Smartphone Sensor Data for Identifying and Monitoring Symptoms of Mood Disorders: A longitudinal observational study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Austin Braund ◽  
May The Zin ◽  
Tjeerd W. Boonstra ◽  
Quincy J. J. Wong ◽  
Mark E. Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Positioning Systems ◽  
Smartphone Sensor

BACKGROUND Mood disorders are burdensome illnesses that often go undetected and untreated. Sensor technologies within smartphones may provide an opportunity for identifying the early changes in circadian rhythm and social support/connectedness that signify the onset of a depressive or manic episode. OBJECTIVE Using smartphone sensor data, this study investigated the relationship between circadian rhythm, determined by Global Positioning Systems (GPS) data, and symptoms of mental health among a clinical sample of adults diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) or Bipolar Disorder (BD). METHODS A total of 121 participants were recruited from a clinical setting to take part in a ten-week observational study. Self-report questionnaires for mental health outcomes, social support, social connectedness, and quality of life were assessed at six timepoints throughout the study period. Participants consented to passively sharing their smartphone GPS data for the duration of the study. Circadian rhythm (i.e., regularity of location changes in a 24-hour rhythm) was extracted from GPS mobility patterns at baseline. RESULTS While we found no association between circadian rhythm and mental health functioning at baseline, there was a positive association between circadian rhythm and the size of participants social support network at baseline (r = .22, p = .030, R2 = .049). In participants with BD, circadian rhythm was associated with change in anxiety from baseline, whereby higher circadian rhythm was associated with an increase in anxiety and lower circadian rhythm was associated with a decrease in anxiety at timepoint five. CONCLUSIONS Circadian rhythm, extracted from smartphone GPS data, was associated with social support and predicted changes in anxiety in a clinical sample of adults with mood disorders. Larger studies are required for further validations. However, smartphone sensing may have the potential to monitor early symptoms of mood disorders.

Obesity and psychopathology. A study of psychiatric comorbidity among patients attending a specialist obesity unit

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Carpiniello ◽  
Federica Pinna ◽  
Gianluca Pillai ◽  
Valentina Nonnoi ◽  
Enrica Pisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

SummaryAims – The study aims to evaluate the frequency of association between Axis I and II disorders according to DSMIVTR criteria and obesity, and use of mental health services in a clinical sample of patients attending a centre for the diagnosis and treatment of Obesity. Methods – 150 consecutive patients (32 Males, 118 females, mean age 44.614.3 yrs; mean BMI 35.46.2) were interviewed by means of SCID I and SCID II. Results – Lifetime Prevalence of Axis I disorders was 58% (males 50%; females 61%); the highest prevalence rate was found for Anxiety Disorders (approx 35%), whilst 30% of subjects were affected by Mood disorders, chiefly Major Depression (20%), and 18% by Eating Disorders. 28% of obese patients presented a Personality Disorder, 23% of patients being affected both by an Axis I and Axis II disorder. Mood Disorders, in particular Major Depression, were significantly prevalent among female obese. 50% of females and approx 37% males included in the sample had contacted mental health units for treatment. Conclusion – Data obtained in the present study confirm the high prevalence rates of mental disorders in obese patients seeking treatment. Specialist units should therefore include thorough psychiatric evaluation of patients as a routine practice.Declaration of Interest: The study was supported by a research grant by University of Cagliari (ex 60% funding, financial year 2006); the authors declare no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Outcomes of a 12-week ecologically valid observational study of first treatment with methylphenidate in a representative clinical sample of drug naïve children with ADHD

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0253727
Author(s):  
Kristine Kaalund-Brok ◽  
Tine Bodil Houmann ◽  
Marie Bang Hebsgaard ◽  
Maj-Britt Glenn Lauritsen ◽  
Louise Hyldborg Lundstrøm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Registration Number

