Infant Safe Sleep Practices as Portrayed on Instagram: An Observational Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Chin ◽  
Rebecca Carlin ◽  
Anita Mathews ◽  
Rachel Moon
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Sleep Position ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Young Parents ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Infant Safe Sleep ◽  
Sleep Environment

BACKGROUND Parenting practices are highly influenced by perceived social norms. Social norms and American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines for infant safe sleep practices are often inconsistent. Instagram has become one of the most popular social media websites among young adults (including many expectant and new parents). We hypothesized that the majority of Instagram images of infant sleep and sleep environments are inconsistent with AAP guidelines, and that the number of “likes” for each image would not correlate with adherence of the image to these guidelines. OBJECTIVE To determine the extent of adherence of Instagram images of infant sleep and sleep environments to safe infant sleep guidelines. METHODS We searched Instagram using hashtags that were relevant to infant sleeping practices and environments. We then used an open-source web scraper to collect images and the number of “likes” for each image from 27 hashtags. Images were analyzed for adherence with AAP safe sleep guidelines. RESULTS A total of 1563 images (1134 of sleeping infant; 429 of infant sleep environment without sleeping infant) met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Only 117 (7.5%) of the 1563 images were consistent with AAP guidelines. The most common reasons for inconsistency with AAP guidelines were presence of bedding (75%) and non-recommended sleep position (42.2%). The number of “likes” was not correlated with adherence of the image to AAP guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Although individuals who use Instagram and post pictures of sleeping infants or infant sleep environments may not actually use these practices regularly, the consistent portrayal of images inconsistent with AAP guidelines reinforce that these practices are normative and may influence the practice of young parents. CLINICALTRIAL not applicable

scholarly journals Field assessment of a safe sleep instrument using smartphone technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Rosemary Nabaweesi ◽  
Leanne Whiteside-Mansell ◽  
Samantha H. Mullins ◽  
Mallikarjuna R. Rettiganti ◽  
Mary E. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Home Visit ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Sleep Position ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Smartphone Technology ◽  
Sleep Environment ◽  
Sleep Safety ◽  
Sleep Location

AbstractIntroduction:Sudden unexpected infant death is the leading cause of infant mortality with black: white infant mortality remaining at 2:1 for the last decade. Smartphone technology provides a convenient and accessible tool for injury prevention anticipatory guidance among at-risk communities.Materials and Methods:A convenience sample of pregnant teen mothers who own a smartphone. During a 1-month postnatal home visit, a safe sleep environment survey was administered, infant sleep practices were observed, and mothers trained to take and submit standard infants’ sleep environment photographs. Photographs were independently assessed for inter-rater reliability (IRR) across five sleep safety domains (primary outcome): sleep location, surface, position, presence of soft items, and hazards near the sleep area. Expert and novice coders IRR was measured using Cohen’s kappa coefficient (K). Sleep safety correlation between photographs and observation, and parent report and observation was determined.Results:Sixteen (57.1%) mothers completed the home visit. Most parents reported infants sleeping supine (78.5) in parents’ bedroom (85.9%). Photographs demonstrated sleep position, soft items without the baby present, and hanging toys had perfect agreement across all three coder pairs. Safe sleep experts’ IRR demonstrated perfect agreement for sleep location, position, and soft items. While 83.8% of parents were observed putting their infants down to sleep on their back, 78.5% of parents reported doing the same and 82.4% of the photographs demonstrated supine infant sleep position.Conclusion:Using photographs, coders can reliably categorize some key infant sleep safety aspects, and photograph sleep safety is comparable to parent report and direct observation.

An evaluation of factors associated with safe infant sleep practices among perinatal home visiting participants in Florida, United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110448
Author(s):  
Barbara Dorjulus ◽  
Concha Prieto ◽  
Rafaella S Elger ◽  
Igbagbosanmi Oredein ◽  
Vidya Chandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Bivariate Statistics ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Bed Sharing ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Childhood Home ◽  
Safe Sleep Education ◽  
Early Childhood Home Visiting

Sleep-related deaths are a leading cause of infant mortality in Florida. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends placing infants to sleep on their back, alone, and without soft bedding. Compliance with these guidelines varies among parents. This evaluation examined the rates of safe infant sleep practices and associated factors among 1985 participants enrolled in Florida Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (FL MIECHV) programs during 2017–2019. Participant- and program-level variables were examined in relation to three sleep practices: infant position, bedding, and bed-sharing at 2–3 months to determine which factors were associated with high rates of safe sleep outcomes. Analyses included univariate descriptive statistics, bivariate statistics, and multivariable logistic regression. Most caregivers (70%) reported always placing their babies to sleep on their back, alone, and without soft bedding. Factors such as primary language, race, education, housing situation, and year the Safe Baby™ curriculum implemented were significantly associated with safe infant sleep practices. Bearing this in mind, FL MIECHV can tailor safe sleep education, messaging, and strategies to support participants at highest risk. Recent adoption of the Safe Baby™ curriculum, and associated staff training, was an important factor influencing parents’ infant sleep practices.

