scholarly journals La muerte de los pequeñitos: entre el dogma y las creencias populares. Francia, de finales de la Antigüedad a la Época Moderna

Revista Trace ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Isabelle Séguy
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Funeral Rites ◽  
The Social ◽  
Risk Period ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Modern Europe

A menudo, el nacimiento acompaña a la muerte, perturbando el ciclo de las generaciones y el orden social. La fragilidad biológica de los recién nacidos encuentra un eco en los ritos de presentación que durante mucho tiempo coincidieron con el final de ese período “de riesgo”. Los niños que fallecían en ese período intermedio tenían derecho a recibir tratamientos funerarios particulares, heredados de una representación arcaica de la muerte. En la Europa medieval y moderna, el destino de las almas infantiles siempre fue una preocupación para los padres y para toda la sociedad. A lo largo de los siglos, se redujo el plazo entre el nacimiento y el bautismo, hasta el punto de coincidir con el día del nacimiento, con el fin de asegurar la salvación espiritual de todos los recién nacidos. Para los que fallecían antes del bautismo, se pusieron en práctica algunas soluciones originales para evitar que sus almas vagasen eternamente en el Limbo y para darles una sepultura decente.Abstract: Often, birth alternates with death, disrupting the cycle of generations and social order. Family and social behavior to welcome the newborns spread out their biological frailty. For a long time, rites surrounding the social introduction of the newborn took place at the end of this “risk” period. Infants who died during this marginal period received particular funeral rites, heritage of an archaic representation of death. In Medieval and Modern Europe, parents and whole society were concerned with the future of children’s souls. By taking place as close at birth as possible, the Christian baptism allowed protecting child’s salvation, which was considered more important than his own survival. For those who died before this sacrament, original solutions were put in place to keep their souls from eternally wandering in limbo and to give them a decent burial.Résumé : Souvent la naissance voisine avec la mort, perturbant le cycle des générations et l’ordre social. La fragilité biologique des nouveau-nés trouve un écho dans les rites de présentation qui ont coïncidé longtemps avec la fin de la période “à risque”. Les enfants qui décédaient dans cette période de marge avaient droit à des traitements funéraires particuliers, hérités d’une représentation archaïque de la mort. Dans l’Europe médiévale et moderne, le devenir des âmes enfantines a toujours été une préoccupation pour les parents et pour la société tout entière. Au fil des siècles, le délai entre la naissance et le baptême s’est réduit, au point de coïncider le même jour, afin d’assurer le salut spirituel de tous les nouveau-nés. Pour ceux qui décédaient avant le baptême, des solutions originales ont été mises en oeuvre pour éviter que leurs âmes errent éternellement dans les limbes et pour leur donner une sépulture décente.

scholarly journals Periferni likovi u romanu U registraturi Ante Kovačića

2021 ◽  
pp. 272-285
Author(s):  
Marijana Terić
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Fantasy Literature ◽  
City Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Literary Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Fantastic Realism ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

In this paper, the author examines a work of one of the most significant Croatian literary writers, Ante Kovačić, whose novel U registraturi (In the Registry Office) is considered by many literary critics and theoreticians to be the best writing of Croatian realism. It is an author who was not understood at the time when his work appeared, which is why the text was published in the form of a novel with a twenty-three year delay. Nonlinear composition of the text, elements of fantasy literature and innovative literary process in creating a fabula and sujet course of events confused literary critics as well as readership, which points to the fact that Ante Kovačić was treated for a long time as a peripheral author. In this narrative text, the misery and helplessness of peasants and their revolt against their feudal lords in Croatia are described, therefore the object of our analysis will be the characterisation of figures from various layers of society, with a particular focus on the “peripheral characters” of Kovačić’s prose. Using the term “peripheral characters” we will attempt to bring close those characters of subjugated peasants in relation to the feudal-capitalist social layer and thereby emphasise their role in the novel in relation to their fate. Unlike the characters of the peasants – Ivica Kičmanović (whom the social order turns into a lackey and scoundrel); Jožica Zgubidan (the personification of a poor person from Zagorje), Anica (a patriarchal girl with an angelic face); Miha; Perica; the neighbouring Kanoniks; and the Medonjićes – Kovačić brings us harsh, drastic images of moral vacillations in the city in which figures, distorted into caricatures, dominate. By contrasting the rural environment with the city life, the author is writing an “epopee of the village and city” in which the “peripheral characters” become tragic ones. These characters are the carriers of elements of “fantastic realism,” and their function is to show all the depravities of society and to announce the phenomenon of the innovative processes of narration familiar to authors of the modern literature. Finally, we come to the conclusion that Ante Kovačić made a step forward in relation to the generation of realists, with the peripheral position of his creation disappearing with the emergence of modern literary achievements, which ultimately gives the author and his work a polished place in Croatian literature.

