scholarly journals Nitrate nitrogen due to fertilizer application to tea plantation and its effect on ambient surface water

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki II ◽  
Tatemasa HIRATA ◽  
Hiroshi MATSUO ◽  
Norio TASE ◽  
Masataka NISHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Ambient Surface

scholarly journals Impact of Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications on Surface Water Nitrate Levels within a Kenyan Tea Plantation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Maghanga ◽  
J. L. Kituyi ◽  
P. O. Kisinyo ◽  
W. K. Ng’etich
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Tea Plantation ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tea Production

Tea production in the Kenyan Rift Valley uses high rates of nitrogenous fertilizer. Nitrates can be discharged to water bodies through leaching and surface run-off. Nitrate levels above 10 mg/LNO3-–N cause methemoglobinemia which is fatal. A study to monitor changes in surface water nitrate levels was carried out in ten rivers within a Kenyan tea plantation for three years. Water samples were obtained before and after fertilizer application in 2004, 2005, and 2006. Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-–N) was determined colorimetrically by the cadmium reduction method using HACH-DR 2400 dataloging spectrophotometer. For the three years, the highest nitrate-nitrogen levels were in river Temochewa in 2005 during the first fertilizer applications (4.9 mg/L to 8.2 mg/L). There was no established trend between surface water nitrate levels and the time of fertilizer applications; however, fertilizer application contributed to an increase in nitrate levels. The initial nitrate-nitrogen levels in most of the rivers were high, indicating that contamination could have been upstream; hence, further research is required to establish this. Nitrogen-nitrogen levels in the three years were below the maximum contaminant level of 10 mg/LNO3-–N; however, the rivers should be monitored frequently.

Response of oats to seeding rate and nitrogen in the southern wheat belt of New South Wales

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (67) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
OR Southwood ◽  
F Mengersen ◽  
PJ Milham
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
New South ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Oat Cultivars

The effect of three rates of nitrogen (22.4, 44.8 and 89.6 kgNha-1 as anhydrous ammonia) and three seeding rates (67.3, 100.9, and 134.5 kg ha-1) on forage and grain production of two oat cultivars and on herbage nitrate-nitrogen concentration, was assessed at three sites in the southern New South Wales wheat belt. When oats were sown after two or three consecutive wheat crops nitrogen at 22.4 kg ha-1 was optimal for both forage and grain production. Herbage growth was best at the highest seeding rate (134.5 kg ha-1) but grain production was not influenced by seeding rate. Herbage growth of the oat cultivars Cooba and Coolabah was similar, but grain yields were higher from the latter. Herbage nitrate nitrogen increased linearly with nitrogen fertilizer application, levels that could be toxic to animals occurring in June. Cautious grazing management may be required during this period.

scholarly journals Impacts of the Sanmenxia Dam on the Interaction between Surface Water and Groundwater in the Lower Weihe River of Yellow River Watershed

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Han ◽  
Xianfang Song
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Surface Water And Groundwater ◽  
Dam Operation ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
The Impact

Sanmenxia Dam, one of the most controversial water conservancy projects in China, has seriously impacted the lower Weihe River of the Yellow River Watershed since its operation. At the Huaxian Station, the dam operation controls the surface water level and leads to the variation of the surface water–groundwater interaction relationship. The river channel switched from a losing reach during the early stage (1959) to a gaining reach in 2010 eventually. The comparison of tracer (Cl−, δ18O and δ2H) characteristics of surface water in successive reaches with that of ambient groundwater shows that the general interaction condition is obviously affected by the dam operation and the impact area can be tracked back to Weinan City, around 65 km upstream of the estuary of the Weihe River. The anthropogenic inputs (i.e., agricultural fertilizer application, wastewater discharge, and rural industrial sewage) could be responsible for the deterioration of hydro-environment during the investigation periods of 2015 and 2016, as the population and fertilizer consumption escalated in the last 60 years. The use of contaminated river water for irrigation, along with the dissolved fertilizer inputs, can affect the groundwater quality, in particular resulting in the NO3− concentrations ranging from 139.4 to 374.1 mg/L. The unregulated industrial inputs in some rural areas may increase the Cl− contents in groundwater ranging from 298.4 to 472.9 mg/L. The findings are helpful for the improved comprehensive understanding of impacts of the Sanmenxia Dam on the interaction between surface water and groundwater, and for improving local water resources management.

scholarly journals 133 Agronomic and Economic Evaluation of Seven Organic Nitrogen Fertilizers Applied to Bell Peppers

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 464D-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Gaskell
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Organic Vegetable Production ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Seabird Guano

