scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Web-Based Tailored Smoking Cessation Interventions on the Quitting Process (Project Quit): Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibhas Chakraborty ◽  
Raju Maiti ◽  
Victor J Strecher
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Quit Attempts

BACKGROUND Project Quit was a randomized Web-based smoking cessation trial designed and conducted by researchers from the University of Michigan, where its primary outcome was the 7-day point prevalence. One drawback of such an outcome is that it only focuses on smoking behavior over a very short duration, rather than the quitting process over the entire study period. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to consider the number of quit attempts during the 6-month study period as an alternative outcome, which would better reflect the quitting process. We aimed to find out whether tailored interventions (high vs low) are better in reducing the number of quit attempts for specific subgroups of smokers. METHODS To identify interactions between intervention components of smoking cessation and individual smoker characteristics, we employed Poisson regression to analyze the number of quit attempts. This approach allowed us to construct data-driven, personalized interventions. RESULTS A negative effect of the number of cigarettes smoked per day (P=.03) and a positive effect of education (P=.03) on the number of quit attempts were detected from the baseline covariates (n=792). Thus, for every 10 extra cigarettes smoked per day, there was a 5.84% decrease in the expected number of quit attempts. Highly educated participants had a 15.49% increase in their expected number of quit attempts compared with their low-educated counterparts. A negative interaction between intervention component story and smoker’s education was also detected (P=.03), suggesting that a high-tailored story given to highly educated people results in 13.50% decrease in the number of quit attempts compared with a low-tailored story. CONCLUSIONS A highly individually tailored story is significantly more effective for smokers with a low level of education. This is consistent with prior findings from Project Quit based on the 7-day point prevalence.

scholarly journals Mixed-Methods for Comparing Tobacco Cessation Interventions

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnoosh Momin ◽  
Antonio Neri ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jennifer Kahende ◽  
Jennifer Duke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Intervention Component ◽  
Web Based

Introduction: The National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP) and National Tobacco Control Program (NTCP) are both well-positioned to promote the use of population-based tobacco cessation interventions, such as state quitlines and Web-based interventions.Aims: This paper outlines the methodology used to conduct a comparative effectiveness research (CER) study of traditional and Web-based tobacco cessation and quitline promotion approaches.Methods: A mixed-methods study with three components was designed to address the effect of promotional activities on service usage and the comparative effectiveness of population-based smoking cessation activities across multiple states.Results/Findings: The cessation intervention component followed 7,902 smokers (4,307 quitline users and 3,595 Web intervention users) to ascertain prevalence of 30-day abstinence rates seven months after registering for smoking cessation services. User characteristics and quit success was compared across the two modalities. In the promotions component, reach and use of traditional and innovative promotion strategies were assessed for 24 states, including online advertising, state Web sites, social media, mobile applications, and their effects on quitline call volume. The partnership intervention component studied the extent of collaboration among six selected NCCCPs and NTCPs.Conclusions: This study will guide program staff and clinicians with evidence-based recommendations and best practices for implementation of tobacco cessation within their patient and community populations and establish an evidence base that can be used for decision making.

scholarly journals Web-based decision-making tool for smoking cessation (Pare de fumar conosco) among patients with chronic conditions in Brazil : one-arm feasibility study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. e100063
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Cupertino ◽  
Francisco Cartujano-Barrera ◽  
Fernando Antonio Basile Colugnati ◽  
Taynara Dutra Batista Formagini ◽  
Arise Garcia de Siqueira Galil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Point Prevalence Abstinence ◽  
Decision Making Tool

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of Pare de fumar conosco, a web-based smoking cessation decision-making tool, among patients with chronic conditions in Brazil.MethodsWe recruited 85 Brazilian smokers in two clinical centres for chronic conditions to complete Pare de fumar conosco. Outcome measures included interest in using smoking cessation resources and self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence 12 weeks following the intervention.ResultsThe average age of participants was 54.2 years old (SD=10.5) and 77.9% had not completed high school. All participants were daily smokers and the majority smoked ≥11 cigarettes per day (63.5%). Pre–post intervention interest in using pharmacotherapy and group counselling significantly increased (82.4% vs 22.4%, p≤0.0001; and 85.9% vs 21.2%, p≤0.0001, respectively). At 12 weeks, eight participants (9.4%) reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence using intention-to-treat analysis (35.2% follow-up rate).ConclusionThe Pare de fumar conosco smoking cessation web-based tool significantly increased interest in pharmacotherapy and behavioural counselling. Additional testing as a formal randomised clinical trial appears warranted.

