Consumption of ultra-processed foods in adolescents with obesity and its association with food educational style of their parent: observational study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Borloz ◽  
Sophie Bucher Della Torre ◽  
Collet Tinh-Hai ◽  
Corinne Jotterand Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Feeding Style ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Obesity Clinic

BACKGROUND Eating habits and the parental educational model are both contributors to the development of childhood obesity. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in adolescents with obesity and to determine the association with the food educational style of their parent. METHODS This observational study included 24 participants: 12 adolescents aged from 12 to 14 years and their 12 parents who were followed in a specialized pediatric obesity clinic. Adolescents were asked to take a photograph with a smartphone application of all meals and beverages consumed in their daily routine over 14 consecutive days. They evaluated their parent’s food educational style using the Kids’ Child Feeding Questionnaire. The parent who was present at the study visits also completed the Feeding Style Questionnaire. A dietitian analyzed the pictures to extract food group portions and to identify UPF using the NOVA classification. A non-parametric statistical test was used to investigate associations between UPF intake and food educational style. RESULTS Overall, the adolescents (eight boys and four girls) had unbalanced dietary habits compared to national recommendations. They consumed an insufficient quantity of vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and starchy foods and an excessive amount of meat portions, and sugary and fatty products compared to the current Swiss recommendations. Their consumption of UPF accounted for 20% of their food intake. All teenagers defined their parent as being restrictive in terms of diet, with a mean parental restriction score of 3.3 ± standard deviation 0.4 (norm median = 2.1). No parent reported a permissive educational feeding style. A higher intake of UPF was associated with lower parental restriction scores (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Despite being followed in a specialized pediatric obesity clinic, these adolescents had an unbalanced diet, which included 20% UPF. The intake of UPF was lower in participants whose parent was more restrictive, suggesting the importance of parents as role models and to provide adequate food at home. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.org registry no. NCT03241121

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and binge eating: A retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Ayton ◽  
Ali Ibrahim ◽  
James Dugan ◽  
Eimar Galvin ◽  
Oliver Wroe-Wright
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVEThere is increasing evidence of the impact of ultra-processed foods on multiple metabolic and neurobiological pathways, including those involved in eating behaviours, both in animals and in humans. In this pilot study, we aimed to explore ultra-processed foods and their link with disordered eating in a clinical sample. METHODSThis was a single site, retrospective observational study in a specialist eating disorder service using self report on the electronic health records. Patients with a DSM-5 diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) or binge eating disorder (BED) were randomly selected from the service database in Oxford from 2017 to 2019. The recently introduced NOVA classification was used to determine the degree of industrial food processing in each patient’s diet. Frequencies of ultra-processed foods were analysed for each diagnosis, at each mealtime and during episodes of bingeing.RESULTS71 female and 3 male patients were included in the study. 22 had AN, 25 BN and 26 had BED. Patients with AN reported consuming 55% NOVA-4 foods, as opposed to approximately 70% in BN and BED. Binge foods were 100% ultra-processed.DISCUSSIONFurther research into the metabolic and neurobiological effects of reducing ultra-processed food intake on bingeing behaviour is needed.

Characterizing attendance patterns at a multidisciplinary pediatric obesity clinic

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-337
Author(s):  
Anne S. Morrow ◽  
Shanda Sandridge ◽  
Whitney Herring ◽  
Krista King ◽  
Sophie Lanciers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Attendance Patterns ◽  
Obesity Clinic

scholarly journals Qualitative research study on addressing barriers to healthy diet among low-income individuals at an urban, safety-net hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000064
Author(s):  
Erin Cahill ◽  
Stacie R Schmidt ◽  
Tracey L Henry ◽  
Gayathri Kumar ◽  
Sara Berney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Adequate Food ◽  
Safety Net Hospital ◽  
Urban Safety