Health education intervention promoting infant safe sleep in paediatric primary care: randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Eileen M McDonald ◽  
Amanda Davani ◽  
Akisha Price ◽  
Patricia Mahoney ◽  
Wendy Shields ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Education Intervention ◽  
Anticipatory Guidance ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Health Education Intervention ◽  
Paediatric Primary Care ◽  
Sleep Environment ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundFew randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted to improve infant sleep practices. There is limited research on how best to integrate safe sleep information into routine paediatric anticipatory guidance delivered at well child visits (WCVs). This protocol paper describes the design of the Safe Start Study, which aims to evaluate the impact of safe sleep interventions on parents’ knowledge, beliefs and behaviours related to creating and maintaining a safe sleep environment for their infants.MethodsSafe Start is a three-group RCT comparing a safe sleep health education intervention delivered as part of the 2-week WCV, an attention-matched control group that receives a scald burn prevention intervention, and a standard of care group. A baseline survey is completed at the 2-week WCV; follow-up surveys and observations are completed in the home at 2–4 weeks and 2–3 months. Participants include mother–baby dyads attending a large urban paediatric primary care practice and their paediatricians. Primary outcomes are self-reported behaviours (baby sleeps alone, on back, in crib and in a smoke-free environment), observations of the sleep environment, paediatricians’ anticipatory guidance counselling about safe sleep and participants’ reported exposure to an existing city-wide safe sleep campaign.DiscussionProviding a theory-driven and evidenced-based safe sleep intervention is both a research and a clinical practice priority. This study will advance the application of educational and environmental interventions in the primary care setting to improve the safety of infant sleep environments in high-risk families.Trial registration numberNCT03070639; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Poverty and Paternal Education Associated With Infant Safe Sleep Intentions in a Peri-Urban Community in Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110441
Author(s):  
Hartley Feld ◽  
Janeth Ceballos Osorio ◽  
Marisol Bahamonde ◽  
Thomas Young ◽  
Pablo Boada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Paternal Education ◽  
Infant Safe Sleep ◽  
High Risk Populations

Ecuador’s annual mortality rate from SIDS is 0.4 per 100 000 people, 4 times higher than neighboring countries Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil. Modifying the infant sleep environment toward safe practice has been demonstrated to be the most effective risk reduction strategy in reducing mortality from SIDS and little is known about sleep practices in Ecuador. The purpose of this study is to describe baseline infant sleep intentions of pregnant women in a peri-urban, low resource community in Ecuador. We also aim to identify demographic and psychosocial factors associated with suboptimal sleep practices in this context to develop long-term strategies to identify infants with high risk for SIDS/SUID. A cross-sectional study design was employed with 100 women in their third trimester of pregnancy. The majority of women were partnered (82%), both parents had approximately 8 years of education, and over half reported that their incomes met or exceeded their basic needs (55%). Significant predictors of safer sleep intention included years of paternal education ( P = .019) and income meeting their basic needs ( P = .0049). For each additional year of paternal education, families were 23% more likely to report safer intended infant sleep practices. Compared to those whose income did not allow for basic needs, those who had sufficient income to meet (or exceed) basic needs were 425% more likely to report safer intended sleep practices. Targeted interventions to high-risk populations may reduce the burden of SIDS/SUID in this community.

