Perception of work among managers: a cross-sectional study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Colin
Keyword(s):  
Women Managers ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Job Support ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Demand Control

BACKGROUND The Job-Demand-Control-Support model of Karasek is the gold standard to assess perception of work, however this has been poorly studied among managers. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the perception of work (job demand, control and support) in managers, and to quantify their risk of job strain and isostrain. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study on workers using the Wittyfit software. Job demand, control, and support were evaluated by self-reported questionnaires, as well as sociodemographic data. RESULTS We included 9257 workers: 8488 employees (median age of 45 years old and median seniority of 10 years, 39.4% of women) and 769 managers (463 with more than 45 years old, 343 with more than 10 years of service, 33.3% of women). Managers had higher levels than employees in job control (79.1±15.9 vs 75.5±17.6) and job support (25.1±5.6 vs 23.9±6.4) (p<0.001). Compared to employees, managers had a 40% decreased risk of job strain (high job demand and low job control) (OR=0.60, 95%CI 0.49 to 0.73), and a 46% decreased risk of isostrain (job strain with low job support) (0.54, 0.42 to 0.71) (p<0.001). Oldest workers (1.32, 1.18 to 1.48, p<0.001) and women (1.12, 1.01 to 1. 24, p=0.03) were at greater risk of job strain. Also, oldest workers (1.77, 1.52 to 2.06), and women (1.15, 1.00 to 1.31) were at greater risk of isostrain, as well as most senior workers (1.25, 1.08 to 1.45). CONCLUSIONS Managers seem to have higher autonomy and social support, and therefore are less at risk of job or isostrain than employees. Other factors such as age, seniority and gender may influence this relationship. CLINICALTRIAL Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02596737; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02596737.

scholarly journals Work-related Stress and Associated Factors among Academic Staffs at the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: An Institutionbased Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebisa Guyasa Kabito ◽  
Sintayehu Daba Wami ◽  
Daniel Haile Chercos ◽  
Tesfaye Hambisa Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Related Stress

BACKGROUND: Work-related stress is described as a physiological and psychological reaction to the harmful aspects of workplace content. Current evidence indicates that the world of education is a highly stressful occupation. However, in academicians in sub-Saharan African countries, such as Ethiopia,the prevalence and contributing factors are not well studied. This study was, therefore, aimed at filling this gap.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2018. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 535 study participants. To measure work-related stress, we used the pre-tested and structured self-administered University and College Union stress questionnaire. Finally, a significant association was established at p< 0.05 and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in the multivariable model.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of work-related stress in 12 months was 60.4% [95% CI (57.4, 63.5%)].The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that smoking cigarette (AOR:2.84, 95% CI (1.25, 6.50), high job demand (AOR: 3.27, 95% CI(2.05, 5.21), low job control (AOR:2.25, 95% CI (1.21, 4.20) and age < 28 (AOR:0.25, 95% CI (0.10, 0.63) were the factors associated with work-related stress.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of work-related stress was high. Furthermore, higher emphasis required on job demand, job control, and cigarette smoking to ease the burden of work-related stress factors. This research, therefore, recommended that other causes of WRS, such as working conditions and further large-scale study, be considered for future research.

scholarly journals The demand-control model for job strain: a commentary on different ways to operationalize the exposure variable

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Guimarães de Mello Alves ◽  
Vivianne Melo Braga ◽  
Eduardo Faerstein ◽  
Claudia S. Lopes ◽  
Washington Junger
Keyword(s):  
High Strain ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exposure Variable ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Demand Control

Demand-control has been the most widely used model to study job strain in various countries. However, researchers have used the model differently, thus hindering the comparison of results. Such heterogeneity appears in both the study instrument used and in the definition of the main exposure variable - high strain. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess differences between various ways of operationalizing job strain through association with prevalent hypertension in a cohort of workers (Pro-Health Study). No difference in the association between high job strain and hypertension was found according to the different ways of operationalizing exposure, even though prevalence varied widely, according to the adopted form, from 19.6% for quadrants to 42% for subtraction tertile. The authors recommend further studies to define the cutoff for exposure variables using combined subjective and objective data.

scholarly journals Job demand-control and job stress at work: A cross-sectional study among prison staff

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Shakerian ◽  
Jafar Akbari ◽  
Rouhollah Akbari ◽  
Behzad Mahaki
Keyword(s):  
Job Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Demand Control

