scholarly journals National-Level Disparities in Internet Access Among Low-Income and Black and Hispanic Youth: Challenges in Reaching At Risk Groups (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Margaret Dolcini ◽  
Jesse A Canchola ◽  
Joseph A Catania ◽  
Marissa M Song Mayeda ◽  
Erin L Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Low Income ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Hispanic Youth ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
The U.S

BACKGROUND Internet access is increasingly critical for adolescents with regard to obtaining health information and resources, participating in online health promotion and communicating with health practitioners. Yet, past work demonstrates that access is not uniform across U.S. youth, with lower access found among groups with higher health related needs. Population level data yield important insights about access and internet use in the U.S. OBJECTIVE To examine internet access and mode of access by social class and race/ethnicity among youth (14-17 years) in the U.S. METHODS Using the Current Population Survey (CPS), we examined internet access, cell/smartphone access and modes of connecting to the internet for adolescents for 2015 (unweighted N= 6950; expanded weights N = 17,103,547) and 2017 (unweighted n = 6761; expanded weights N = 17,379,728). RESULTS Internet access increased from 2015 to 2017, but SES and racial/ethnic disparities remain. In 2017, the greatest disparities were found for youth in low-income households (no home access (HA) = 23%), and for Blacks (no HA = 18%) and Hispanics (no HA = 14%). Low-income Black and Hispanic youth were the most likely to lack home internet access (no HA, Low-SES Black = 29%; Low-SES Hispanic = 21%). Mode of access (e.g., from home, smartphone) and smartphone only analyses also revealed disparities. CONCLUSIONS Without internet access, online dissemination of information, health promotion, and health care will not reach a significant segment of youth. Currently, SES and racial/ethnic disparities in access prolong health inequalities.

scholarly journals NATIONAL-LEVEL DISPARITIES IN INTERNET ACCESS AMONG LOW-INCOME AND BLACK AND HISPANIC YOUTH: CHALLENGES IN REACHING AT RISK GROUPS (Preprint)

10.2196/27723 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Margaret Dolcini ◽  
Jesse A Canchola ◽  
Joseph A Catania ◽  
Marissa M Song Mayeda ◽  
Erin L Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Low Income ◽  
National Level ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hispanic Youth

scholarly journals Impact of human papillomavirus vaccination on racial/ethnic disparities in vaccine-type human papillomavirus prevalence among 14–26 year old females in the U.S.

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (50) ◽  
pp. 7682-7688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Hirth ◽  
Christine J. McGrath ◽  
Yong-Fang Kuo ◽  
Richard E. Rupp ◽  
Jonathan M. Starkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Old Females ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Screenomics: A New Approach for Observing and Studying Individuals’ Digital Lives

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilam Ram ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
Mu-Jung Cho ◽  
Miriam Brinberg ◽  
Fiona Muirhead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Hispanic Youth ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Different Content ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study describes when and how adolescents engage with their fast-moving and dynamic digital environment as they go about their daily lives. We illustrate a new approach— screenomics—for capturing, visualizing, and analyzing screenomes, the record of individuals’ day-to-day digital experiences. Sample includes over 500,000 smartphone screenshots provided by four Latino/Hispanic youth, age 14 to 15 years, from low-income, racial/ethnic minority neighborhoods. Screenomes collected from smartphones for 1 to 3 months, as sequences of smartphone screenshots obtained every 5 seconds that the device is activated, are analyzed using computational machinery for processing images and text, machine learning algorithms, human labeling, and qualitative inquiry. Adolescents’ digital lives differ substantially across persons, days, hours, and minutes. Screenomes highlight the extent of switching among multiple applications, and how each adolescent is exposed to different content at different times for different durations—with apps, food-related content, and sentiment as illustrative examples. We propose that the screenome provides the fine granularity of data needed to study individuals’ digital lives, for testing existing theories about media use, and for generation of new theory about the interplay between digital media and development.

Impact of HPV Vaccination on Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Vaccine Type HPV Prevalence in the U.S.

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 521
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Hirth ◽  
Christine McGrath ◽  
Yong-Fang Kuo ◽  
Richard E. Rupp ◽  
Jonathan M. Starkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals The Structural and Social Determinants of the Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the U.S. COVID-19 Pandemic. What’s Our Role?

