Surveillance of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior and Sleep (SurPASS): A study protocol of the development and feasibility evaluation of a novel measurement system (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Crowley ◽  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Rasmus Kildedal ◽  
Sandra Schade Jacobsen ◽  
Jon Roslyng Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Evaluation Phase ◽  
Feasibility Evaluation

BACKGROUND There is increasing recognition of the need for more comprehensive surveillance data, including information on physical activity of all intensities, sedentary behavior, and sleep. However, meeting this need poses significant challenges for current surveillance systems, which are mainly reliant on self-report. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the SurPASS (Surveillance of Physical Activity Sedentary behavior and Sleep) project is to develop and evaluate the feasibility of a sensor-based system for use in the surveillance of physical activity of all intensities, sedentary behavior, and sleep. METHODS The SurPASS project involves an international, multidisciplinary team of researchers collaborating with an industrial partner. The SurPASS system consists of 1) a thigh-worn accelerometer with Bluetooth connectivity, 2) a smartphone app, 3) an integrated back-end, facilitating the automated upload, analysis, storage, and provision of personalized feedback in a manner compliant with European Union regulations on data privacy, and 4) an administrator web-interface (web-app) to monitor progress. The system development and evaluation will be performed in three phases. These phases will include gathering user input and specifications (Phase 1), the iterative development, evaluation and refinement of the system (Phase 2), and the feasibility evaluation (Phase 3). RESULTS The project started in September 2020, is currently in Phase 2, and will be completed in 2023. CONCLUSIONS If feasible, the SurPASS system could be a catalyst towards large-scale sensor-based surveillance of physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep. It could also be adapted for cohort and interventional research, thus contributing to the generation of evidence for both interventions and public health policies and recommendations.

How Sedentary Are Older People? A Systematic Review of the Amount of Sedentary Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet A. Harvey ◽  
Sebastien F.M. Chastin ◽  
Dawn A. Skelton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Data Source

Background/objectives:Sedentary behavior (SB), defined as sitting (nonexercising), reclining, and lying down (posture), or by low energy expenditure, is a public health risk independent to physical activity. The objective of this systematic literature review was to synthesize the available evidence on amount of SB reported by and measured in older adults.Data source:Studies published between 1981 and 2014 were identified from electronic databases and manual searching. Large-scale population studies/surveys reporting the amount of SB (objective/subjective) in older adults aged ≥ 60 years of age were included. Appraisal and synthesis was completed using MOOSE guidelines.Results:349,698 adults aged ≥ 60 within 22 studies (10 countries and 1 EU-wide) were included. Objective measurement of SB shows that older adults spend an average of 9.4 hr a day sedentary, equating to 65–80% of their waking day. Self-report of SB is lower, with average weighted self-reports being 5.3 hr daily. Within specific domains of SB, older adults report 3.3 hr in leisure sitting time and 3.3 hr watching TV. There is an association with more time spent in SB as age advances and a trend for older men to spend more time in SB than women.Conclusion/implications:Time spent sedentary ranges from 5.3–9.4 hr per waking day in older adults. With recent studies suggesting a link between SB, health, and well-being, independent of physical activity, this is an area important for successful aging.Limitations:Different methodologies of measurement and different reporting methods of SB made synthesis difficult. Estimated SB time from self-report is half of that measured objectively; suggesting that most self-report surveys of SB will vastly underestimate the actual time spent in SB.

Evaluating a Brief Self-Report Measure of Neighborhood Environments for Physical Activity Research and Surveillance: Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Sallis ◽  
Jacqueline Kerr ◽  
Jordan A. Carlson ◽  
Gregory J. Norman ◽  
Brian E. Saelens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Environment Scale ◽  
Recreation Facilities ◽  
Neighborhood Environments ◽  
Pedestrian Infrastructure ◽  
Alternate Form Reliability