CONCENTRATION OF THE SERUM TGF-BETA1 IN HEALTHY ADULT PEOPLE

2014 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Van Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo ◽  
Bui Bao Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta1 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Elevated serum Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) levels have been linked to tissue fibrosis including chronic kidney disease. Objectives: (1) Investigate serum TGF-beta1 levels in healthy adult people and (2) Examined the relation between serum TGF-beta1 level and gender, age, body mass index (BMI). Method: A cross-sectional study. TGF-beta1 were quantified by ELISA. Results: Levels of serum TGF-beta1 in healthy people were 13,45 ± 7,17 ng/mL mL (0,59 - 33,10 ng/mL). There are no difference of serum TGF-beta1 levels between men and women, between the age groups (<40 years, 40 to < 60 years and ≥ 60 years), between BMI groups < 23 and BMI group ≥ 23. Key words: TGF-beta1, healthy people

scholarly journals Psychosocial job exposure and risk of coronary artery calcification

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252192
Author(s):  
Helena Eriksson ◽  
Kjell Torén ◽  
Annika Rosengren ◽  
Eva Andersson ◽  
Mia Söderberg
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Job Demand ◽  
And Control ◽  
Demand Control

Purpose The aim was to examine potential associations between psychosocial job exposures, evaluated with the Job Demand-Control-model, and presence of coronary artery calcium. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study using the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study,(SCAPIS)pilot study. Coronary artery calcium was assessed through computed tomography of the coronary arteries and with coronary artery scoring, CACS. Main outcome was CACS ≥100 compared to CACS 0. Job demand and control was analysed according to the standard categorization of the two variables into: high strain, active, passive and low strain (reference). Associations between these variables and CACS were calculated with prevalence ratios (PR) using Cox regression with robust variance, 95% confidence intervals (CI) and adjusted for age, smoking, education, socioeconomic area and metabolic syndrome. Results In total 777 participants were used in our analyses, for which 20% of the men and 5% of the women had CACS ≥100, respectively. The PR of having CACS ≥100 was non-significantly elevated for men in high strain jobs 1.54 (95% CI 0.88–2.69) and in active jobs 1.67 (95% CI 0.92–3.06), adjusted for covariates. For women there was no association between exposure to high strain and having CACS ≥100 PR 1.02 (95% CI 0.24–4.31). Among women reporting passive job, the PR was non-significantly elevated, 2.40 (95% CI 0.83–6.92), adjusted for covariates. Conclusion The statistical power of the study was limited, but our results suggests the possibility that exposure to a high strain or an active job situation may increase the risk of CACS in men, while in women, it may rather be exposure to passive job.

scholarly journals Survey on Zoonotic Importance and Prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis Infection in Dogs of Tabriz, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Hossein Hashemzadeh Farhang ◽  
Seyed Razi Bahavarnia ◽  
Mohamad Javad Esmailzadeh ◽  
Navid Mahmoudi Kamalabad
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year ◽  
Statistical Survey ◽  
And Control

Background: Dirofilaria immitis is one of the most important parasites of the circulatory system of dogs that causes severe cardiovascular events in the animal and it is reported to be the most common nematode in humans and dogs from many parts of Iran. Methods: In order to investigate the presence of Dirofilaria immitis infection in Tabriz, Iran, a cross-sectional study was performed on 200 owned and stray dogs. The blood samples were analyzed using Knott method. The prevalence of D. immitis infection was reported to be 15% in owned dogs. Results: The highest levels of infection were reported in dogs less than one year of age and the lowest in dogs aged over 9 years. In a statistical survey, there was a significant relationship between infection and gender. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, due to the presence of D. immitis infection in this region, the need for a more comprehensive examination and control of the infection in this region is emphasized.

Anxiety, Fear and Awareness of Pakistani Dentists Against Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Rauf
Keyword(s):  
High Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Dental Professionals

Aim: The present study aimed to assess anxiety fear and awareness among dentists working during the current Corona Virus (COVID-19) outbreak. Materials and Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed using Google Forums in March 2020. A total of 249 participants from different cities across Pakistan participated and submitted the results. The data were entered in IBM SPSS Statistics, version 22 (IBM Corp) for statistical analysis. Results: No significant relationship (P< 0.06)between the participant's responses and gender or their education was established in this study. However, increased anxiety in Pakistani dentists because ofCOVID-19 was seen; 90.0%. A large number(86.7%) of the professionals seemed to be familiar with the revised CDC and WHO guidelines in regards to cross-infection for Coronavirusin dental procedures. However the majority 66.3% reported that they did not use rubber dam isolation in their treatments and only 45% had high-volume suction in their practices to use during treatments. Conclusion: Dentists all around Pakistan are anxious and fearful at work because of the pandemic. It is absolutely vital that only emergency dental procedures are given priority in regards to treatments while all elective procedures should be deferred till the pandemic is under control. Clinical Significance: It is important to identify the challenges the COVID-19 pandemic has presented to all dental professionals.

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