scholarly journals A Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Different Lengths of Nicotine Replacement Therapy for Smoking Cessation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu S. Abdullah ◽  
Anthony J. Hedley ◽  
Sophia S. C. Chan ◽  
Tai-Hing Lam
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Nicotine Replacement Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Nicotine Replacement ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Quit Rate

This study examined if 2-week free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) would be more effective than 1-week free NRT to help smokers quit smoking at 6 and 12 months. In a single-blinded randomized controlled trial design, 562 Chinese smokers who attended a smoking cessation clinic in Hong Kong, China, were randomly allocated into two groups (A1 and A2): A1 (n=284) received behavioural counselling with free NRT for 1 week; A2 (n=278) received similar counselling with free NRT for 2 weeks. All subjects received printed self-help materials to support their quitting efforts. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection, including pattern of NRT use and self-reported 7-day point prevalence quit rate at 6 months and 12 months. Among the participants, the mean number of cigarettes smoked per day was 18.8 (SD=10.9). By intention-to-treat analysis, 7-day point prevalence quit rates were not significantly different between A1 and A2 groups at 6-month (27.5% versus 27.3%;P=0.97) and 12-month (21.1% versus 21.2%;P=0.98) followup. The findings suggest that two-week free NRT was not more effective than 1-week free NRT to increase smoking cessation rate among Chinese smokers.

scholarly journals Comparing Two Web-Based Smoking Cessation Programs: Randomized Controlled Trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e40 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Garth McKay ◽  
Brian G Danaher ◽  
John R Seeley ◽  
Edward Lichtenstein ◽  
Jeff M Gau
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals Efficacy of a universal smoking cessation intervention initiated in inpatient psychiatry and continued post-discharge: A randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra P Metse ◽  
John Wiggers ◽  
Paula Wye ◽  
Luke Wolfenden ◽  
Megan Freund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Inpatient Psychiatry ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objective: Interventions are required to redress the disproportionate tobacco-related health burden experienced by persons with a mental illness. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a universal smoking cessation intervention initiated within an acute psychiatric inpatient setting and continued post-discharge in reducing smoking prevalence and increasing quitting behaviours. Method: A randomised controlled trial was undertaken across four psychiatric inpatient facilities in Australia. Participants ( N = 754) were randomised to receive either usual care ( n = 375) or an intervention comprising a brief motivational interview and self-help material while in hospital, followed by a 4-month pharmacological and psychosocial intervention ( n = 379) upon discharge. Primary outcomes assessed at 6 and 12 months post-discharge were 7-day point prevalence and 1-month prolonged smoking abstinence. A number of secondary smoking-related outcomes were also assessed. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on psychiatric diagnosis, baseline readiness to quit and nicotine dependence. Results: Seven-day point prevalence abstinence was higher for intervention participants (15.8%) than controls (9.3%) at 6 months post-discharge (odds ratio = 1.07, p = 0.04), but not at 12 months (13.4% and 10.0%, respectively; odds ratio = 1.03, p = 0.25). Significant intervention effects were not found on measures of prolonged abstinence at either 6 or 12 months post-discharge. Differential intervention effects for the primary outcomes were not detected for any subgroups. At both 6 and 12 months post-discharge, intervention group participants were significantly more likely to smoke fewer cigarettes per day, have reduced cigarette consumption by ⩾50% and to have made at least one quit attempt, relative to controls. Conclusions: Universal smoking cessation treatment initiated in inpatient psychiatry and continued post-discharge was efficacious in increasing 7-day point prevalence smoking cessation rates and related quitting behaviours at 6 months post-discharge, with sustained effects on quitting behaviour at 12 months. Further research is required to identify strategies for achieving longer term smoking cessation.

scholarly journals A Perioperative Smoking Cessation Intervention with Varenicline

