scholarly journals Practitioners’ and Policymakers’ Successes, Challenges, Innovations, and Learning in Promoting Children’s Well-being During COVID-19: Protocol for a Multinational Smartphone App Survey (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C Davidson ◽  
Dimitar Karadzhov ◽  
Graham Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Children’S Wellbeing ◽  
Smartphone Technology

BACKGROUND The advent of COVID-19 abruptly thrust the health and safety of children and families into greater risk around the world. As regional and local governments, nongovernmental organizations, communities, families, and children grapple with the immediate public health impact of COVID-19, the rights and well-being of children, especially those who are already marginalized, have been overlooked. Those working with children have likely encountered unprecedented challenges and responded in innovative ways in efforts to address the needs and rights of all children. OBJECTIVE This paper presents a protocol for a large-scale, multinational study using a new smartphone app to capture the real-time experiences and perspectives of practitioners and policymakers supporting children and families during the COVID-19 pandemic around the globe in relation to a children’s human rights <i>4P</i> framework of protection, provision, prevention, and participation. METHODS This protocol describes a mixed methods survey utilizing a custom-built iOS and Android smartphone app called the COVID 4P Log for Children’s Wellbeing, which was developed in close consultation with 17 international key partner organizations. Practitioners and policymakers working with and for children’s well-being across 29 countries and 5 continents were invited to download the app and respond to questions over the course of 8 weeks. The anticipated large amount of qualitative and quantitative response data will be analyzed using content analysis, descriptive statistics, and word frequencies. RESULTS Formal data collection took place from October 2020 until March 2021. Data analysis was completed in July 2021. CONCLUSIONS The findings will directly inform the understanding of the ways in which COVID-19 has impacted practitioners’, managers’, and policymakers’ efforts to support children’s well-being in their practices, services, and policies, respectively. Innovative and ambitious in its scope and use of smartphone technology, this project also aims to inform and inspire future multinational research using app-based methodologies—the demand for which is likely to continue to dramatically rise in the COVID-19 era. Mitigating the risks of longitudinal remote data collection will help maximize the acceptability of the app, respondents’ sustained engagement, and data quality. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/31013

scholarly journals The Negative Impact of the Effects of Coronavirus on the Well-Being of Children and Families Who Are Clients of Child Protection Authorities in Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
J. Kuokkanen ◽  
A Tiili ◽  
A. Paasivirta
Keyword(s):  
Child Protection ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Restrictive Measures

In the spring 2020, the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic quickly spread across Finland, having significant negative consequences for people’s living conditions. On March 16, 2020, the Finnish government declared a state of emergency and imposed several restrictive measures that were in effect until July 16, 2020 [13; 16]. The coronavirus and its aftermath have weakened the resilience of the Finnish welfare state, thereby challenging the welfare state’s ability to protect those most in need of its support. Recent studies have shown that the most vulnerable populations, such as children, are most affected by the negative effects of the pandemic in Finland and worldwide [5; 9; 11; 14; 18]. In autumn 2020, the Central Union for Child Welfare (CUCW) and the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) conducted a large-scale survey among the heads of child protection authorities (15.08.—13.10.2020), the aim of which was to find out how the consequences of the coronavirus and government restrictions have affected the well-being of children and their families who are clients of child protection authorities during the fall 2020. This article presents the main results and conclusions of the survey.

scholarly journals Psychological impact of COVID-19 on doctors and medical undergraduate students in a government medical college in Uttar Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4781
Author(s):  
Kunwar Vaibhav ◽  
Adity Priya ◽  
Pratibha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Medical Undergraduate

Background: COVID-19 wrath has influenced the socio economic, physical and mental health well-being of all the citizens. Doctors being at the frontline has been affected substantially by it. The paucity of literature on mental health impact of medical health professionals directed the present study to explore the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on doctors and medical undergraduates.Methods: A cross section online survey was used for data collection. Socio demographic, COVID 19 related preventive practice, Oslo social support scale-3 (OSSS-3) for social support and impact of events scale-revised (IES-R) scale for assessment of psychological Impact was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS 23.Results: Overall 56 (36.36%) of the participants reported having psychological Impact of whom 25 (43.86%) doctors and 31 (31.96%) students were affected. The predictor variables as derived by the regression model were presence of comorbidity, poor social support and postings in isolation wards.Conclusions: Large scale longitudinal multicentric studies can provide a better picture of the actual magnitude of the mental health impact. The predictive factors should be taken into account for policy making decisions. Coping skills and mental health preparedness for the frontline warriors can be lifesaving and will uplift their morale for better delivery of healthcare services in a resource constrained setting.

scholarly journals Self-Reflected Well-Being via a Smartphone App in Clinical Medical Students: Feasibility Study (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K Berryman ◽  
Daniel J Leonard ◽  
Andrew R Gray ◽  
Ralph Pinnock ◽  
Barry Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Self ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Before And After

