scholarly journals Longitudinal changes of COVID-19 symptoms in social media: Observational study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Sarabadani ◽  
Gaurav Baruah ◽  
Yan Fossat ◽  
Jouhyun Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Symptom Presentation ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stress Fatigue

BACKGROUND In December 2019, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak started in China and rapidly spread around the world. Many studies have been conducted to understand clinical characteristics of COVID-19, and recently post-infection sequelae of this disease have begun to be investigated. However, there is little consensus on the longitudinal changes of lasting physical or psychological symptoms from prior COVID-19 infection. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate and analyze public social media data to understand the longitudinal impact of COVID-19 symptoms before and after the recovery of COVID-19. METHODS Through semantic analysis, we collected 84,140 Reddit posts from 1,036 COVID-19 positive users. In total, 292 active users, who frequently reported disease progress on Reddit, along with their 2,213 longitudinal Reddit posts were identified. Machine-learning tools to extract biomedical information were applied to identify COVID-19 symptoms mentioned in social media. We then examined longitudinal changes of individual physiological and psychological characteristics before and after the recovery from COVID-19 infection. RESULTS In total, 58 physiological and 3 psychological symptoms were identified in social media before and after the recovery from COVID-19 infection. From longitudinal analyses of social media, symptoms of COVID-19 patients lasted 2.5 months. On average, symptoms appeared around a month before the recovery and remained for 1.5 months after the recovery. Well-known COVID-19 symptoms (e.g., fever, cough, and chest congestion) appeared relatively earlier in patient journeys and were frequently observed before the recovery of COVID-19. Meanwhile, mental discomfort or distress (e.g., brain fog or stress), fatigue, and manifestations on toes or fingers were frequently mentioned after the recovery and remained as intermediate and longer-term sequelae. CONCLUSIONS Symptom presentation and duration during COVID-19 patients’ journeys may serve as surrogate indicators to predict their clinical outcomes and provide appropriate treatment. CLINICALTRIAL NA

Capturing the surge of public interest towards Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin and BCG vaccine during COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabbir Syed-Abdul ◽  
Shwetambara Malwade ◽  
Sim-Mei Choo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
Appropriate Treatment

UNSTRUCTURED The outbreak of COVID-19 that started in December 2019, was declared a pandemic in March 2020. Currently, there is no specific treatment recommended and healthcare providers are struggling to find appropriate treatment regimes. Medication misinformation spread through social media has caused panic situations and self-prescription leading to harmful drug effects. The situation worsened following false propaganda via social media, leading to shortage of some medications. Our study shows the frequency of search for the medications Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), Azithromycin and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine in Google Trends, across 6 countries. Public interests from the United States, Italy and Spain leaned towards HCQ, whereas those from Taiwan, Japan and South Korea were keen towards learning about the BCG vaccine. Our article aimed to inform the general public of the adverse drug reactions to avoid self-prescription or yield to the assumptions of leaders and unanimous social media posts. Proactive participation and preventive measures such as social distancing, use of face masks and hand sanitizers are recommended to help curb COVID-19 and other infections.

scholarly journals Changes in Online Psychoactive Substance Trade via Telegram during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Matthijs Blankers ◽  
Daan van der Gouwe ◽  
Lavinia Stegemann ◽  
Laura Smit-Rigter
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Lysergic Acid ◽  
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Other Substances

<b><i>Background:</i></b> In this article, we present an evaluation of online psychoactive substance trade via Telegram, a free encrypted social media messenger service. The evaluation took place during the COVID-19 pandemic, which allowed us to monitor the effects of the spring 2020 lockdown in the Netherlands on substance trade via Telegram. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The objective of this study was to evaluate whether changes in psychoactive substance trade on Telegram markets in the Netherlands can be observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Between December 2, 2019, and June 29, 2020, a total of 70,226 posts appeared in two analyzed Telegram groups. A total of 5,643 posts were psychoactive substance related. Based on the analyzed posts, Telegram is mostly a ‘“sellers” market as only a minority of the posts (6.3%) could be identified as a request for a substance. The proportion of posts related to specific substances varied between the periods before, during, and after the lockdown. The proportion of posts on the stimulants ecstasy, cocaine, and amphetamine was lower during the lockdown than before and after. For psychedelics – ketamine, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromophenethylamine (2C-B) – and other substances, there was a relative increase in the number of posts during the lockdown, which was maintained after the lockdown. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Telegram analysis shows that in the Netherlands, online psychoactive substance trade may have been affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. The direction of this effect was different for different classes of substances.