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Wong ◽  
Amir Abrishami ◽  
Yiliang Yang ◽  
Amna Zaki ◽  
Zeev Friedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Smoking Cessation Intervention ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Cessation Intervention ◽  
Point Prevalence Abstinence

Background The efficacy of perioperative tobacco interventions on long-term abstinence and the safety of smoking cessation less than 4 weeks before surgery is unclear. Our objective was to determine the efficacy and safety of a perioperative smoking cessation intervention with varenicline to reduce smoking in elective surgical patients. Methods In a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 286 patients were randomized to receive varenicline or placebo. Both groups received in-hospital and telephone counseling during 12 months. The primary outcome was the 7-day point prevalence abstinence rate 12 months after surgery. Secondary outcomes included abstinence at 3 and 6 months after surgery. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent variables related to abstinence. Results The 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 12 months for varenicline versus placebo was 36.4% versus 25.2% (relative risk: 1.45; 95%: CI: 1.01-2.07; P = 0.04). At 3 and 6 months, the 7-day point prevalence abstinence was 43.7% versus 31.9% (relative risk: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.86; P = 0.04), and 35.8% versus 25.9% (relative risk: 1.43; 95%: CI 1.01-2.04; P = 0.04) for varenicline versus placebo, respectively. Treatment with varenicline (odds ratio: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.03-3.01; P = 0.04), and preoperative nicotine dependence (odds ratio: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.98; P = 0.03) predicted abstinence at 12 months. The adverse events profile in both groups was similar except for nausea, which occurred more frequently for varenicline versus placebo (13.3% vs. 3.7%, P = 0.004). Conclusions A perioperative smoking cessation intervention with varenicline increased abstinence from smoking 3, 6, and 12 months after elective noncardiac surgery with no increase in serious adverse events.

scholarly journals Tailored Web-Based Smoking Interventions and Reduced Attrition: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.2196/16255 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e16255
Author(s):  
Amika Shah ◽  
Michael Chaiton ◽  
Dolly Baliunas ◽  
Robert Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Passive Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Impact

Background The increasing number of internet users presents an opportunity to deliver health interventions to large populations. Despite their potential, many web-based interventions, including those for smoking cessation, face high rates of attrition. Further consideration of how intervention features impact attrition is needed. Objective The aim of this systematic review is to investigate whether tailored web-based smoking cessation interventions for smokers are associated with reduced rates of attrition compared with active or passive untailored web-based interventions. The outcomes of interest were dropout attrition at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Methods Literature searches were conducted in May 2018 and updated in May 2020 on MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), PsycINFO (Psychological Information), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica dataBASE), CINAHL (Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Scopus, and the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register with the following search terms: smoking cessation, tailored, or web- or internet-based. Included studies were published in English before or in May 2020 using a randomized controlled trial design. Studies were restricted to those with web-based delivery, a tailored intervention group, an untailored control group, and a reported outcome of smoking cessation. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Two reviewers independently extracted the study characteristics and the number of participants lost to follow-up for each treatment group. Results A total of 13 studies were included in the systematic review, of which 11 (85%) were included in the meta-analysis. Tailoring had no statistically significant effect on dropout attrition at 1-month (risk ratio [RR]=1.02, 95% CI 0.95-1.09; P=.58; I2=78%), 3-month (RR=0.99, 95% CI 0.95-1.04; P=.80; I2=73%), 6-month (RR=1.00, 95% CI 0.95-1.05; P=.90; I2=43%), or 12-month (RR=0.97, 95% CI 0.92-1.02; P=.26; I2=28%) follow-ups. Subgroup analyses suggested that there was a statistically significant effect of tailoring between the active and passive subgroups at 1-month (P=.03), 3-month (P<.001), and 6-month (P=.02) follow-ups but not at 12-month follow-up (P=.25). Conclusions The results suggest that tailoring of web-based smoking cessation interventions may not be associated with reduced rates of dropout attrition at 1-, 3-, 6-, or 12-month follow-ups. Significant differences between studies that include untailored active and passive control groups suggest that the role of tailoring may be more prominent when studies include a passive control group. These findings may be because of variability in the presence of additional features, the definition of smokers used, and the duration of smoking abstinence measured. Future studies should incorporate active web-based controls, compare the impact of different tailoring strategies, and include populations outside of the Western countries.

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