scholarly journals The Twitter Narrative: An Essential Perspective for Comparative Analyses on Emerging Tobacco Products (Preprint)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Danielle Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Comparative Analyses

BACKGROUND In a recently published article, Chen and colleagues compared online discussions about electronic cigarettes and hookah use amongst different Internet communities [1]. With great interest, I found the Chen et al. article to provide insightful and novel findings in regards to understanding the variances in tobacco use behaviors amongst the online forums included in the study. OBJECTIVE In their limitations, Chen et al. recognized that the use of three websites –Vapor Talk, Hookah Forum, and Reddit – was not extensive nor inclusive of the various online communities that exist for tobacco products. The authors’ rationale for selecting the three websites was to assess similarities and differences between different types of online communities. However, it would have provided an interesting perspective to include Twitter discussions about hookah and electronic cigarette use because Twitter is a diverse online community in itself. METHODS Young adults, urban residents, Hispanics, and African Americans are overrepresented populations on Twitter in comparison to the general population [2]. These groups of people are typically overrepresented in vulnerable populations, as well. Therefore, including Twitter data in this comparative study could have captured significant information on tobacco use behaviors of hard-to-reach and underserved populations. RESULTS To my knowledge, there has been no previous research that has comparatively analyzed online communities for experiences with emerging tobacco products, such as electronic cigarettes and hookah. Although several studies have conducted content analyses of Twitter discussions about hookah and electronic cigarettes [3-5], there are no studies comparing Twitter to other online communities. Future work should include Twitter in such comparative analyses in order to provide further outlooks on how tobacco use behaviors of Twitter subscribers are identical and different from users of other online forums, which can then inform and tailor health education interventions based on the particular online community. CONCLUSIONS References 1. Chen, AT, Zhu, SH, Conway, M. What online communities can tell us about electronic cigarettes and hookah use: A study using text mining and visualization techniques. J Med Internet Res 2015;17(9):e220. PMID:26420469. 2. Mislove, A, Lehmann, S, Ahn, Y, Onnela, J, Rosenquist, JN. Understanding the demographics of Twitter users. Proceedings of the Fifth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media; 2011 July 17-21; Barcelona, Spain. 2011. 3. Myslín M, Zhu S, Chapman W, Conway M. Using Twitter to examine smoking behavior and perceptions of emerging tobacco products. J Med Internet Res 2013;15(8):e174. doi:10.2196/jmir.2534. 4. Krauss, MJ, et al. (2015). Hookah-related Twitter chatter: A content analysis. Prev Chronic Dis 2015;12:e121. PMID:26226068. 5. Cole-Lewis, H, et al. (2015). Social listening: A content analysis of e-cigarette discussions on Twitter. J Med Internet Res 2015;17(10):e243. PMID:26508089.

Nicotine and Tobacco

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-182
Author(s):  
Shadi Nahvi ◽  
Darius A. Rastegar
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Withdrawal Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide

Nicotine is responsible for the psychoactive and habit-forming effects of tobacco. Approximately 30% of Americans use tobacco products; half of them are nicotine-dependent. Nicotine has mild stimulant effects. Overdose is rare in experienced users. Some may develop nausea, vomiting, weakness, and dizziness. Withdrawal symptoms include craving, irritability, anxiety, restlessness, and increased appetite. Smokers have elevated exhaled carbon monoxide and serum carboxyhemoglobin levels. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, can be detected in blood and urine. Many medical conditions are associated with tobacco use (particularly smoking), including cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and a variety of malignancies. A number of interventions can help increase smoking cessation rates, including physician advice, counseling, nicotine replacement, varenicline, and bupropion. Electronic cigarettes may help smokers quit or reduce their smoking.

scholarly journals Developing Online Communities for Librarian Researchers: A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Lili Luo ◽  
Marie Kennedy ◽  
Kristine Brancolini ◽  
Michael Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Conference Attendance

This study examines the role of online communities in connecting and supporting librarian researchers, through the analysis of member activities in the online community for academic librarians that attended the 2014 Institute for Research Design in Librarianship (IRDL). The 2014 IRDL cohort members participated in the online community via Twitter and a Facebook group page. A content analysis of their posts and an online survey among them identified different patterns of engagement and four primary types of content—posts related to completing the IRDL research project required for each cohort member, announcements about research-related resources and opportunities, posts reminiscing about the IRDL experience, and arrangements of conference attendance and meetups. Implications for successfully designing online communities for librarian researchers are discussed.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarettes: the solution or yet another phase of the tobacco epidemic?

