A Study on the Effects of the Uncertainity of Rainfall Spatial Distribution on the Discharge and Water Level of River on Runoff

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. I_261-I_266
Author(s):  
Naoki KOYAMA ◽  
Tadashi YAMADA
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Rainfall Spatial Distribution

scholarly journals Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Three Typical Dominant Wetland Vegetation Species’ Response to the Hydrological Gradient in a Ramsar Wetland, Honghe National Nature Reserve, Northeast China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2041
Author(s):  
Dandan Yan ◽  
Zhaoqing Luan ◽  
Dandan Xu ◽  
Yuanyuan Xue ◽  
Dan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Wetland Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Communities ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Carex Lasiocarpa ◽  
Vegetation Species ◽  
Calamagrostis Angustifolia

Water level fluctuations resulting from natural and anthropogenic factors have been projected to affect the functions and structures of wetland vegetation communities. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of the hydrological gradient on wetland vegetation. This paper presents a case study on the Honghe National Nature Reserve (HNNR) in the Sanjiang Plain, located in Northeast China. In this study, 210 plots from 18 sampling line transects were sampled in 2011, 2012, and 2014 along the hydrological gradient. Using a Gaussian logistic regression model, we determined a relationship between three wetland plant species and a hydrologic indicator—a combination of the water level and soil moisture—and then applied that relationship to simulate the distribution of plants across a larger landscape by the geographic information system (GIS). The results show that the optimum ecological amplitude of Calamagrostis angustifolia to the hydrological gradient based on the probability of occurrence model was [0.09, 0.41], that of Carex lasiocarpa was [0.35, 0.57], and that of Carex pseudocuraica was [0.49, 0.77]. The optimum of Calamagrostis angustifolia was 0.25, Carex lasiocarpa was 0.46, and Carex pseudocuraica was 0.63. Spatial distribution probability maps were generated, as were maps detailing the distribution of the most suitable habitats for wetland vegetation species. Finally, the model simulation results were verified, showing that this approach can be employed to provide an accurate simulation of the spatial distribution pattern of wetland vegetation communities. Importantly, this study suggests that it may be possible to predict the spatial distribution of different species from the hydrological gradient.

scholarly journals The Effects of Water Levels and Interspecific Competition on Two Carex Species in a Temperate Wetland of Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10654
Author(s):  
Wenwen Tan ◽  
Li Sun ◽  
Xinhou Zhang ◽  
Changchun Song
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Wetland Plants ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Carex Lasiocarpa ◽  
Temperate Wetland ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristic

Zonation along a water level is the main spatial distribution characteristic of wetland plants. This is mainly because of the influences of hydrological conditions and interspecific competition, which finally narrow the fundamental niche of a species to its realized niche. In the present study, a controlled experiment was conducted in order to analyze the relationship between Carex lasiocarpa/Carex pseudocuraica and Glyceria spiculosa, in conditions of three competitive treatments at four water levels. The results showed that in no competition, C. lasiocarpa preferred low water levels, but this preference receded when competing with G. spiculosa. In contrast, C. pseudocuraica had greater preference for low water level when competing with G. spiculosa. The root/shoot ratios of the two Carex species decreased with increasing water levels, but they were almost unaffected by different competition treatments. With the increase in water level during full competition with G. spiculosa, the competitive ability of C. lasiocarpa showed an increasing trend, whereas a contrary trend was observed in C. pseudocuraica. Our results suggested the effects of water levels and their interactions with interspecific competition varied between the two Carex species and played an important role in determining spatial distribution patterns and potential community succession of wetland plants.