BackgroundSome American households experience food insecurity, where access to adequate food is limited by lack of money and other resources. As such, we implemented a free 6-month Fruit and Vegetable Prescription Program within a large urban safety-net hospital .Methods32 participants completed a baseline and postintervention qualitative evaluation about food-related behaviour 6 months after study completion. Deductive codes were developed based on the key topics addressed in the interviews; inductive codes were identified from analytically reading the transcripts. Transcripts were coded in MAXQDA V.12 (Release 12.3.2).ResultsThe information collected in the qualitative interviews highlights the many factors that affect dietary habits, including the environmental and individual influences that play a role in food choices people make. Participants expressed very positive sentiments overall about their programme participation.ConclusionsA multifaceted intervention that targets individual behaviour change, enhances nutritional knowledge and skills, and reduces socioeconomic barriers to accessing fresh produce may enhance participant knowledge and self-efficacy around healthy eating. However, socioeconomic factors remain as continual barriers to sustaining healthy eating over the long term. Ongoing efforts that address social determinants of health may be necessary to promote sustainability of behaviour change.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and binge eating: A retrospective observational study

Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 111023
Author(s):  
Agnes Ayton ◽  
Ali Ibrahim ◽  
James Dugan ◽  
Eimear Galvin ◽  
Oliver Wroe Wright
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Processed Foods

scholarly journals Associations between beverage consumption of parents and their children. The ToyBox-study

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Flores Barrantes ◽  
Alicia Larruy ◽  
Maria Luisa Miguel-Berges ◽  
Pilar De Miguel-Etayo ◽  
Iris Iglesia-Altaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

AbstractIntroduction: Dietary habits are established from a very young age. Parental role modeling is an important factor influencing the eating behavior of their children. Drinking behavior may have an impact in the development of childhood obesity. This study aimed to explore the correlations of core drinking beverages between parents and their children.Materials and Methods: The present study included children of 3.5–5.5 years and their parents from the (Multifactorial evidence-based approach using behavioral models in understanding and promoting fun, healthy food, play and policy for the prevention of obesity in early childhood) ToyBox study. The study was a kindergarten-based family-involved intervention, in preschool children from six European countries: Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland, and Spain. For this study, we analyzed data from the baseline cross-sectional survey.Data on consumption frequency of water, homemade or fresh fruit juice, prepacked fruit juice, light beverages and sugared sweetened beverages consumption from parents and their children was obtained via a validated food frequency questionnaire. Parents were given examples of serving sizes and asked about how to self-report their usual consumption per day or week. Beverage consumption of children was reported by their parents and information about frequency and portion sizes was collected. Body weight and height of children was measured and classified according to the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF). Bivariate correlations were performed to analyze beverage consumption (servings per day) in children and their parents.Results: The studied sample included 5266 pairs of children (49.2% girls) and parents (91.7% women) that were included in the analysis.Girls presented higher correlations in water (r2 = 0,317) and sugar sweetened beverages (r2 = 0,302), whereas boys, presented slightly higher correlations of light soft drinks (r2 = 0,273), pure fruit juices (r2 = 0,308) and prepacked fruit juices (r2 = 0,324), all of them at < 0.01 level of significance. Considering boys and girls together, a slightly higher significant correlation coefficients were found between children-parents’ dyads with overweight/obesity compared to normal weight children-parentś for sugar sweetened beverages (r2 = 0,303) and light soft drinks (r2 = 0,396).Discussion: Beverage consumption of children and their parents were found to be moderately correlated. Overweight children seem to have better correlations with their parents in relation of sugar sweetened beverages and light soft drinks. Parents should encourage a healthy beverage consumption for their own health and most important, because there are key role models to their children.

scholarly journals Barriers to Consuming Dietary Protein and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Low-Income and Homeless Adults (P04-089-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Walker ◽  
Kevin Fitzpatrick ◽  
Jamie Baum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Homeless Adults ◽  
Adequate Food