Randomized placebo-controlled trials have reported efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) for Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, selection biases due to strict entry criteria may limit the generalizability of the findings. Few ecologically valid studies have investigated effectiveness of MPH in representative clinical populations of children. This independently funded study aims to describe treatment responses and their predictors during the first 12 weeks of MPH treatment using repeated measurements of symptoms and adverse reactions (ARs) to treatment in 207 children recently diagnosed with ADHD. The children were consecutively included from the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark. The children (mean age, 9.6 years [range 7–12], 75.4% males) were titrated with MPH, based on weekly assessments of symptoms (18-item ADHD-rating scale scores, ADHD-RS-C) and ARs. At study-end 187 (90.8%) children reached a mean end-dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day. A normalisation/borderline normalisation on ADHD-RS-C was achieved for 168 (81.2%) children on the Inattention and/or the Hyperactivity-Impulsivity subscale in week 12, and 31 (15.0%) children were nonresponders, which was defined as absence of normalisation/borderline normalisation (n = 19) or discontinuation due to ARs (n = 12), and eight (3.8%) children dropped out from follow-up. Nonresponders were characterised by more severe symptoms of Hyperactivity-Impulsivity and global impairment before the treatment. ARs were few; the most prominent were appetite reduction and weight loss. A decrease in AR-like symptoms during the treatment period questions the validity of currently available standard instruments designed to measure ARs of MPH. This ecologically valid observational study supports prior randomized placebo-controlled trials; 81.2% of the children responded favourably in multiple domains with few harmful effects to carefully titrated MPH. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov with registration number NCT04366609.

Interpersonal Relationship Aspects as Perceived Risk and Social Support Factors in a Clinical Sample of Adolescents With Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inese Elsina ◽  
Baiba Martinsone
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children’S Depression ◽  
Perceived Experiences

Abstract The goal of this qualitative study was to explore how adolescents with diagnosed depression describe their social relationships with peers, parents and teachers. Several previous findings have revealed the dual role of interpersonal relationships — as a stressor and contributor to different mental disorders, and also as a source of social support for mental health. Previous studies confirmed the value of a qualitative approach in exploring the self-perceived experiences of adolescents. The research group consisted of 28 adolescents, aged 13–17, with a diagnosis of depression. Individual semistructured interviews (Children's Depression Rating Scale Revised; CDRS-R) were applied in this study, which were analysed using thematic analysis. The results have both scientific and practical value, as well as relevance for the development of preventive interventions targeted at well-being and mental health of adolescents.

Suicide Attempters, Suicide Ideators, and Non-Ideators

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Teismann ◽  
Laura Paashaus ◽  
Paula Siegmann ◽  
Peter Nyhuis ◽  
Marcus Wolter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasons For Living ◽  
Suicide Attempters

Abstract. Background: Suicide ideation is a prerequisite for suicide attempts. However, the majority of ideators will never act on their thoughts. It is therefore crucial to understand factors that differentiate those who consider suicide from those who make suicide attempts. Aim: Our aim was to investigate the role of protective factors in differentiating non-ideators, suicide ideators, and suicide attempters. Method: Inpatients without suicide ideation ( n = 32) were compared with inpatients with current suicide ideation ( n = 37) and with inpatients with current suicide ideation and a lifetime history of suicide attempts ( n = 26) regarding positive mental health, self-esteem, trust in higher guidance, social support, and reasons for living. Results: Non-ideators reported more positive mental health, social support, reasons for living, and self-esteem than suicide ideators and suicide attempters did. No group differences were found regarding trust in higher guidance. Suicide ideators and suicide attempters did not differ regarding any of the study variables. Limitations: Results stem from a cross-sectional study of suicide attempts; thus, neither directionality nor generalizability to fatal suicide attempts can be determined. Conclusion: Various protective factors are best characterized to distinguish ideators from nonsuicidal inpatients. However, the same variables seem to offer no information about the difference between ideators and attempters.

Mental Health of OEF and OIF Veterans: Influence of Coping Strategies, Social Support, and Resilience

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlie A. Phillips ◽  
Nicholas K. Lim ◽  
Brenda Nash ◽  
Christopher Kolb ◽  
Kathryn L. Pask
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies

Influence of social support on the relation between stigma and mental health in individuals with burn injuries.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annahir N. Cariello ◽  
Carmen M. Tyler ◽  
Paul B. Perrin ◽  
Brianna Jackson ◽  
Heather Librandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Burn Injuries

Social support and mental health status of internal migrants in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jianhua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mental Health Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Internal Migrants

We investigated the mental health status of 320 internal migrants in Beijing according to gender, age, marital status, and monthly income, and examined the relationship between their mental health status and social support mechanisms. Participants completed the self-report Symptom Checklist-90-R and Social Support Rating Scale. Results showed that their mental health was significantly worse than the Chinese adult norm as assessed in 2017. Participants' social support varied according to age, marital status, and monthly income. Female participants younger than 30 years old with a monthly income lower than 3,000 yuan comprised the group with the most mental health disorder symptoms. They thus required greater personal attention to their health. The results suggested that social support can predict mental health among internal migrants. Directions for further research are discussed.

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