Virtual Reality Simulation Training for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation after Cardiac Surgery: Face and Content Validity (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Sadeghi ◽  
Jette Jansje Peek ◽  
Samuel Max ◽  
Bryan G. Martina ◽  
Rodney A. Rosalia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
The Face ◽  
Vr Training

BACKGROUND Cardiac arrest after cardiac surgery commonly has a reversible cause, where often emergency re-sternotomy is required for treatment, as recommended by international guidelines. We have developed a virtual reality (VR) simulation for training of CPR and emergency re-sternotomy procedures after cardiac surgery, the CardioPulmonary resuscitation VR-simulator (CPVR-sim). In this prospective study, we researched face validity and content validity of this CPVR-sim. OBJECTIVE We designed a prospective study to assess the feasibility and to establish the face and content validity of CPVR-sim in a group of novices and experts in performing CPR and emergency re-sternotomies in patients after cardiac surgery. METHODS Thirty clinicians (staff cardiothoracic surgeons, physicians, surgical residents, and nurse practitioners) participated as either an expert or novice, based on experience with emergency re-sternotomy. All performed the simulation and completed the questionnaire rating the simulator’s usefulness, satisfaction, ease of use, effectiveness, and immersiveness to assess face validity and content validity. RESULTS Responses towards face validity and content validity were predominantly positive in both groups. Most participants felt actively involved (97%), in charge of the situation (73%), it was easy to learn how to interact with the software (80%), and the software responded well (70%). Almost all expert-participants preferred VR training as a substitute to conventional (100%) and digital (60% agreed and 40% was neutral) training. Moreover, 86% of the expert-participants would recommend VR training to other colleagues, and 93% found that CPVR-sim is a useful method to train infrequent CPR-cases after cardiac surgery. CONCLUSIONS We developed a proof-of-concept of a VR simulation for CPR training after cardiac surgery, which participants found was immersive and useful. By proving the face validity and content validity of CPVR-sim, we present a first step towards a cardiothoracic surgery VR training platform.

scholarly journals Face, Content, and Construct Validity of a Virtual Reality Otoscopy Simulator and Applicability to Medical Training

2021 ◽  
pp. 019459982110328
Author(s):  
Tobias Albrecht ◽  
Christoph Nikendei ◽  
Mark Praetorius
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
The Face

Objective Otologic diseases are common in all age groups and can significantly impair the function of this important sensory organ. To make a correct diagnosis, the correct handling of the otoscope and a correctly performed examination are essential. A virtual reality simulator could make it easier to teach this difficult-to-teach skill. The aim of this study was to assess the face, content, and construct validity of the novel virtual reality otoscopy simulator and the applicability to otologic training. Study Design Face and content validity was assessed with a questionnaire. Construct validity was assessed in a prospectively designed controlled trial. Setting Training for medical students at a tertiary referral center. Method The questionnaire used a 6-point Likert scale. The otoscopy was rated with a modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills. Time to complete the task and the percentage of the assessed eardrum surface were recorded. Results The realism of the simulator and the applicability to medical training were assessed across several items. The ratings suggested good face and content validity as well as usefulness and functionality of the simulator. The otolaryngologists significantly outperformed the student group in all categories measured (P < .0001), suggesting construct validity of the simulator. Conclusion In this study, we could demonstrate face, content, and construct validity for a novel high-fidelity virtual reality otoscopy simulator. The results encourage the use of the otoscopy simulator as a complementary tool to traditional teaching methods in a curriculum for medical students.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Virtual Reality-Based Training to Diagnose Strabismus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Sik Moon ◽  
Hyeon Jeong Yoon ◽  
Sang Woo Park ◽  
Chae Yeon Kim ◽  
Mu Seok Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Accuracy Score ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Deviation Angle ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vr Training ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Real Patients

Abstract Purpose: To study the usefulness of virtual reality (VR) based training for diagnosing strabismusMethods: Fourteen ophthalmology residents performed at least 30 VR training sessions to diagnose esotropia and exotropia. Examinations of real patients with esotropia or exotropia before and after the VR training were video-recorded and presented to a strabismus expert to assess accuracy and performance scores for measuring the deviation angle and diagnosing strabismus with anonymization. A feedback survey regarding the usefulness and ease of use of the VR application was conducted for participants.Results: The mean age of 14 ophthalmology residents, including 10 men and 4 women, was 29.7 years. Before VR training, participants showed a mean accuracy score of 14.50 ± 5.45 and performance score of 9.64 ± 4.67 for measuring the deviation angle and diagnosing strabismus in real patients with strabismus. After VR training, they showed a significantly improved accuracy score of 22.14 ± 4.37 (p = 0.012) and performance score of 15.50 ± 1.99 (p = 0.011). According to the survey, most participants agreed on the usefulness of VR application.Conclusions: This study suggests that VR based training improves ophthalmology residents’ clinical diagnostic skills for strabismus in a short period.