Background:Neighborhood environment attributes of walkability and access to recreation facilities have been related to physical activity and weight status, but most self-report environment measures are lengthy. The 17-item PANES (Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale) was developed to be comprehensive but brief enough for use in multipurpose surveys. The current study evaluated test-retest and alternate-form reliability of PANES items compared with multi-item subscales from the longer NEWS-A (Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale—Abbreviated).Methods:Participants were 291 adults recruited from neighborhoods that varied in walkability in 3 US cities. Surveys were completed twice with a 27-day interval.Results:Test-retest ICCs for PANES items ranged from .52 to .88. Spearman correlations for the PANES single item vs NEWS-A subscale comparisons ranged from .27 to .81 (all P < .01).Conclusions:PANES items related to land use mix, residential density, pedestrian infrastructure, aesthetic qualities, and safety from traffic and crime were supported by correlations with NEWS-A subscales. Access to recreation facilities and street connectivity items were not supported. The brevity of PANES allows items to be included in studies or surveillance systems to expand knowledge about neighborhood environments.

Validation of the self-report EXERNET questionnaire for measuring physical activity and sedentary behavior in elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian López-Rodríguez ◽  
Maria Laguna ◽  
Alba Gómez-Cabello ◽  
Narcis Gusi ◽  
Luis Espino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report

scholarly journals Older Adults’ Utilization of Community Resources Targeting Fall Prevention and Physical Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan K McMahon ◽  
Young Shin Park ◽  
Beth Lewis ◽  
Weihua Guan ◽  
J Michael Oakes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

Abstract Background and Objectives Despite the availability of community resources, fall and inactivity rates remain high among older adults. Thus, in this article, we describe older adults’ self-reported awareness and use of community resources targeting fall prevention and physical activity. Research Design and Methods In-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted in Phase 1 with community center leaders (n = 5) and adults (n = 16) ≥70 years old whose experience with community programs varied. In Phase 2, surveys were administered to intervention study participants (n = 102) who were ≥70 years old, did not have a diagnosis of dementia, and reported low levels of physical activity. Results Four themes emerged from Phase 1 data: (a) identifying a broad range of local community resources; (b) learning from trusted sources; (c) the dynamic gap between awareness and use of community resources; and (d) using internal resources to avoid falls. Phase 2 data confirmed these themes; enabled the categorization of similar participant-identified resources (10); and showed that participants who received encouragement to increase community resource use, compared to those who did not, had significantly greater odds of using ≥1 resource immediately postintervention, but not 6 months’ postintervention. Discussion and Implications Although participants in this study were aware of a broad range of local community resources for physical activity, they used resources that support walking most frequently. Additionally, receiving encouragement to use community resources had short-term effects only. Findings improve our understanding of resources that need bolstering or better dissemination and suggest researchers identify best promotion, dissemination, implementation strategies.

Exploring Potential Mediation Pathways on the Relationship Between Acculturation and Body Mass Index (BMI) Among Latino Adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 154041532110298
Author(s):  
Christopher Johansen ◽  
Kim D. Reynolds ◽  
Bin Xie ◽  
Paula Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Latino Adolescents ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public High Schools ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Positive associations have been observed between acculturation and body mass index (BMI), but the mediators of this relationship are not well established. Acculturation researchers have called for investigating the influence of socio-contextual variables as mediators. The objective of this study was to test the mediating effects of salty snacks, sweet snacks, physical activity, and sedentary behavior on the relationship between acculturation and BMI among Latino adolescents. Methods: Adolescents who self-identified as Latino ( n = 431) at public high schools in Southern California were recruited and completed a self-report survey. A bootstrapped multiple mediation model was used to test mediation pathways. Results: Acculturation was positively associated with physical activity ( B = 0.09, p < .05). The indirect effects of salty snacks, sweet snacks, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were not associated with BMI, suggesting no mediation. Conclusions: Future research should examine additional mediating variables on the relationship between acculturation and BMI.

scholarly journals Observation of ENSO linked changes in the tropical Atlantic cloud vertical distribution using 14 years of MODIS observations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Madenach ◽  
Cintia Carbajal Henken ◽  
René Preusker ◽  
Odran Sourdeval ◽  
Jürgen Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
High Cloud ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Linear Decrease