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Catherine O Egbe ◽  
Charles DH Parry ◽  
Bronwyn Myers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Tobacco Product ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Tobacco Epidemic ◽  
The Individual

Tobacco use is the single largest preventable cause of death globally. For years, the tobacco industry sought to create a tobacco product that is less controversial than conventional cigarettes. Electronic cigarettes were created out of the supposed need to supply consumers of tobacco products with a less harmful tobacco product. The question remains, is it really less harmful for consumers of traditional cigarettes and other tobacco products to switch to electronic cigarettes? This article takes a closer look at the overall harm in relation to benefits of using electronic cigarettes for the individual and public health and the unintended negative consequences the introduction of electronic cigarette has had on overall public health. Given the evidence that the use of electronic cigarettes is a gateway to the use of other tobacco products especially among adolescents, we view electronic cigarettes as having the potential to cause a rebound of the tobacco use glut which the global public health community has been succeeding in reversing. We therefore support the World Health Organization’s suggestion that electronic cigarettes should be regulated as other tobacco products since there is, as yet, no harmless tobacco product. In the same vein, we view the new Tobacco Products and Electronic Delivery Systems Bill seeking to regulate electronic cigarettes in South Africa as other tobacco products as a step in the right direction.

scholarly journals Global Study on Tobacco Use among Youth in the Kyrgyz Republic Republic (GYTS, 2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
A. G. Polupanov ◽  
A. A. Tolebaeva ◽  
I. S. Sabirov ◽  
A. T. Altymysheva ◽  
A. I. Sabirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Street Vendor ◽  
Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Passive Smoker

The aim of the study was to assess the situation related to tobacco consumption among adolescents aged 13 – 15 in the Kyrgyz Republic.Materials and Methods. The study used a two-stage selection of schoolchildren in grades 7 – 9 (teenagers 13 – 15 years old) to conduct the survey. At the 1st stage, information was collected about all schools of the republic, where children of the target group study. the schools in which the survey was subsequently conducted were selected by the statistical sampling method according to the number of students in grades 7 – 9. The grades whose students participated in the questionnaire were set at stage 2 by random sampling in each school The survey includes 43 questions from the Standard main Questionnaire of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) and 30 supplementary questions (73 in total) with multiple choice of answers. The statistical processing was performed using the SUDAAN software package (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention); a 95% confidence interval was calculated to calculate weighted prevalence estimates and standard errors (SE).Results. The survey found that 6.0% of schoolchildren (9.5% of boys and 2.4% of girls) currently use various types of tobacco; 4.4% of schoolchildren currently use tobacco (6.8% of boys and 2.0% of girls); 2.4% of schoolchildren smoke cigarettes; 2.4% use smokeless tobacco, 2.8% use other tobacco products (hookah); 2.8% of schoolchildren smoke electronic cigarettes (3.9% of boys and 1.7% of girls). Tobacco use most often begins before age 7 or after age 12. 16.8% of schoolchildren are exposed to tobacco smoke at home, of which 14.2% are in closed places and 14.8% in open public places. 87.2% of schoolchildren purchase cigarettes in a shop, kiosk, from a street vendor, and in the market. During the visit to the point of sale 26.7% noticed tobacco advertising and promotions; 49.7% saw anti-tobacco messages in the mass media. Definitely think that smoking tobacco by other people is bad for them, 71.2% of schoolchildren.Conclusion. A high percentage of teenagers consuming e-cigarettes, hookah, and smokeless tobacco products has been noted, although > 50% of them are aware of the dangers of tobacco use. Every 6th student is a passive smoker. The vast majority of schoolchildren aged 13 – 15 who try to quit smoking do not receive professional help in quitting tobacco use, and are exposed to protobacco media marketing campaigns.