Çatalhöyük: A Prehistoric Settlement on the Konya Plain

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hodder
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Symbolic System ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
The Social

This article discusses findings from excavations at Çatalhöyük. There is limited evidence for specialized and differentiated economic, political, and social functions at Çatalhöyük. Rather, the effect of a “town” (a large agglomeration of people living packed against each other) is produced by the repetition of social behavior within houses. Daily acts were heavily routinized and reconfirmed the social order. People were brought up within daily routines through which they learned the roles and rules of society. In addition, these rules and conventions were set within an elaborate symbolic system that centered around wild animals and the ancestors buried beneath the floors.

Memories of the Future: The Mara—Contingency and Affiliation with Excess

Young ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossana Reguillo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Violent Acts

The commitment to analyze, interrogate and articulate the meaning of youth violence in a geopolitical arena, that is reorganizing global relations through appeals to fear and diverse rhetoric of security, acquires a crucial importance. This is particularly the case as certain categories of young people are demonized a priori and as the violent acts attributed to them are presented in an extremely simplified version. The immediate effect is the fuelled anger of the so-called public opinion and the emergence of the propitious environment for the implementation of authoritarian solutions that are detrimental to democracy and human rights. The mara represents the perfect portrait of an extreme threat and unfortunately, its members actively participate in the dissemination of their own myth, in which fiction and reality intermingle to certify that post-apocalyptic prophesies do take place on those meaning-inscribed bodies that advance ominously upon both real and symbolic territories as living testaments to the fragility of the social order that we have created.

Russia and the West: A Comparison and Contrast

Slavic Review ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry L. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
The West ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time

Comparisons of Russia with the “West” have been a staple of historians and of contemporary observers for a very long time, and no end is in sight. A recent appraisal of Soviet developments in the decade after the death of Stalin was devoted in part to a consideration of the prospects for “a gradual convergence of the social and/or political systems of the West and the Soviet Union.” The variety of the contributors’ responses—“ very likely,” “necessarily uncertain,” “unlikely any meaningful convergence,” “highly improbable,” “depends on what is meant by ‘gradual’ “—suggests an ample range of disagreement, both in expectations for the future and in the characterization of the contrasts underlying these expectations.

Auf dem Weg zu einer neuen europäischen Sozialordnung

1992 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Theodor Strohm
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Critical Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
European Unification

Abstract The author reflects upon the present debate about the future development of the social shape of Europe and discusses possibilities and perspectives for the realization of a solidary social order in the process of European unification. In these recollections the pluralism of the social security systems is considered. Against the background of protestant traditions the author pleads for a critical orientation at the priciple of subsidiaries. In the frame of this principle people in need of help are to be enabled to active self-help.

scholarly journals Violence, crime dystopia and the dialectics of (dis)order in The Purge films

2021 ◽  
pp. 174165902110394
Author(s):  
Liviu Alexandrescu
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Future ◽  
Us Government ◽  
Systemic Violence

Crime dystopia is the cultural site where some of the most gripping fears around the failure to order, civilise and make life secure are expressed. In The Purge film franchise, crime becomes legal in America for a night each year, when violence and destructive impulses are freely discharged and actively encouraged by the US government. This article proposes a critical discussion of some of the criminological themes in the films, reading the institutionalised carnage of Purge night as a metaphor for the systemic violence of the market and further on for liberal governance as a philosophy of war, scarred by the horror of hidden monsters. It then argues that dystopian aesthetics can obscure the failures and antagonisms of the social order in the present, as well as punctuate anti-utopian fears of the future.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL OF THE PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE CULTURE FORMATION OF A FUTURE TEACHERS SAFE LIFESTYLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
L.A. Akimov ◽  
◽  
V.G. Ryndak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Future Teacher ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