Improving Hospital Infant Safe Sleep Compliance by Using Safety Prevention Bundle Methodology

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich K. Batra ◽  
Mary Lewis ◽  
Deepa Saravana ◽  
Tammy E. Corr ◽  
Carrie Daymont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Charts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Caregiver Education ◽  
Infant Safe Sleep ◽  
Children’S Hospital ◽  
Statistical Process Control Charts ◽  
Sleep Environment

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sudden unexpected infant death often results from unsafe sleep environments and is the leading cause of postneonatal mortality in the United States. Standardization of infant sleep environment education has been revealed to impact such deaths. This standardized approach is similar to safety prevention bundles typically used to monitor and improve health outcomes, such as those related to hospital-acquired conditions (HACs). We sought to use the HAC model to measure and improve adherence to safe sleep guidelines in an entire children’s hospital. METHODS A hospital-wide safe sleep bundle was implemented on September 15, 2017. A safe sleep performance improvement team met monthly to review data and discuss ideas for improvement through the use of iterative plan-do-study-act cycles. Audits were performed monthly from March 2017 to October 2019 and monitored safe sleep parameters. Adherence was measured and reviewed through the use of statistical process control charts (p-charts). RESULTS Overall compliance improved from 9% to 72%. Head of bed flat increased from 62% to 93%, sleep space free of extra items increased from 52% to 81%, and caregiver education completed increased from 10% to 84%. The centerline for infant in supine position remained stable at 81%. CONCLUSIONS Using an HAC bundle safety prevention model to improve adherence to infant safe sleep guidelines is a feasible and effective method to improve the sleep environment for infants in all areas of a children’s hospital.

scholarly journals Safe Sleep Knowledge and Use of Provided Cribs in a Crib Delivery Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Matthew Engel ◽  
Carolyn R. Ahlers-Schmidt ◽  
Bonita Suter
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Safe Sleep ◽  
Program Staff ◽  
Infant Safe Sleep ◽  
Soft Objects ◽  
Infant Birth

Introduction. Risk of infant sleep-related death can be reducedthrough safe sleep practices. Barriers to infant safe sleep have beenmitigated through education and crib distribution, however, previousstudies have not explored whether distributed cribs are put to use. Methods. In a rural Michigan county, the Great Start Sleep Initiativesupplied cribs and education shortly after infant birth to familieswith high-risk of infant mortality, as assessed through comprehensiveinterviews with families by program staff. Participant knowledgewas evaluated using structured pre- and post-assessments beforeand after education. Further, a home visit was conducted to evaluatethe infant’s sleeping environment. Data from the program, collectedbetween January 2012 and December 2014, were evaluated. Results. Cribs and concomitant education were delivered to 75caregivers. Knowledge of safe sleep practices increased significantlyat follow-up with 67 caregivers (89%) affirming back positioning,68 (91%) endorsing removal of unsafe items or soft objects, suchas blankets, from the sleeping area, and 42 (56%) renouncing bedsharing.At the home visit, 74 caregivers (99%) were using a crib toput their infant down to sleep, 70 (93%) were using the providedcrib, and 67 (89%) had no unsafe items in the child’s sleeping area. Conclusion. Providing education to high-risk mothersresulted in improved safe sleep knowledge and providedcribs are used in these homes. KS J Med 2017;10(3):59-61.

Putting Babies “Back to Sleep”: Can We Do Better?

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Levy Raydo ◽  
Christine Reu-Donlon
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Sleep Position ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Infant Sleep Position ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Sleep Positioning

The American Academy of Pediatrics first recommended in 1992 that infants be placed on their backs for sleep to reduce the risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Since that time, there has been a national drop in the incidence of SIDS of more than 40 percent. Unfortunately, many parents and other caregivers are still receiving inconsistent information and observing varying practices regarding infant sleep position.This article emphasizes the role of the health care professional in both teaching and modeling these potentially lifesaving practices consistently and unambiguously. Available literature is reviewed regarding attitudes and beliefs about infant sleep positioning, and specific concerns are addressed in order to allow for better tailoring of educational programs.

A Community-based Survey of Infant Sleep Position

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 893-896
Author(s):  
John B. Chessare ◽  
Carl E. Hunt ◽  
Cheryl Bourguignon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Sleep Position ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

Objective. To determine prevalent infant sleep positions before and after the American Academy of Pediatrics position statement of 1992 and to identify determinants of sleep position. Method. Design: cross-sectional survey. Setting: private and hospital-sponsored general pediatric offices. Participants: parents of infants younger than 7 months of age. Results. Eight hundred fifty-two care givers completed surveys during the 5-week study. Fifty-four percent of the study infants were put to sleep in the prone position. In 416 families with more than one child, however, 75% of the youngest siblings had been put to sleep in the prone position at the same age. Gender, race, family income, maternal smoking, and birth weight were not associated with choice of sleep position. Conclusions. There has been a change in infant sleep positioning in the desired direction since the American Academy of Pediatrics statement. However, 54% of the study infants were still being put to sleep prone.

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