capital city of a democracy operate at an everyday level? Ethnographic fieldwork of policing practices inside police stations and outside in the policed territories and interpreting them in the light of police manuals and laws, help develop in this chapter a background to understand the place of the police as an institution and the police personnel as performers of the state, in the self-imaginations of police personnel as well as in the imaginations of those in the margins. Looking at methods of crime investigation and categories such as ‘Bad Character’, the chapter further comments on constructions of crime and criminality. The chapter also briefly engages with the question of the positionality of the researcher and how the identity of an intersectional ‘outsider’ in the space of a police station evokes complex responses.

scholarly journals The Korku Tribe of Melghat Region in India and Their Current State: An Ethnographic Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Hari Ram Choudhary ◽  
Abdul Azeez E. P.
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Madhya Pradesh ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Developmental Issues ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Tribal Populations

This article is an attempt to document the perturbing socioeconomic and developmental issues of the Korku tribe, one of the most deprived tribal populations found in the state of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, India. The article is a product of extensive ethnographic fieldwork conducted in 10 villages of Melghat region of Maharashtra for a period of 1 year. A close examination was done on the life, lifestyles, and the socioeconomic and developmental indices of the community. The reflections from the fieldwork underline discouraging trends and show the ubiquitous social and development issues of the community. The major shifts in the socioeconomic and cultural life of the Korkus are detailed along with the state of basic amenities, livelihood, health, education, and political affairs. Further, child- and women-related issues are emphasized. The evidence from the study urges the need for focused attention on the developmental strategies for the community.

The Commune of Being and Time

Dialogue ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 708-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graeme Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Being And Time ◽  
Human Community

One cannot determine whether a book is a work of political philosophy merely by glancing at its contents. Heidegger's Being and Time is a case in point. It offers no discussion of the topics which are commonly thought to constitute political philosophy—the state, the nature of law, human rights, and so on. But particular themes such as these reflect in large part the actual conditions which prevailed at certain times and places, fourth-century Athens and seventeenth-century England, for example, so they must not be thought to constitute an outline of the eternal problems of political philosophy. When a philosopher embarks upon a new line of thought at a different time and under novel circumstances, he may find himself instituting a new vocabulary for the problems of the human community.

scholarly journals Il castello di Morrea. Evoluzione e destino delle strutture fortificate nel centro Italia

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Cecamore
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Proper Position ◽  
Western Front ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Building Environment ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
Complex Scenario

The castle of Morrea. Evolution and destiny of fortified structures in Central ItalyThe shape that today characterizes the fortified building of the castle of Morrea is only the last of the various stratifications that have modified the original layout thorughout the centuries. The current aspect of the building is most likely linked to the interventions promoted by the Piccolomini family between the twentieth and twenty-first century. The building represents the evolution from castrum to aristocratic residence that involves the various fortified structures placed along the Apennine ridge between the eastern and western front of Central Italy. In this area the various degrees of transformations of the castles, which are periodically updated for reasons due to oxidation and representative natures, are clearly readable. The artifacts analyseable represent a wide range of samples of fortifications of the most ancient form of specialized buildings which were often largely left in the state of ruins, including that of buildings yet still functional, however, far from their consistency and original purpose. The overall panorama of this architectural heritage outlines a complex scenario consisting of problems related to the conservation and maintenance where restoration projects need to find and be in the proper position of restoration and respect of the bond between the building environment, the landscape and the identities of the territory.

scholarly journals ENSAYO DE PROPAGACION DE VARIEDADES DE VID EN SELVA ALTA

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Carlos CASTAÑEDA-RUIZ ◽  
Héctor GARAYAR-MELENDEZ
Keyword(s):  
La Selva ◽  
San Martín

El cultivo de la variedad Borgoña negra (Isabella) es de uso corriente en el departamento de San Martín, ubicado en la selva alta del país. Para investigar si otros cultivares de la costa central pueden adaptarse a las condiciones climáticas de selva alta, se está ensayando el cultivo de catorce variedades procedentes del departamento de Ica. Los trabajos se realizaron durante los años l988-89 en la Estación Experimental El Porvenir, localizada en el distrito de Juan Guerra, provincia y departamento de San Martín, a 356 m.s.m.m. La temperatura media anual osciló alrededor de 26.5ºC y las precipitaciones bordearon los 1,000 mm. En el mismo período. Durante los años 1988 y 1989 se examinó la propagación, plantando estacas sin injertar en bolsas de polietileno negro, de 15 x 30 cm., conteniendo 2 kilos de sustrato. De este modo, se evitó las dificultades que en el plantado directo y en la formación de almácigos en el suelo originan el exhuberante crecimiento de la maleza o la desecación en los períodos de escasa pluviosidad. En 1988, los almácigos se formaron con estacas de no menos de 6 mm. Llegando a tener hasta más de l2 mm. De diámetro, dejando 1 a 4 yemas al aire. El prendimiento promedio alcanzó el 41.8%, variando entre el 22% exhibido por la variedad “Albilla’ y el 76.2% que correspondió a la “Cardinal” (Cuadro Nº1). Se halló que el prendimiento fue directamente proporcional al grosor de las estacas e inversamente al número de yemas vistas. En el segundo año, se emplearon estacas entre 7 y10 mm. De diámetro con sólo 1 a 2 yemas a la vista, sin variarlos factores de vivero, riego, sustrato, bolsas y personal. Los elementos climáticos se manifestaron similares a los del año precedente. Sin embargo, el nivel de prendimiento en el almácigo ascendió en promedio a 81.9%, distribuyéndose entre el 43.3% de la variedad Torontel” y el 100% de “Negra corriente”. El método de propagación utilizado facilitó el control de la humedad del sustrato, el manejo fitosanitario de los plantones, su transporte y el plantado en el viñedo.  El objetivo de la investigación fue establecer una tecnología apropiada para la propagación de vides costeñas en las condiciones climáticas y agronómicas típicas de este departamento y, por extensión, de la selva alta norte. Como el material genético proviene de la poda que se cumple una vez al año en Ica, los ensayos sólo pudieron verificarse con esa periodicidad.

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