Abstract Objectives Over 40 million Americans identify as food insecure and lack access to adequate food. The objective of this study was to identify the barriers to consuming dietary protein and to determine how lack of access to dietary protein is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in food insecure (FI) and homeless adults Methods Participants were recruited during intake at a medical outreach event for homeless and low-income adults living in Northwest Arkansas. A total of 96 adults (62 male and 33 female; 50.3 ±13.3 y) completed the survey. Subjects were asked to verbally respond to questions regarding their current housing and food security status, dietary habits, and general access to medical care. Cardiometabolic risk factors (BMI, glucose, and blood pressure) were also measured. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science v25. Results A total of 74.8% of participants reported some degree of FI. The majority of FI participants reported high- (32.6%) followed by moderate- (31.5%) and low-severity (16.3%); almost half of the participants (44.8%) reported being homeless. Barriers to protein consumption were positively correlated with FI (r = .36; P < .001). Over 70% of participants reported at least one barrier that prevented them from consuming protein. The majority reported that cost was the most important barrier to accessing protein (58%), followed by convenience (25%) and time available to prepare it (22%). In part, due to these and other barriers, more than one-third of respondents reported consuming protein fewer than 5 times per week. There were no associations between FI and cardiometabolic risk factors. Nevertheless, the majority of participants screened (88%) had blood pressure above 120/80 mm and had elevated blood glucose (39.7%) and 76% were either overweight or obese. Conclusions Barriers to consuming dietary protein exist among homeless and low-income adults. Cost and convenience are the two most important barriers among this population subgroup; persons reporting barriers to protein access also reported higher levels of FI. Additionally, food insecurity and homelessness may increase risk for irregular cardiometabolic biomarkers. Future research will focus on how to overcome these barriers and improve markers of cardio metabolic health in adults experiencing FI. Funding Sources American Egg Board/Egg Nutrition Center.

Parental Feeding Style and Pediatric Obesity in Latino Families

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Maliszewski ◽  
Meredith Dreyer Gillette ◽  
Chris Brown ◽  
John D. Cowden
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Latino Families ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Feeding Style ◽  
Parental Feeding ◽  
Culturally Sensitive Interventions ◽  
Child Bmi

Introduction: Pediatric obesity has become an epidemic in the United States. Previous research has shown that parenting factors related to feeding style affect child weight and that Latino families are especially at risk for pediatric obesity. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between parental feeding style and child body mass index (BMI) in Latino families. Method: Latino parents of children between the ages of 2 and 8 ( N = 124) completed a survey on parental feeding styles, acculturation, and demographics. The outcome variable was child BMI. Results: Among respondents, 89% were mothers, 72% were overweight or obese, and 40% reported an indulgent feeding style. Children had a mean age of 59 months ( SD = 23.8) and a mean BMI z score of 0.77 ( SD = 1.14). A demanding parental feeding style was associated with lower child BMI z score, r = −.179, p < .05, and higher acculturation level, r = .213, p < .05. Conclusions: Findings from the current study can be used to inform health care practitioners of the need to use culturally sensitive interventions that consider parents’ feeding behaviors. Future research is warranted in the area of ethnic variations of parenting and how these affect feeding and obesity in this highly vulnerable population.

scholarly journals Dietary phenotype and advanced glycation end-products predict WTC-obstructive airways disease: a longitudinal observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Lam ◽  
Sophia Kwon ◽  
Jessica Riggs ◽  
Maria Sunseri ◽  
George Crowley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Airway Hyperreactivity ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Advanced Glycation ◽  
Sugary Drinks ◽  
Obstructive Airways Disease