Abstract. 14 years (September 2002 to September 2016) of Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) monthly mean cloud data is analyzed to identify possible changes of the cloud vertical distribution over the Tropical Atlantic Ocean (TAO). For the analysis multiple linear regression techniques are used. Within the investigated period, no significant trend in the domain-averaged cloud vertical distribution was found. In terms of linear changes, two major phases (before and after November 2011) in the time-series of the TAO domain-average Cloud Top Height (CTH) and High Cloud Fraction (HCF) can be distinguished. While phase 1 is dominated by a significant linear increase, phase 2 is characterized by a strong, significant linear decrease. The observed trends were mainly caused by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The increase in CTH and HCF in phase 1, was attributed to the transition from El Niño (2002) to La Niña (2011) conditions. The strong decrease in phase 2, was caused by the opposite transition from a La Niña (2011) to a major El Niño event (2016). A comparison with the large scale vertical motion ω at 500 hPa obtained from ERA-Interim ECMWF Re-Analyses and the Nino3.4-Index indicates that the changes in HCF are induced by ENSO linked changes in the large scale vertical upward movements over regions with strong large scale ascent. A first comparison with the DARDAR data set, which combines CloudSat radar and CALIPSO lidar measurements, shows qualitatively good agreements for the interannual variability of the high cloud amount and its linear decrease in phase 2.

Development of New Design Fatigue Curves in Japan: Discussion of Best-Fit Curves Based on Large-Scale Fatigue Tests of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Plates

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Takanashi ◽  
Hiroshi Ueda ◽  
Toshiyuki Saito ◽  
Takuya Ogawa ◽  
Kentaro Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Fatigue Curve ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Low Alloy Steel ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Deep Crack

In Japan, the Design Fatigue Curve (DFC) Phase 1 and Phase 2 subcommittees were organized under the Atomic Energy Research Committee in the Japan Welding Engineering Society and have proposed new design fatigue curves for carbon, low-alloy, and austenitic stainless steels. To confirm the validity of the proposed design fatigue curves, a Japanese utility collaborative project was launched. In this project, fatigue tests were conducted on large-scale and small-sized specimens, and the test data were provided to the DFC Phase 2 subcommittee. This paper discusses the best-fit curves proposed by the DFC Phase 1 subcommittee, focusing on the results of large-scale fatigue tests for carbon steel and low-alloy steel plates. The fatigue test results for large-scale specimens were compared with the best-fit curve proposed by the DFC Phase 1 subcommittee. This comparison revealed that the fatigue lives given by the proposed curves correspond to those of approximately 1.5–4.0-mm-deep crack initiation in large-scale specimens. In this program, fatigue tests with a mean strain were also carried out on large-scale specimens. These tests found that the fatigue lives were almost equivalent to those of approximately 4.4–7.0-mm-deep crack initiation in large-scale specimens. In determining a design fatigue curve, strain-controlled tests are usually performed on small-sized specimens, and the fatigue life is then defined by the 25% load drop. It is reported that the cracks reach nearly 3–4-mm depth under those 25% drop cycles. The test results confirm that the fatigue lives of large-scale specimens agree with those given by the best-fit curve for carbon and low-alloy steels, and no remarkable size effects exist for the crack depths compared in this study.

scholarly journals PSII-5 Carcass characteristics and growth performance of market pigs fed reduced lysine diets in bedded hoop barns

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 229-230
Author(s):  
Peter J Lammers ◽  
Chad A Stahl ◽  
Mark S Honeyman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Des Moines

Abstract A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design was used to compare the effect of SID Lys:ME concentration (current vs. reduced), stocking density (1.30 vs. 4.05 m2/pig), and harvest month (August vs. March) on pigs raised in bedded hoop barns in Western Iowa. For each harvest month, 420 pigs produced from the mating of Duroc boars (Choice Genetics; West Des Moines, IA) to Camborough females (PIC; Hendersonville, TN) were sorted into 12 pens. Six pens were inside 3 large-scale (9.1 × 18.3 m) hoop barns and were stocked with 64 pigs/pen (32 barrows and 32 gilts; 1.30 m2/ pig). Six pens were inside 3 small-scale (6.0 × 10.8 m) hoop barns and were stocked with 6 pigs/pen (3 barrows and 3 gilts; 4.05 m2/pig). Within each stocking density, pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 diets which were fed in 2 phases. Corn-soybean meal diets were formulated to deliver 2.94 or 2.34 g SID Lys per Mcal ME in phase 1 (72.6–95.0 kg) and 2.34 or 1.76 g SID Lys per Mcal ME in phase 2 (> 95.0 kg). Pigs were individually weighed every 28 days and feed disappearance was recorded. When pigs in a pen averaged 129.3 kg the entire pen of pigs were harvested. A single chop (last-rib location; 2.54 cm thick) was collected from each carcass to assess pork quality. Pigs harvested in the summer grew faster, more efficiently, and with more intramuscular fat than those harvested in winter (P-value ≤ 0.05) but had lower 10th rib pH (P-value < 0.0001). Pigs allotted 4.05 m2/pig grew more efficiently but had reduced last rib pH as compared to pigs stocked at 1.30 m2/pig (P-value < 0.05). Reducing SID Lys:ME did not impact growth performance or carcass characteristics (P-value > 0.10). Lower concentrations of SID Lys:ME may be adequate for pigs housed in bedded hoop barns but further study is warranted.