Organic vegetable production acreage is expanding in California, but little research-based information is available to guide growers. Several new organic fertilizer materials are available but little data exists on efficient use of these materials. During 1998, the following materials: compost (C), pelleted chicken manure (PCM), fish meal (FM), liquid fish (LF), liquid soybean meal (LSM), feather meal (FTM), and seabird guano (SG) were evaluated. Each material was applied at treatment rates of 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg nitrogen (N)/ha to transplanted, sprinkler irrigated bell peppers. The materials were applied as 30N pre-transplant (PRE) and 30N at 20 days post-transplant (POST) for the 60N treatment; 60N PRE and 30N at 20 days POST and 30N at 40 days POST for the 120N treatment; and 60N PRE, 30N at 20 days POST, 45N at 40 days POST, and 45N at 70 days POST for the 180N treatment. Weekly soil nitrate nitrogen (SSN) over 16 weeks POST and fresh pepper yield was determined for all treatments. Weekly SSN varied from lows of 4 mg·kg-1 in 0N-treated plots to over 80 mg·kg-1 in FTM 180N-treated plots. Highest SSN was observed in FTM-, SG-, LSM-, LF-, and FM-treated plots at 180N and peaks in SSN lagged fertilizer application 3 to 4 weeks. Total pepper yield was not as markedly affected as early yield and size. Highest early yield and largest sizes were observed in FTM 180N-treated plots. Compost treated plots at 180N produced highest economic return per fertilizer dollar.

scholarly journals Best Management Practices for Minimizing Nitrate Leaching from Container-Grown Nurseries

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianjun Chen ◽  
Yingfeng Huang ◽  
Russell D. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Nitrate Leaching ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
N Management

Containerized plant production represents an extremely intensive agricultural practice; 40,000 to 300,000 containers may occupy one acre of surface area to which a large amount of chemical fertilizer is applied. Currently, recommended fertilizer application rates for the production of containerized nursery ornamental plants are in excess of plant requirements, and up to 50% of the applied fertilizers may run off or be leached from containers. Among the nutrients leached or allowed to runoff, nitrogen (N) is the most abundant and is of major concern as the source of ground and surface water pollution. In this report, current N fertilizer application rates for different container-grown nursery ornamental plants, the amount of nitrate leaching or runoff from containers, and the potential for nitrate contamination of ground and surface water are discussed. In contrast, our best N management practices include: (1) applying fertilizers based on plant species need; (2) improving potting medium�s nutrient holding capacity using obscure mineral additives; (3) using controlled-release fertilizers; and (4) implementing zero runoff irrigation or fertigation delivery systems that significantly reduce nitrate leaching or runoff in containerized plant production and encourage dramatic changes in N management.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Fertilizer Treatments on Rhizosphere Soil Microbiome Composition and Functions

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Yanan Li ◽  
Chengyu Wang ◽  
Tianye Wang ◽  
Yutao Liu ◽  
Shuxia Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Differentially Expressed Gene ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Microbiome Composition

Fertilization influences the soil microbiome. However, little is known about the effects of long-term fertilization on soil microbial metabolic pathways. In this study, we investigated the soil microbiome composition and function and microbial participation in the N cycle according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO) functional annotation of different genes in a metagenomic analysis after long-term fertilization. Fertilizer application significantly changed the soil C/N ratio. Chemical fertilizer (NPK) treatment decreased soil pH, and chemical fertilizer combined with straw (NPK+S0.5) treatment increased ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) but decreased nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N). NPK, NPK+S0.5 and S0.5 applications did not change the soil microbiome composition or dominant phylum but changed the relative abundances of microbiome components. Moreover, fertilizer significantly influenced metabolic processes, cellular processes and single-organism processes. Compared with a no-fertilizer treatment (CK), the NPK treatment resulted in more differentially expressed gene (DEG) pathways than the NPK+S0.5 and S0.5 treatments, and these pathways significantly correlated with soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N), available phosphorus (AP) and the moisture content of soil (MC). KEGG analysis found that fertilizer application mainly affected the ribosome, photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. S0.5 and NPK+S0.5 increased microbial nitrogen fixation, and NPK and NPK+S0.5 decreased amoA and amoB and accelerated denitrification. Thus, organic fertilizer increased N fixation and nitrification, and inorganic N fertilizer accelerated denitrification. We found that the function of the soil microbiome under different fertilizer applications could be important for the rational application of fertilizer and for environmental and sustainable development.

Mechanistic insights into the effects of N fertilizer application on N2O-emission pathways in acidic soil of a tea plantation

2014 ◽  
Vol 389 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Cheng ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jin-Bo Zhang ◽  
Christoph Müller ◽  
Shen-Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Tea Plantation
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