BACKGROUND Well-being in medical students has become an area of concern, with a number of studies reporting high rates of clinical depression, anxiety, burnout, and suicidal ideation in this population. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to increase awareness of well-being in medical students by using a smartphone app. The primary objective of this study was to determine the validity and feasibility of the Particip8 app for student self-reflected well-being data collection. METHODS Undergraduate medical students of the Dunedin School of Medicine were recruited into the study. They were asked to self-reflect daily on their well-being and to note what experiences they had encountered during that day. Qualitative data were also collected both before and after the study in the form of focus groups and “free-text” email surveys. All participants consented for the data collected to be anonymously reported to the medical faculty. RESULTS A total of 29 participants (69%, 20/29 female; 31%, 9/29 male; aged 21-30 years) were enrolled, with overall median compliance of 71% at the study day level. The self-reflected well-being scores were associated with both positive and negative experiences described by the participants, with most negative experiences associated with around 20% lower well-being scores for that day; the largest effect being “receiving feedback that was not constructive or helpful,” and the most positive experiences associated with around 20% higher scores for that day. CONCLUSIONS The study of daily data collection via the Particip8 app was found to be feasible, and the self-reflected well-being scores showed validity against participant’s reflections of experiences during that day.

Returnee Entrepreneurship and Occupational Health and Safety in Nigeria

2017 ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Juliana Funmilayo Afolabi ◽  
Isaac Oluwajoba Abereijo
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Health Safety ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunities

This exploratory paper focuses on the well-being of diaspora returnees seeking entrepreneurial opportunities in Nigeria, with an emphasis on health, safety and development. The paper is based, in part, on a review of literature on diaspora migrants' returnees' well-being. However, in the absence of large scale quantitative research, the report presents partial and anecdotal evidence on the well-being of specific groups of migrants in Nigeria that may not readily be generalized to the whole livelihood-seeking, cross-border migrant population in the SSA region. The paper concludes that returnee entrepreneurs should prepare to contribute meaningfully to controlling occupational health and safety in informal sector of Nigerian economy.

scholarly journals On the Management and Financial Resources Formation of Local Budgets

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
M. S. Nurmaganbetova ◽  
G. R. Dauliyeva ◽  
A. A. Niyazbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
The Republic

The purpose of the study is to determine the role and significance of measures for the management of financial resources of local budgets. The objectives of the study include: conducting a theoretical study of management issues and the formation of financial resources of local budgets, studying the financial reports of the regions of Kazakhstan, statistical processing of the data obtained.Materials and methods. In the process of preparing the article, the issues of introducing the fourth level of the budget, on the participation of citizens in budget planning were considered. The authors analyzed the financial reports of the regions for the execution of the 2019 budget. In the process of preparing the materials for the article, the authors used the information of the website of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Kazakhstan, analytical statistical materials, and scientific works of scientists of Kazakhstan.The following research methods were used in the work: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization), empirical (observation), statistical analysis, etc.Results. The public financial management system, in particular, has been the subject of large-scale reforms in recent years aimed at strengthening the country’s strategic development potential. In recent years, the orientation of budget planning to results has noticeably improved. The priorities of the “model of socio-economic development of the country” are agreed by the government and put forward by the Ministry of National Economy, and are duly reflected in the annual strategic plan of each ministry. Based on recent reforms, the programs outlined in the strategic plans are broadly aligned with the budget programs of the ministries, and management responsibilities in each province have been clarified.In recent years, important changes have occurred in relation to access to information, an online portal “Open Budgets” was developed, a civil budget was introduced, and centralized guidelines for their preparation were presented.Since 2018, Kazakhstan has introduced a fourth budget level for local governments. 90% of these budgets are formed from taxes and payments by residents themselves. Since January 1, 2020, in the cities of regional significance, villages, settlements and rural districts of the Republic of Kazakhstan with a population of 2,000 people and below, an independent local government budget has been introduced. In 2020, the corporate income tax (CIT) from small and medium-sized businesses as a revenue item was transferred from the republican budget to the local one. Thus, CIT receipts will be credited to the republican budget only from large business entities. Also, the maslikhats (local representative body) of the regions have the right to establish the standard for the distribution of CIT from small and medium-sized businesses between the regional and district budgets.Conclusion. Effective management of budgetary resources in accordance with the current budget policy should be guided by the implementation of the general goals facing the country’s budget system: impact on economic growth and employment, ensuring the economic and political functions of the state.The main priority in planning government revenues and expenditures is the well-being of citizens of Kazakhstan, namely, their social support, health and education, as well as creating conditions for high-quality post-crisis economic growth. Therefore, it is especially important to note the role and importance of measures to manage financial resources of local budgets.