How long-term water level changes influence the spatial distribution of fish and other functional groups in a large shallow lake

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra Bhele ◽  
Burak Öğlü ◽  
Arvo Tuvikene ◽  
Priit Bernotas ◽  
Maidu Silm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Shallow Lake ◽  
Large Shallow Lake ◽  
Water Level Changes ◽  
Distribution Of Fish

Study of Storm Surge Numerical Simulation in the Bohai Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 2288-2291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Qiang Zhang ◽  
Qian Lan Leng ◽  
Ze Jian Hu ◽  
Zi Chen Zhu ◽  
Wan Jun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Current Field ◽  
Extreme Water Level ◽  
The Bohai Sea ◽  
Astronomical Tide ◽  
Significant Difference

In this paper, a numerical model of the coupling between astronomical tide and storm surge based on hydraulic model for estuary and coast (ECOM) is confirmed to be suitable for simulation of stormsurge in the Bohai Sea. The spatial distribution of extreme water level and storm current field caused by typhoons in October 2003 are simulated.It shows that extreme water level in deep water are smaller than shallow water and the spatial distribution of extreme water level is influenced by topography.Flow filed in Bohai Sea waters takes on an fluctuation in flow field, compensatory flow and other obvious features during storm surge, compared storm surge with astronomical tide, which is a significant difference in flow filed.

scholarly journals Effects of water level and nutrients on spatial distribution of soil mesofauna in peatlands drained for forestry in Finland

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raija Laiho ◽  
Niko Silvan ◽  
Héctor Cárcamo ◽  
Harri Vasander
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Soil Mesofauna

scholarly journals Effects of Groundwater Inputs to the Hydraulic Circulation, Water Residence Time, and Salinity in a Moroccan Atlantic Lagoon

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Soukaina Elyaagoubi ◽  
Georg Umgiesser ◽  
Mehdi Maanan ◽  
Francesco Maicu ◽  
Jovita Mėžinė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Residence Time ◽  
Ramsar Convention

The finite element model SHYFEM was used to study the hydrodynamics and variability of water level, salinity, temperature, and water residence time (WRT) in the Oualidia lagoon located on the Moroccan Atlantic coast. The lagoon hosts a RAMSAR convention-protected area and also offers a set of valuable ecosystem services providing the source of income for the local population. To assess the effects of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) inputs in the study area, four simulations were set up using different SGD inputs estimates in addition to tidal forcing, bathymetry, meteorological data including solar radiation, rain, and wind, in addition to boundary conditions in the Atlantic such as salinity, water level, and water temperature. The model was calibrated and validated using hydrodynamic measurements of previous studies in 2012 and 2013. The final results from the model are in good agreement with measured data. The simulation with SGD input ~0.05 m3 s−1 produced salinity values closest to the observed ones. Calculated spatial distribution of WRT, temperature, and salinity reduced to coordinates in two PCA axes is consistent with lagoon zones developed earlier using the benthic macroinvertebrate distribution. The calculated spatial distribution of WRT allowed us to evaluate the placement of oyster aquaculture farms and small-scale fisheries in relation to water quality issues existing in the lagoon.

scholarly journals Dendrochronologically dated pine stumps document phase-wise bog expansion at a northwest German site between ca. 6700 and ca. 3400 BC

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inke Elisabeth Maike Achterberg ◽  
Jan Eckstein ◽  
Bernhard Birkholz ◽  
Andreas Bauerochse ◽  
Hanns Hubert Leuschner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Raised Bog ◽  
Water Level Rise ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract. The investigated northwest German mire site at “Totes Moor” is densely covered with subfossil pine stumps (Pinus sylvestris L.) from the fen–bog transition. This facilitates the spatio-temporal reconstruction of mire development, which is based on 212 in situ tree stumps in the case study presented here. Six dendrochronologically dated site chronologies together cover 2345 years between 6703 and 3403 BC. The gaps in between are 6 to 550 years long. Additionally, a floating chronology of 309 years, containing 30 trees, was radiocarbon-dated to the beginning of the 7th millennium cal BC. Peat-stratigraphical survey was carried out additionally, and elevations a.s.l. were determined at several locations. Tree dying-off phases, which indicate water level rise at the site, mostly in context of the local fen–bog transition, are evident for ca. 6600–6450, ca. 6350–5750, ca. 5300–4900, ca. 4700–4550, ca. 3900–3850, ca. 3700–3600, ca. 3500–3450 and ca. 3400 BC. The spatial distribution of the dated in situ trees illustrates the phase-wise expansion of raised bog over fen peat at the site. The documented bog expansion pulses likely correspond to climatic wet sifts.

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