Abstract Background Diet is a modifier of metabolic syndrome which in turn is associated with World Trade Center obstructive airways disease (WTC-OAD). We have designed this study to (1) assess the dietary phenotype (food types, physical activity, and dietary habits) of the Fire Department of New York (FDNY) WTC-Health Program (WTC-HP) cohort and (2) quantify the association of dietary quality and its advanced glycation end product (AGE) content with the development of WTC-OAD. Methods WTC-OAD, defined as developing WTC-Lung Injury (WTC-LI; FEV1 < LLN) and/or airway hyperreactivity (AHR; positive methacholine and/or positive bronchodilator response). Rapid Eating and Activity Assessment for Participants-Short Version (REAP-S) deployed on 3/1/2018 in the WTC-HP annual monitoring assessment. Clinical and REAP-S data of consented subjects was extracted (7/17/2019). Diet quality [low-(15–19), moderate-(20–29), and high-(30–39)] and AGE content per REAP-S questionnaire were assessed for association with WTC-OAD. Regression models adjusted for smoking, hyperglycemia, hypertension, age on 9/11, WTC-exposure, BMI, and job description. Results N = 9508 completed the annual questionnaire, while N = 4015 completed REAP-S and had spirometry. WTC-OAD developed in N = 921, while N = 3094 never developed WTC-OAD. Low- and moderate-dietary quality, eating more (processed meats, fried foods, sugary drinks), fewer (vegetables, whole-grains),and having a diet abundant in AGEs were significantly associated with WTC-OAD. Smoking was not a significant risk factor of WTC-OAD. Conclusions REAP-S was successfully implemented in the FDNY WTC-HP monitoring questionnaire and produced valuable dietary phenotyping. Our observational study has identified low dietary quality and AGE abundant dietary habits as risk factors for pulmonary disease in the context of WTC-exposure. Dietary phenotyping, not only focuses our metabolomic/biomarker profiling but also further informs future dietary interventions that may positively impact particulate matter associated lung disease.

Longitudinal associations of visit satisfaction and treatment alliance with outcomes in pediatric obesity clinic visits

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina M. Bejarano ◽  
Amy Milkes ◽  
Md Jobayer Hossain ◽  
Francisco Argueta-Ortiz ◽  
Tim Wysocki
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Treatment Alliance ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Obesity Clinic ◽  
Clinic Visits

scholarly journals Alternative Treatments for Minor GI Ailments

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
AK Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Herbal Products

About 80% of the population worldwide use a variety of traditional medicine, including herbal medicines, for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of illnesses, and for the improvement of general well-being. Total consumer spending on herbal dietary supplements in the United States reached an estimated $8.085 billion in 2017. In addition, the 8.5% increase in total sales from 2016 is the strongest growth for these products in more than 15 years. The main reason to use herbal products in these countries is the assumption of a better tolerability compared to synthetic drugs. Whereas in developing countries herbal medicines are mostly the only available and   affordable treatment option. Surveys from industrialized countries reveal as main health areas in which herbal products are used for upper airway diseases including cough and common cold; other leading causes are gastrointestinal, nervous and urinary complaints up to painful conditions such as rheumatic diseases, joint pain and stiffness. Gastrointestinal disorders are the most widespread problems in health care. Many factors may upset the GI tract and its motility (or ability to keep moving), including: eating a diet low in fiber; lack of motion or sedentary lifestyle; frequent traveling or changes in daily routine; having excessive dairy products; anxiety and depression; resisting the urge to have a bowel movement habitually or due to pain of hemorrhoids; misuse of laxatives (stool softeners) that, over time, weaken the bowel muscles; calcium or aluminum antacids, antidepressants, iron pills, narcotics; pregnancy. About 30% to 40% of adults claim to have frequent indigestion, and over 50 million visits are made annually to ambulatory care facilities for symptoms related to the digestive system. Over ten million endoscopies and surgical procedures involving the GI tract are performed each year. Community-based studies from around the world demonstrate that 10% to 46% of all children meet the criteria for RAP. Gastrointestinal disorders such as chronic or acute diarrhea, malabsorption, abdominal pain, and inflammatory bowel diseases can indicate immune deficiency, present in 5% to 50% of patients with primary immunodeficiencies. The gastrointestinal tract is the largest lymphoid organ in the body, so it is not surprising that intestinal diseases are common among immunodeficient patients. Gastroenterologists therefore must be able to diagnose and treat patients with primary immunodeficiency. Further, pathogens do influence the gut function. On the other hand, dietary habits and specific food types can play a significant role in the onset, treatment, and prevention of many GI disorders. Many of these can be prevented or minimized by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and practicing good bowel habits.   Article Type: Review

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