Mental disorders that occur against the background of water-electrolyte disorders in patients with neoplasms of chiasmal-sellar region

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
K. V. Koval ◽  
G. E. Chmutin ◽  
P. L. Kalinin ◽  
M. A. Kutin ◽  
V. V. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Sellar Region ◽  
Electrolyte Disorders ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Specific Category ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Shed Light

The work is devoted to assessing the results of the analysis of world literature for a period of more than 50 years: it reflects the data on the nature of the occurrence of mental disorders developing in patients with tumors of the chiasmal-sellar region against the background of water-electrolyte disorders both before and after surgery. The presented data shed light on the occurrence of the variants of mental disorders in such a specific category of neurosurgical patients, which may allow the clinician to timely determine the appropriate treatment tactics and reduce the severity of complications in the postoperative period.

scholarly journals How changing API terms changed Instagram's domain? A bibliometric analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hartman ◽  
Tereza Simova
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Application Programming ◽  
Key Topics ◽  
Media Research ◽  
Social Media Research

In 2018 Facebook blocked a public Application Programming Interfaces (API) that could be used to download data from Facebook and Instagram. Much uncertainty still exists about the effect on social media research due to changes in Instagram API conditions. The presented paper provides an overview of the Instagram domain in terms of a research area. The main focus of this research is on the comparison of the key topics before and after the change of the Instagram API terms (comparing Instagram's research domain before and after 2018). A partial goal was to find out how the change in the conditions of the Instagram API has changed the number of social media research itself. We used a bibliometric approach to map the domain of Instagram. The paper has identified key topics in the domain of Instagram. Between the years 2010 and 2018 the key topics were gender, behavior on social media, dissemination of information, and platform selection. After the change of Instagram API conditions, after 2018, the key topics were gratifications, body image, dissatisfaction, and basic Instagram topics. The paper has found that generally, there was no change in research topics, nor the number of papers published after the Instagram API condition. Further study should focus on establish the relationships between Instagram use and psychological well-being; investigate the motives for Instagram use a study the effect of Instagram API on research with the use of different methods; gaining a better understanding of social media consumer activity; establish whatever our key topics are relevant to other social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter or Tiktok); study Instagram domain on different citation databases (e.g., in Scopus). This paper has also raised important questions about whether the Instagram API should be or should not be open for research purposes.

scholarly journals Anglicism in Indonesian

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Nurul Azizah
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Loan Words ◽  
Oral Form ◽  
Phonological Rules

This article discusses a language phenomenon currently occurring in Indonesia which is related to borrowing English words with the addition of a prefix ng-/nge in the Indonesian. The purpose of this article is to show how some English words are borrowed in Indonesian and what changes occur within this borrowing process which will be seen on two linguistic levels (phonological and semantic). The data were collected through an observation either in writing forms found in social media or oral form used in daily conversations. The interim results show that phonologically, in general the loan words follow the Indonesian phonological rules with little divergence in certain cases. From the semantic analysis it was found that these Anglicism words can be divided into three categories based on their meanings: restriction, expansion and static.

Longitudinal Changes in Patient-Ventilator Asynchronies and Respiratory System Mechanics Before and After Tracheostomy. A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. respcare.08824
Author(s):  
Enrico Lena ◽  
José Aquino-Esperanza ◽  
Josefina López-Aguilar ◽  
Rudys Magrans ◽  
Candelaria de Haro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
Respiratory System Mechanics ◽  
Before And After

Politicization of discussions of Covid-19 on Twitter

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Irina G. Ovchinnikova ◽  
◽  
Liana M. Ermakova ◽  
Diana M. Nurbakova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Information Cascades ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Information Distortion ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
English Speaking

Power of social media including Twitter for English speaking community to shape public opinion becomes critical during the current pandemic because of misinformation. The existing studies on spreading misinformation on social media hypothesise that the initial message is fake. In contrast, we focus on information distortion occurring in cascades as the initial message about the Covid-19 treatment is quoted or receives a reply. Public persons discuss medical information on Twitter providing fast and simple response to complex medical problems that users find very attractive to follow. Followers generate information cascades while quoting and commenting on the initial message. In the cascades, medical information from the initial tweet is often distorted. The discussion of the Covid-19 treatment in the cascades is politicized according to users’ political sympathies. We show a significant information shift in cascades initiated by public figures during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study provide valuable insights for the semantic analysis of information distortion.

‘Liked’, ‘Shared’, Re-tweeted: The Referendum Campaign on Social Media

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margot Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Before And After

This chapter examines the independence referendum debate on Facebook and Twitter before and after polling day, noting the multi-modal nature of communication on social media through the use of visual forms such as photographs and video clips. It analyzes the Yes for Scotland and Better Together Facebook and Twitter accounts and notes the participative nature of social media in the political context, reaching many who may not normally be receptive to political discussion. The chapter discusses specific web and social media presences such as the highly visible Wings over Scotland, and notes demographic tendencies among social media users, also considering the fashion in which they respond to each other online critically about traditional media political coverage. The discussion additionally looks at how social media use encourages continued campaigning beyond the phase of electoral results.

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