scholarly journals Testing Self-Report Time-Use Diaries against Objective Instruments in Real Time

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gershuny ◽  
Teresa Harms ◽  
Aiden Doherty ◽  
Emma Thomas ◽  
Karen Milton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Objective Criterion ◽  
Diary Studies ◽  
Aggregate Sample ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent Of Task ◽  
Activity Questionnaires

This study provides a new test of time-use diary methodology, comparing diaries with a pair of objective criterion measures: wearable cameras and accelerometers. A volunteer sample of respondents ( n = 148) completed conventional self-report paper time-use diaries using the standard UK Harmonised European Time Use Study (HETUS) instrument. On the diary day, respondents wore a camera that continuously recorded images of their activities during waking hours (approximately 1,500–2,000 images/day) and also an accelerometer that tracked their physical activity continuously throughout the 24-hour period covered by the diary. Of the initial 148 participants recruited, 131 returned usable diary and camera records, of whom 124 also provided a usable whole-day accelerometer record. The comparison of the diary data with the camera and accelerometer records strongly supports the use of diary methodology at both the aggregate (sample) and individual levels. It provides evidence that time-use data could be used to complement physical activity questionnaires for providing population-level estimates of physical activity. It also implies new opportunities for investigating techniques for calibrating metabolic equivalent of task (MET) attributions to daily activities using large-scale, population-representative time-use diary studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Guidelines for PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency Innovator

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 3924-3928
Author(s):  
Piyanun Klaichun Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Competency Model ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Creative Mind ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Feasibility Evaluation ◽  
Priority Needs

This research was aimed to 1) determine the current and desirable states, and the priority needs index for PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency Model. Mixed methods research was employed and undertaken in 2 phrases. Phase 1 investigated the model. The qualitative research approach to multiple case study collected data from 2 case studies in order to provide a profound understanding of the subject being investigated and allow for applying the research results to similar context.   Phrase 2 investigated the priority needs index for PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency Model. Phase 2 utilizing interviews with 30 experts in human resource development, digital technology, and education administration. Instruments comprise structured questionnaires, guidelines propriety, and feasibility evaluation form. Analyses involve descriptive statistics i.e. frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, PNI Modified, and content analysis. Results of the evaluation of Phase 1 investigated the model was PPICC: Purpose and Processing on Ideation and Creative Innovations for Competency. Results of the evaluation of Phase 2 investigated that the overall of current and desirable states are at a moderate and highest level, respectively. The highest values of priority need index elements are as follows: The first priority need index fell on Discovery Skill of Ideation Innovations is Creative Mind.  Professional Teachers found Skill for Collaboration and problem- solving creative skill, Creating Innovations is to Put to other Use, Goals of successful factors for the development of instructors to have different characteristics are Inspirer, Environment management for learning and teaching found that procurement, resource support, and learning resources for the development of the students to be innovative. Processing is Establish University. Discovery Skill of Ideation Innovations is Creative Mind. Competency Innovator found that Ideation in learning and teaching management found that - build interaction in learning through connection and networking, and the least is Purpose which is Stamina. Therefore, an important mechanism for the development of innovative skills must come from the cooperation of the public sector, the private sector, educational institutes, and the family institute to develop skills, knowledge and ability to keep pace with today's world effectively.  

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