scholarly journals Cultural adaptation and internal consistency analysis of the MISSCARE Survey for use in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 610-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian Dias Castilho Siqueira ◽  
Maria Helena Larcher Caliri ◽  
Beatrice Kalisch ◽  
Rosana Aparecida Spadoti Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Methodological Research ◽  
Nursing Team ◽  
The Face ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Missed Nursing Care

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this methodological research were to culturally adapt the MISSCARE Survey instrument to Brazil and analyze the internal consistency of the adapted version. METHOD: The instrument consists of 41 items, presented in two parts. Part A contains 24 items listing elements of missed nursing care. Part B is comprised of 17 items, related to the reasons for not delivering care. The research received ethics committee approval and was undertaken in two phases. The first was the cultural adaptation process, in which a committee of five experts verified the face and content validity, in compliance with the steps recommended in the literature. The second was aimed at analyzing the internal consistency of the instrument, involving 60 nursing team professionals at a public teaching hospital. RESULTS: According to the experts, the instrument demonstrated face and content validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for parts A and B surpassed 0.70 and were considered appropriate. CONCLUSION: The adapted version of the MISSCARE Survey demonstrated satisfactory face validity and internal consistency for the study sample.

Development, Establishment Of the Psychometric Properties and Usability Testing Of a Novel Multi-Dimensional Web Based Diary For Children With Sickle Cell Disease

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 2961-2961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitya Bakshi ◽  
Jennifer Stinson ◽  
Ines Lukombo ◽  
Diana Ross ◽  
Nonita Mittal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Pain Diary ◽  
The Face

Abstract Background Pain is the hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD) but burden of pain is underestimated when measured using health care visits for vaso-occlusive crisis. In the PiSCES study adult patients reported pain on > 50% of diary days but sought care on only 3.5 % of diary days. Accurate assessment of the burden of pain and related morbidity is crucial in clinical care and research studies in SCD. Paper based pain diaries for assessing daily pain are limited by recall bias, errors, inflated retrospective reports and falsely high compliance due to backfilling of entries. Electronic pain diaries facilitate real-time data capture, are convenient, prevent backfilling, maximize compliance and facilitate data management. They have been used in children with arthritis, cancer, abdominal and musculoskeletal pain but no validated instrument is available for use in children with SCD. Objective To develop, establish the face and content validity, and usability of a novel web-based multidimensional electronic pain diary for children and adolescents with SCD. Methods Needs assessment: Pediatric subjects in a pilot SCD pain intensity diary study participated in qualitative interviews to assess their preferences regarding an electronic pain diary. Instrument development: Items for the pain diary were adapted for SCD from “e-Ouch”(c), an electronic pain diary validated for use in children with arthritis. Items assess pain intensity, duration, interference with daily tasks, sleep, fatigue, precipitating factors, pain relieving treatments and response to treatments using the Numerical Rating Scale (0-10). We created a web-based pain diary that can be accessed via a secure website using a smartphone or computer. Face validity: Experts in SCD, pain and psychometrics rated the items on a 5 point Likert scale for content, language, clinical relevance, comprehensiveness of answer choices and likely feasibility and acceptability in children with SCD. Two iterative cycles of expert review were conducted and were used for modification of items. Content validity: Using items with established face validity, two iterative cycles of testing (n=5 each) with paper screenshots of questions using semi-structured cognitive interviewing techniques were done in pediatric patients age 15-22 with SCD. Preliminary usability testing: Participants age 9-21(n=5) pilot tested the web-based electronic pain diary on a computer, smartphone and tablet. They were asked to recall their current pain and pain in the prior 12 hours while answering the diary questions. The usability testing was followed by semi-structured interviews. Results Needs assessment: Patients indicated that electronic monitoring of pain could facilitate coordination of care, communication with providers and early intervention and that twice daily electronic documentation of pain would not pose an unacceptable burden. Face validity: Items were reviewed by 15 experts in the first iterative cycle and 12 experts in the second iterative cycle and were modified for language, content and relevance; 2 items were deleted and 1 item was added. Content Validity: During the first iterative cycle, participants identified items that were difficult to understand, ambiguous or irrelevant. Number of items was reduced from 18 to 13. During the second iterative cycle, one repetitive item was removed and others minimally modified. To minimize user burden items were redistributed so pain intensity, location, quality and precipitating factors were asked twice daily; effect of pain on sleep was asked in the morning and pain interference with daily activities, mood, school and interactions and clinical management items were asked in the evening. Usability testing: Participants were easily able to navigate between questions, use the 0-10 NRS slider, select affected areas on the body image and select checkbox options and provided positive feedback on the question content and, layout of the diary, ease of its use and preference for accessing it from a smartphone. Conclusions This study established the face and content validity and usability of a web-based multidimensional electronic pain diary developed for use in children with SCD. This instrument can be used to assess pain as a patient reported outcome in clinical trials, to enhance communication in clinical care and as a comprehensive measure of pain phenotype in mechanistic studies. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Principles of “Humanistic Environment” in Dental Education: Design, Validation, and Standardization of a Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nika Mehrnia ◽  
Maryam Sadeghipour ◽  
A. Hamid Zafarmand
Keyword(s):  
Content Validity ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
Health Science Education ◽  
The Face ◽  
Education Design ◽  
Training Courses