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (7) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta Thakur ◽  
Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir ◽  
Christian Bime ◽  
Juan P. Wisnivesky ◽  
Juan C. Celedón
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among California children

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (16) ◽  
pp. 2864-2869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L Beck ◽  
Suzanna Martinez ◽  
Anisha I Patel ◽  
Alicia Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Population Level ◽  
California Health Interview Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sports Drinks ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractObjective:To assess trends in consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) from 2013 to 2016 among all children in California aged 2–5 and 6–11 years and by racial-ethnic group.Design:Serial cross-sectional study using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS).Setting:CHIS is a telephone survey of households in California designed to assess population-level estimates of key health behaviours. Previous research using CHIS documented a decrease in SSB consumption among children in California from 2003 to 2009 coinciding with state-level policy efforts targeting child SSB consumption.Participants:Parents of children in California aged 2–11 years (n 4901 in 2013–2014; n 3606 in 2015–2016) were surveyed about the child’s consumption of soda and sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks on the day prior.Results:Among 2–5-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB remained stable. Sweetened fruit drink/sports drink consumption was higher than soda consumption in this age group. Latino 2–5- year-olds were more likely to consume any SSB in both 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 compared with Whites. Among 6–11-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB also remained stable over time. Latino and African-American 6–11-year-olds were more likely to consume an SSB in 2013–2014 compared with White children.Conclusions:SSB consumption among children in California was unchanged from 2013 to 2016 and racial-ethnic disparities were evident. Increased policy efforts are needed to further reduce SSB consumption, particularly among children of Latino and African-American backgrounds.

Abstract P25: Identifying Socioeconomic Gradients and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Outcomes From Ischemic Stroke Hospitalizations

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amresh D Hanchate ◽  
Elaine Hylek ◽  
Griffith Bell
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Median Income ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Healthcare Outcomes ◽  
Inpatient Mortality ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

OBJECTIVE Even though there are over half a million hospitalizations for acute stroke nationally each year, little attention has been paid to examining racial and ethnic disparities in outcomes, especially inpatient mortality and paralysis. The limited evidence available presents a somewhat confusing picture that is confounded by systematic differences in socioeconomic status (SES) across racial and ethnic populations. STUDY DESIGN We stratified all inpatient admissions for ischemic stroke in all civilian Texas hospitals in 2007 (N=21,203) by sex, age (44-64, 65-74, 75-84 and 85+), race/ethnicity (white, black, Hispanic and other) and zip-code median income (low income = poorest quartile zip codes). Inpatient mortality and paralysis were the outcomes of interest. Secondary diagnosis codes (ICD-9) were used to identify patient risk factors (including atrial fibrillation, hypertension, heart failure and diabetes). Pooled multilevel logistic regression models were estimated to measure mean differences in outcomes across SES and racial/ethnic cohorts. FINDINGS The overall outcome rates -- inpatient mortality=4.9%, paralysis=28.4% -- mask considerable systematic variation. Differences by race/ethnicity are relatively small and not statistically significant: 3.5% (whites), 2.9% (blacks) and 3.8% (Hispanics). However, lower income is associated with a substantially large increase in this risk. Same-race/ethnicity counterparts from lower income zip codes had 47% (whites), 67% (blacks) and 22% (Hispanic) higher inpatient mortality rate (p-value<0.05). Differences in risk adjusted rates of paralysis by race/ethnicity were also not statistically significant - 26% (whites), 29% (blacks) and 30% (Hispanics). But counterparts from lower income zip codes had 20% (whites), 7% (blacks) and 23% (Hispanic) higher rates of paralysis (p-values<0.05). CONCLUSION Among whites, blacks and Hispanics, those residing in poorer zip codes experienced substantially worse rates of inpatient mortality and paralysis. IMPLICATIONS Further study needs to explore the potential pathways connecting lower SES with poorer healthcare outcomes, including, greater patient severity, delayed treatment and access to quality care.

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Dietary Intake of U.S. Children Participating in WIC

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan C. Zimmer ◽  
Veronica Rubio ◽  
Kristina W. Kintziger ◽  
Cristina Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Black Children ◽  
Hispanic Children ◽  
White Children ◽  
Food Package ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Hispanic White

Recent studies have assessed diet quality of low-income U.S. children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), but differences by race/ethnicity remain unknown. We assessed racial/ethnic disparities in nutrient intake from dietary sources (not supplements) among children participating in WIC, with a focus on priority nutrients and food groups for future WIC food package revisions, as described in a recent report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM). We used data from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) and multivariable linear regression analysis to evaluate relationships between race/ethnicity and nutrient/food group intake of children participating in WIC. All data were analyzed using SAS 9.4 survey procedures, accounting for the complex survey design of the NHANES. Compared to non-Hispanic White children, Hispanic children had diets with better nutrient distribution and lower dietary energy density, while non-Hispanic Black children had diets with poorer nutrient intake. Hispanic children had higher potassium and fiber intake, and consumed more legumes, while non-Hispanic Black children had lower calcium and vitamin D intake, higher sodium intake, and lower total dairy intake, compared to non-Hispanic White children. These findings can inform WIC nutrition education messages and future food package revisions.

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