scholarly journals Online and Offline Communities in the Sharing Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taneli Vaskelainen ◽  
Laura Piscicelli
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Platform Design

The online community is crucial to sharing economy platforms because without it, no transactions can take place. Online communities have been studied extensively, but so far, little attention has been paid to how they link to different offline communities, such as geographic (e.g., neighborhoods) and relational communities (e.g., friends and colleagues). In this study, we address this gap by examining the importance of communities to the users and the entrepreneurs of the goods-sharing platform Ecomodo. We conduct a qualitative content analysis of archival and interview data to uncover the importance of different communities and the relationships among them. We discover that the platform design aimed to facilitate lending and borrowing in relational communities. However, geographic communities were more important to the users since most of them joined the platform to be acquainted with their neighbors. We also find that the platform entrepreneurs underestimated the behavioral changes needed to use the platform. The producers were not used to asking for money to lend their possessions, and it was difficult to teach consumers to borrow instead of buying. We use these findings to offer recommendations to practitioners and discuss some avenues for further research.

Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saida Sharapova ◽  
Carolyn Reyes-Guzman ◽  
Tushar Singh ◽  
Elyse Phillips ◽  
Kristy L Marynak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Tobacco Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Tobacco Products

IntroductionTobacco use mostly begins in adolescence and young adulthood. Earlier age of initiation of cigarette smoking is associated with greater nicotine dependence and sustained tobacco use. However, data are limited on the age of initiation of non-cigarette tobacco products, and the association between using these products and nicotine dependence and progression to established use.MethodsCombined 2014–2016 National Youth Tobacco Survey data, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of US students in grades 6–12 yielded 19 580 respondents who reported ever using any of five tobacco products: electronic cigarettes, cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco and hookah. Analyses assessed age of reported first use of each product among ever-users, overall and by sex and race/ethnicity. Current daily use, past 30-day use, feelings of craving tobacco and time to first tobacco use after waking were assessed by age of first use.ResultsAmong ever-users, weighted median age for first use was 12.6 years for cigarettes, 13.8 years for cigars, 13.4 years for smokeless tobacco, 14.1 years for hookah and 14.1 years for e-cigarettes. First trying these tobacco products at age ≤13 years was associated with greater current use of the respective product and nicotine dependence compared with initiating use at age >13 years.ConclusionsFirst tobacco use at age ≤13 years is associated with current daily and past 30-day use of non-cigarette tobacco products, and with the development of nicotine dependence among youth ever-users. Proven tobacco prevention interventions that reach early adolescents are important to reduce overall youth tobacco use.

scholarly journals PhenX: Host: Social/Cognitive measures for tobacco regulatory research

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. s5-s12
Author(s):  
Megan E Piper ◽  
Darigg C Brown ◽  
Tabitha P Hendershot ◽  
Gary E Swan
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Research Collection

A working group (WG) of experts from diverse fields related to nicotine and tobacco addiction was convened to identify elements and measures from the Host: Social/Cognitive domain to include in the Tobacco Regulatory Research Collection in the PhenX Toolkit, a catalogue of measures for biomedical research. This paper describes the methods used to identify, select, approve and include measures in the toolkit with potential relevance to users of both conventional and newer tobacco products, such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). In addition to 25 complementary measures primarily focused on cigarette use already present in the PhenX Toolkit, the WG recommended 11 additional social/cognitive measures focused on children and adult users or potential users of tobacco products. Of these, 10 were self-administered measures: frequency of communication with parents about smoking, quality of communication with parents about smoking, susceptibility to tobacco use, behaviour economics/purchase behaviour, motivation to quit (both single and multi-item measures), hedonic tone or response to pleasurable situations, multigroup ethnic identity, peer and family influence on smoking, attentional control and house rules about tobacco use. The remaining selected measure was computer based (distress tolerance). Although validated tools for use in the Host: Social/Cognitive realm are available, much remains to be done to develop, standardise and validate the tools for application to users of e-cigarettes and other non-combusted tobacco products, non-English language speakers and adolescents.