Abstract Background Health science education for students should comply with the principles of the Humanistic Environment. Adhering to these principles, along with other didactic and clinical training courses, will make treatment more successful and brings more satisfaction for patients. Methods Six completely related researches were found in the literature (Pubmed, Google Scholar). A questionnaire consisting of 67 questions was collected for evaluation. The questionnaire was submitted to 9 members of a panel of experts for a survey. Using statistical methods, Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) were determined and its reliability was evaluated. According to the relevant formula and Lawshe table questions with a score higher than 0.79 and 0.78 were included in the questionnaire, respectively. The questionnaire was also administered to 8 students for determining the Face Validity. Cronbach's Alpha was calculated 0.808, using SPSS (v.#22) software. The Reliability Analysis was determined based upon 15 students’ opinions. Results Eventually, a questionnaire containing 39 questions was finalized and categorized in 7 eminent humanistic fields. These are: Internal Feelings, Rules and Regulations, Interpersonal Relations, Behavior Change, Administration, Commitment & Satisfaction, Professional Ethics. Conclusions The principles of Humanistic Environment provide favorable interaction between students and teachers, satisfy the welfare of patient, and succeed the outcome of treatment along with regular scientific courses. Due to cultural and social differences, a specific questionnaire should be designed for each community to reflect their interests.

scholarly journals A high-fidelity, virtual reality, transurethral resection of bladder tumor simulator: Validation as a tool for training

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Moore ◽  
Stewart Whalen ◽  
Neal Rowe ◽  
Jason Lee ◽  
Michael Ordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Bladder Tumor ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The Face ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
Key Steps

Introduction: Simulation-based training is used to help trainees learn surgical procedures in a safe environment. The objective of our study was to test the face, content, and construct validity of the transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) module built on the Simbionix TURP Mentor simulator. Methods: Participants performed five standardized cases on the simulator. Domains of the simulator were evaluated on a five-point Likert scale to establish face and content validity. Construct validity was assessed through the simulator's built-in scoring metrics, as well as video recordings of the simulator screen and an anonymized view of participants' hands and feet, which were evaluated using an objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) tool. Results: Ten experienced operators and 15 novices participated. Face validity was somewhat acceptable (mean realism 3.8/5±1.03 standard deviation [SD]; mean appearance 4.1/5±0.57), as was content validity, represented by simulation of key steps (mean 3.9±0.57). The simulator failed to achieve construct validity. There was no difference in mean simulator scores or OSATS scoring between experienced operators and novices. Novices significantly improved their mean simulator scores (305.9 vs. 332.4, p=0.006) and OSATS scoring (15.8 vs. 18.1, p=0.001), while 87% felt their confidence to perform TURBT improved. Overall, 92% of participants agreed that the simulator should be incorporated into residency training. Conclusions: Our study suggests a role for the TURBT module of the Simbionix TURP Mentor simulator as an introduction to TURBT for urology trainees. Strong support was found from both experienced operators and novices for its formal inclusion in resident education.