Refugee Children’s Wellbeing in Greece: Methodological and Ethical Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-2020) ◽  
pp. 160-173
Author(s):  
Antoanneta Potsi ◽  
Zoi Nikiforidou ◽  
Lydia Ntokou
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Children’S Wellbeing

This paper brings to the fore the methodological and ethical issues we faced in the process of collecting qualitative data from refugee children in Greece in the context of the Children’s Understandings of Well- Being study. The aim of this contribution is to expose the methodological and ethical challenges we encountered before and during the data collection. Through the case study of 4 children we critically reflect on the methodological tools used as a means of exploring refugee children’s sense of wellbeing. These were individual interviews initially and more participatory methods. Contextual factors are discussed and our dilemmas as researchers are unpicked for further analysis.

Pandemic Preparedness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Yu ◽  
Nolan Barrett ◽  
Loralee Hoffer ◽  
Samuel Browning ◽  
Scott Geller
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Prevention Guidelines ◽  
Infection Control Guidelines ◽  
Scale Data

With inconsistent COVID-19 prevention guidelines being issued across different local governments, an examination of how individual businesses are implementing infection-control interventions on their own is needed. This study assessed the relative compliance of businesses with infection-control guidelines implemented to decrease the spread of COVID-19. Researchers employed an environmental/behavioral checklist to systematically record how the guidelines were followed in community areas where people congregate and risk receiving or spreading COVID-19. Early numbers show that most establishments post signs with guidelines at entrances, require masks for entry, deny entry for symptomatic individuals, and have installed protective barriers between customers and employees. There are also high rates of compliance with mask-wearing guidelines among employees. Future directions include collaboration with other universities for more robust, large-scale data collection and analyses.

scholarly journals Designing a Mobile Eye Hospital to Support Health Systems in Resource-Scarce Environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
David McMaster ◽  
Gerry Clare
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Eye health is an integral part of well-being that may be at increased risk when health service delivery is affected by sudden-onset disasters, complex humanitarian events, or conflict in resource-scarce environments. This study proposes a design plan for a mobile eye hospital to support health systems between the initial emergency response and recovery of health infrastructure in resource-scarce environments of low- and middle-income countries. The facility benefits from high mobility and modularity, it can be assembled and operated by minimal personnel, and easily expanded as necessary. It has capacity to host high-volume ophthalmological services without the logistical complexity of large-scale emergency medical team responses or military operations. The design provides a medium-term service that can either operate from a fixed location or be redeployed in-country with ease. Mobile eye hospitals may provide a useful facility for local governments suffering damaged health systems, or as a way to complement current eye health provision. The design may also be used by charitable nongovernmental organizations during an initial emergency response, with the ability to quickly deploy to a target location and establish eye services.

Ivan Illich and the Pursuit of Health

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Bunker
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Large Contribution ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Behavioural Modification ◽  
State Of Affairs

Fifty years ago, when medicine had relatively few effective treatments to offer, its value was unquestioned. Twenty-five years ago clinicians had become concerned that treatment could sometimes do harm and McKeown published epidemiological evidence claiming that medicine did little good. This state of affairs was used by Mich to bolster his crusade against technology in general. Today it is clear that medicine now makes a large contribution to health. But doubts still exist and alternative pathways to health are continually exhorted. Large-scale efforts at behavioural modification, encouraging the adoption of healthier lifestyles, have been largely unsuccessful. Social activists now argue that funds should be diverted from medical care to social programmes that, they claim, might contribute more to health. While it is true that health is strongly associated with socio-ecomonic status (income, education and occupation), there is little sense of how best to reallocate scarce resources so as to improve the health impact of social and economic programmes. Social reform is not a substitute for medical care. Rather, our social environment is a second, important but quite separate, determinant of health and well-being.

scholarly journals Berwirausaha Kopi Di Masa Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 19 Di Kecamatan Medan Labuhan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
Muhammad Anshar ◽  
Teuku Fahmi ◽  
Fandi Alfiansyah Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
City Government ◽  
Coffee Shop ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The City

 The Medan Mayor's policy of issuing a regional regulation on large-scale social restrictions forced the coffee shop entrepreneur to close down his business for several months. The purpose of this study was to determine the strategy of coffee shop owners in entrepreneurship during the Covid 19 pandemic, to find out the entrepreneurial communication mechanisms carried out by coffee shop owners and to find out the obstacles faced by coffee shop owners. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using survey and observation methods and data collection techniques are measured using interviews and documentation. The central and local governments have not provided assistance to coffee shop owners in the form of injections of funds to stay afloat and be entrepreneurial during the Covid 19 pandemic. The Medan city government should make joint policies with business actors in the city of Medan in general, especially coffee shop owners  who have limited capital and coffee shop owners must have breakthrough ideas and new innovations in entrepreneurship to face the Covid 19 pandemic that has not ended.

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