scholarly journals Sex and Polytobacco Use among Spanish and Turkish University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Font-Mayolas ◽  
Mark J. M. Sullman ◽  
Maria-Eugenia Gras
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
University Students ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Common Reason ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Turkish University Students

Polytobacco use has become increasingly popular among young adults, particularly males, and can be defined as the concurrent use of regular cigarettes and other tobacco products (e.g., e-cigarettes). The present study investigated the use of legal smoking products (cigarettes, waterpipe and electronic cigarettes) among young adults (n = 355) in Spain and Turkey. The survey measured demographics, lifetime and past month tobacco use, waterpipe and e-cigarette use, whether waterpipes and e-cigarettes contained nicotine and reasons for using these substances. The majority of the Turkish (men = 80% and women = 63.9%) and Spanish sample (men = 61.4% and women = 69.3%) were polytobacco users. The most common reason for using e-cigarettes was “to experiment, to see what is like” (Turkish sample: men 66.7% and women 57.1; Spanish sample: men 72.7% and women 93.8%). The most common reason to use regular cigarettes was “to relax and relieve tension” (Turkish sample: men 88.9% and women 77.6%; Spanish sample: men 78.1% and women 76%), while for waterpipe users, the most common reason was “to experiment, to see what it is like” (Turkish sample: men 93.3% and women 80%; Spanish sample: men 78.9% and women 93.8%). The implications for prevention and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Student Tobacco Use Behaviours: A Qualitative Study of Alternative Tobacco and Nicotine Product Use in Young Adulthood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aija Zobena ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Nicotine Addiction ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Alternative Tobacco Products

Non-combustible alternative tobacco products such as tobacco-free nicotine pouches, heated tobacco, and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) marketed as less harmful alternatives to cigarettes as smoking cessation aids are becoming increasingly popular among adolescents and young adults. This age group includes individuals still experimenting with and establishing tobacco use. The aim of the study is to investigate student tobacco use behaviours, particularly novel devices, and alternative products to understand how to decrease tobacco initiation and use among adolescents and young adults. In August 2020, two focus group discussions were organized to obtain information on young people's experience of alternative tobacco and nicotine product use. In each of them, high school students (aged over 18) and students took part. The participants of the focus group discussion were chosen by the “snowball” method. Cessation of smoking and replacing cigarettes with alternative tobacco and nicotine products reduce some of the harmful effects but are not harmless and nicotine addiction remains. By replacing cigarette smoking with the use of tobacco-free nicotine pouches, heated tobacco, or e-cigarettes, one form of nicotine use is being replaced by another. According to the study, young people have no understanding of nicotine addiction and the health risks of using alternative tobacco products. Today's adolescents and young adults often see consumption of tobacco and nicotine products as a mean to construct and project their unique identity.

Online communities as a new source of exploring patient dissatisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 962-979
Author(s):  
Maja Nemec ◽  
Tomaž Kolar ◽  
Borut Rusjan
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patient Dissatisfaction ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether internet forums are an appropriate source for identification of causes of dissatisfaction of patients with non-medical aspects of healthcare services. Design/methodology/approach Based on the guidelines of netnography qualitative research the authors identify relevant posts or comments on selected online forums in which web users show their dissatisfaction with healthcare services. Five popular Slovenian forums representing different interest communities have been chosen and 42 forums’ topics have been reviewed. Findings Online communities have an important role in exploring patient dissatisfaction. Through content analysis comments were coded into meaningful categories and subcategories. Research limitations/implications Some comments were more explicit, while others have provided general and looser reasons for dissatisfaction, and in such cases coding and content analysis of comments was more difficult. Practical implications Contents expressed within online communities are helpful in designing improvement activities since they enable determination of concrete relevant measures aiming at eliminating and preventing the established causes of discontent, such as instituting new policies, introducing training programs, determining desired changes in culture. Originality/value Usefulness of the netnography as a qualitative method of research is confirmed through confirmation that causes of dissatisfaction of Slovenian patients, which have been identified in the authors research are similar to those identified in previous research in the field of patient satisfaction conducted in Slovenia. Results constitute a new form of researching patient dissatisfaction and expose the specific causes of patient dissatisfaction with healthcare services in Slovenia.

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