The increase in the crisis phenomena of modern life determines the social order for pedagogical universities to establish a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher, who is capable of timely and appropriate actions to meet the ever-increasing challenges of ensuring safety in education and raising a viable generation. The fruitful actualization and realization of the developing potential of the educational environment of the pedagogical university to achieve the effectiveness of the process under study is in demand. The purpose of our theoretical research was to substantiate the developing potential of the educational environment of the pedagogical university in the formation of a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher and the experience of its implementation. The concept of “developing potential of the educational environment of a pedagogical university” is considered by us as a set of resources and opportunities. They can be successfully implemented by the subjects of pedagogical education in the selected areas to ensure the necessary and sufficient pedagogical, didactic, organizational conditions for the formation of a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher. The resources and capabilities of the developing potential of the educational environment of a pedagogical university are classified by us as available means that determine the achievement of the effectiveness of the process under study. What is fundamentally new in the results of our research is the allocation of normative-cultural, didactic-professional and interactive-productive spheres in the developing potential of the educational environment of a pedagogical university, within which the allocated opportunities and resources are implemented. Thus, it is advisable to structure the developing potential of the educational environment in the totality of resources, opportunities, and areas in which the effectiveness of the formation of a culture of a safe lifestyle of the future teacher is achieved. Resources and opportunities can be demanded by university teachers for a socially determined, pedagogically accompanied process of changing the professional and personal quality of a teacher.

Science and Politics

1951 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Kelsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Science And Politics ◽  
Essential Function

It is a commonplace to assert that science should be independent of politics. By this one usually means that the search for truth, which is the essential function of science, should not be influenced by political interests, which are the interests concerned with the establishment and maintenance of a definite social order or a particular social institution. Politics as the art of government, that is to say, the practice of regulating the social behavior of men, is a function of will and, as such, an activity which necessarily presupposes the conscious or unconscious assumption of values, the realization of which is the purpose of the activity. Science is a function of cognition; its aim is not to govern but to explain. To describe the world is its object. Its independence of politics means in the last analysis, that the scientist must not presuppose any value; consequently he has to restrict himself to an explanation and a description of his object without judging it as good or bad, i.e., as being in conformity with, or contrary to, a presupposed value. This implies that the statements by which a scientist describes and explains the object of his inquiry must not be influenced by values in which he himself believes.

scholarly journals Managerial competence as a characteristic of the future officer’s personality: experimental results and theoretical conclusions

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 00083
Author(s):  
S.N. Sorokoumova ◽  
V.N. Buryakov ◽  
D.D. Yarkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Managerial Competence ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
Special Meaning

Today, at a time of unstable social, political and economic conditions in Russia and around the world, the importance of opening new ways of development and improving the managerial competence of future officers takes on a special meaning. Today, the requirements for the military profession are changing, for a high level of development of managerial abilities, which are based on managerial competence. The effectiveness of the management activities of future officers in the military directly depends on the level of formation of their managerial competence. The success of the formation of managerial competence of future officers depends on the conditions of the educational environment, which takes into account the social order of society for a fully developed military specialist, optimally integrated into society, able to think outside the box and carry out productive social interactions in various spheres of social and military activities. The novelty of the research consists in the expansion of the conceptual apparatus of pedagogical science by modeling and determining the essence and structure of the managerial competence of the future officer; in the development and experimental testing of a diagnostic device that includes criteria, indicators, evaluation tools, measuring rulers, methods of data interpretation and qualitative characteristics of levels, which allows you to diagnose the levels and indicators of the formation of managerial competence of a future officer.

scholarly journals A Liberal Order Beyond Earth? Civil Sphere, “The Culture” and the Future of Liberalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-60
Author(s):  
Werner Binder ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Civil Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Fiction Writers ◽  
Liberal Societies ◽  
Religious Devotion ◽  
Meaning Structure ◽  
Cultural Contradictions

Starting with George Orwell’s liberal problem of meaning, this article investigates liberalism as cultural structure and myth, drawing on the theory of civil sphere by Jeffrey C. Alexander and the science fiction novels of Ian M. Banks. Following Alexander, it is argued that liberal societies are built around a sacred core described by the cultural structures of the civil sphere, which are structures of meaning as well as feeling. Civil discourses and movements in liberal (and not so liberal) societies mobilize powerful sym-bols of the sacred and profane and are thus able to inspire an almost religious devotion. The article then continues to explore the meaning structure, cultural contradictions and possible future of the liberal order discussing Bank’s Culture series. These novels are set in the borderlands of “the Culture”, a galactic civili-zation and liberal utopia. It is precisely this utopian setting, which allows Banks to probe the internal dilemmas of liberalism, for example between pacifism and interventionism, while addressing issues of contemporary relevance, such as the liberal problem of meaning, the allure of authoritarianism or the social status of artificial intelligence. With their literary imagination, science fiction writers construct “a myth of the future” (Banks), which may often reflect the myths of their time, but which can also—as in the case of Banks—reflect on those myths, their implications and contradictions. Finally, the fictional possibilities of social order in science fiction can be a valuable source for our imagination as sociologists contemplat-ing the very possibility of social order.

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