Feasibility of ovine and synthetic temporal bone models for simulation training in endoscopic ear surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (11) ◽  
pp. 966-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Okhovat ◽  
T D Milner ◽  
A Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Endoscopic Ear Surgery ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
The Face ◽  
Temporal Bones ◽  
Endoscopic Tympanoplasty

AbstractObjectiveComparing the feasibility of ovine and synthetic temporal bones for simulating endoscopic ear surgery against the ‘gold standard’ of human cadaveric tissue.MethodsA total of 10 candidates (5 trainees and 5 experts) performed endoscopic tympanoplasty on 3 models: Pettigrew temporal bones, ovine temporal bones and cadaveric temporal bones. Candidates completed a questionnaire assessing the face validity, global content validity and task-specific content validity of each model.ResultsRegarding ovine temporal bone validity, the median values were 4 (interquartile range = 4–4) for face validity, 4 (interquartile range = 4–4) for global content validity and 4 (interquartile range = 4–4) for task-specific content validity. For the Pettigrew temporal bone, the median values were 3.5 (interquartile range = 2.25–4) for face validity, 3 (interquartile range = 2.75–3) for global content validity and 3 (interquartile range = 2.5–3) for task-specific content validity. The ovine temporal bone was considered significantly superior to the Pettigrew temporal bone for the majority of validity categories assessed.ConclusionTympanoplasty is feasible in both the ovine temporal bone and the Pettigrew temporal bone. However, the ovine model was a significantly more realistic simulation tool.

scholarly journals Usefulness of virtual reality-based training to diagnose strabismus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Sik Moon ◽  
Hyeon Jeong Yoon ◽  
Sang Woo Park ◽  
Chae Yeon Kim ◽  
Mu Seok Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Accuracy Score ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Deviation Angle ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vr Training ◽  
Real Patients ◽  
A Performance

AbstractTo study the usefulness of virtual reality (VR)-based training for diagnosing strabismus. Fourteen residents in ophthalmology performed at least 30 VR training sessions to diagnose esotropia and exotropia. Examinations of real patients with esotropia or exotropia before and after the VR training were video-recorded and presented to a strabismus expert to assess accuracy and performance scores for measuring the deviation angle and diagnosing strabismus with anonymization. A feedback survey regarding the usefulness and ease of use of the VR application was conducted for participants. The mean age of the 14 ophthalmology residents (10 men and 4 women), was 29.7 years. Before VR training, participants showed a mean accuracy score of 14.50 ± 5.45 and a performance score of 9.64 ± 4.67 for measuring the deviation angle and diagnosing strabismus in real patients with strabismus. After VR training, they showed a significantly improved accuracy score of 22.14 ± 4.37 (p = 0.012) and a performance score of 15.50 ± 1.99 (p = 0.011). According to the survey, most participants agreed on the usefulness of VR applications. This study suggests that VR-based training improved ophthalmology residents’ clinical diagnostic skills for strabismus in a short period.

scholarly journals The Development of the Text Evaluation Scale for Child Rights: A Study of Validity and Reliability

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Yusuf Söylemez
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Child Rights ◽  
Cronbach Alpha ◽  
The Face

This study was conducted with the aim of developing The Text Evaluation Scale for Child Rights. There are fourdifferent sample chosen for the face validity, content validity and construct validity (for pilot scheme and main study)of the study. For face validity, a sample group of 3 experts chosen with the method of purposeful sampling includingthe researcher was formed. For content validity, snowball method was determined and studied with 12 experts. Forthe study of construct validity, random sampling method was performed for the sample selection in pilot studyinvolving 120 people and in main study involving 510 people.The theoretical framework of the scale was determined by means of the attempts, conventions, studies regarding thesubject basing upon the United Nations Organization Child Rights Convention and additional protocols to thisconvention. One could get minimum 40 and maximum 200 points from the five-point Likert scale which consists of28 positive and 12 negative (total 40) items. The scale has two sub-dimensions which are content and author. Thefact that Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient is high regarding the sub-dimensions of the scale (authorsub-dimension= 0,822 content sub-dimension= 0,834) shows that the items in the sub-dimensions are consistent withone another. Cronbach Alpha value for the whole of the scale was determined as 0,90 which means that the scale ishighly reliable. Besides, in the scale, there are items of which factor loading value is higher than 0,45. When validityand reliability results are examined, it can be seen that the scale could be utilized to evaluate the text in terms ofbeing suitable for the child rights.

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