scholarly journals Using Narrative Evidence to Convey Health Information on Social Media: The Case of COVID-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Gesser-Edelsburg

UNSTRUCTURED During disease outbreaks or pandemics, policy makers must convey information to the public for informative purposes (eg, morbidity or mortality rates). They must also motivate members of the public to cooperate with the guidelines, specifically by changing their usual behavior. Policy makers have traditionally adopted a didactic and formalistic stance by conveying dry, statistics-based health information to the public. They have not yet considered the alternative of providing health information in the form of narrative evidence, using stories that address both cognitive and emotional aspects. The aim of this viewpoint paper is to introduce policy makers to the advantages of using narrative evidence to provide health information during a disease outbreak or pandemic such as COVID-19. Throughout human history, authorities have tended to employ apocalyptic narratives during disease outbreaks or pandemics. This viewpoint paper proposes an alternative coping narrative that includes the following components: segmentation; barrier reduction; role models; empathy and support; strengthening self-efficacy, community efficacy, and coping tools; preventing stigmatization of at-risk populations; and communicating uncertainty. It also discusses five conditions for using narrative evidence to produce an effective communication campaign on social media: (1) identifying narratives that reveal the needs, personal experiences, and questions of different subgroups to tailor messaging to produce targeted behavioral change; (2) providing separate and distinct treatment of each information unit or theory that arises on social networks; (3) identifying positive deviants who found creative solutions for stress during the COVID-19 crisis not found by other members of the community; (4) creating different stories of coping; and (5) maintaining a dialogue with population subgroups (eg, skeptical and hesitant groups). The paper concludes by proposing criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of a narrative.

Publika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD RIZAL FIRDAUS ◽  
Muhammad Farid Ma'ruf

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui masalah Partisipasi dalam Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat yang ada di RW 20 Kelurahan Citrodiwangsan. Peneliti menggunakan metode riset kualitatif . Responden dalam penelitian ini yaitu kader dan warga RW 20 Kelurahan Citrodiwangsan. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan tiga temuan. Pertama, partisipasi perencanaan masih tergolong kurang pro aktif dalam mengedukasi warga dikarenakan masih banyak RT yang tidak bisa mewadahi dan mengedukasi masyarakat untuk aktif dalam kegiatan Posyandu Gerbangmas. Kedua, terkait partisipasi pelaksanaan kegiatan masih banyak masyarakat yang memandang sebelah mata kegiatan ini meskipun seluruh warga telah diikutkan secara menyeluruh, hal ini karena kurangnya sosialisasi dari pengurus kader. Ketiga, faktor penghambat yaitu kurangnya memahami arti partisipasi yang rendah dimana masyarakat masih sibuk dengan kesibukannya sendiri serta kurangnya peran RT untuk mendorong masyarakatnya dalam memberikan pengertian akan pentingnya kegiatan posyandu. Oleh karena itu, dari beberapa masalah-masalah yang telah peneliti temukan maka peneliti memiliki saran yang bertujuan untuk memaksimalkan kader maupun RT dalam mengajak masyarakat. Saran tersebut diantaranya adalah pelaksanaan posyandu dilaksanakan pada hari libur, kegiatan posyandu tidak hanya ditempatkan pada satu titik tetapi dijadwalkan untuk berpindah ketempat kawasan lainnya dan memanfaatkan fasilitas media sosial untuk memberikan sosialisasi dan informasi kesehatan balita dan lansia. Kata kunci: masalah partisipasi, program pemberdayaan masyarakat, partisipasi perencanaan, partisipasi pelaksanaan, faktor penghambat partisipasi   This study aims to determine the problem of participation in the Community Empowerment Program in RW 20 Citrodiwangsan Village. Respondents in this study were cadres and residents of RW 20 Citrodiwangsan Village. Data were collected by interview and observation. This study resulted in three findings. First, planning participation is still classified as less proactive in educating residents because there are still many RTs that cannot accommodate and educate the public to be active in Gerbangmas Posyandu activities. Second, with regard to participation in the implementation of activities, there are still many people who underestimate this activity even though all residents have been included as a whole, this is due to the lack of socialization from the cadre management. Third, the inhibiting factor is the lack of understanding of the meaning of low participation where the community is still busy with their own activities and the lack of the role of the RT in encouraging the community to provide an understanding of the importance of posyandu activities. Therefore, from some of the problems that researchers have found, the researcher has suggestions that aim to maximize cadres and RTs in inviting the community. These suggestions include that the implementation of posyandu is carried out on holidays, posyandu activities are not only placed at one point but are scheduled to move to another area and utilizing social media facilities to provide socilization and health information for toddlers and the elderly. Keywords: participation problems, community empowerment programs, planning participation, implementation participation, inhibiting factors for participation


2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-852
Author(s):  
Aparna Sodhi ◽  
Nathan Aguilar ◽  
Deanna E Choma ◽  
Jackie Marie Steve ◽  
Desmond Patton ◽  
...  

The perception of excessive use of force by law enforcement towards minorities has become an increasing focus of attention in the national media and public consciousness. With greater ability to record conflicts using smartphones and dissemination of videos via social media, the public may more readily judge the circumstances of law enforcement interactions. The purpose of this study was (a) to understand the general sentiment about law enforcement on social media among communities of color in Chicago, (b) to see if local or national incidents of police conflicts with people of color were mentioned, and (c) identify key themes within these social media posts. Publicly available social media posts were collected from four ethnically and socioeconomically diverse neighborhoods in Chicago. Using a five-person team and keyword searches, the posts were reviewed for content and abstracted if they pertained to law enforcement. They were then analyzed in stages of open, axial, and selective coding methods. Eight main themes were identified. These included the following: (a) law enforcement participation in the community, (b) law enforcement activity in the neighborhood, (c) posts regarding criminal activity, (d) immigration, (e) political protests against police, (f) African American men and law enforcement, (g) sympathy with Sandra Bland case, and (h) #Blacklivesmatter. There appears to be chasm of trust between law enforcement and communities of color. Our findings may help inform law enforcement, public policy-makers, and social workers in their efforts to better address these issues and to institute policies and interventions that not only bridge this gap but also strengthen and empower these communities.


Shock Waves ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Rigby ◽  
T. J. Lodge ◽  
S. Alotaibi ◽  
A. D. Barr ◽  
S. D. Clarke ◽  
...  

Abstract Rapid, accurate assessment of the yield of a large-scale urban explosion will assist in implementing emergency response plans, will facilitate better estimates of areas at risk of high damage and casualties, and will provide policy makers and the public with more accurate information about the event. On 4 August 2020, an explosion occurred in the Port of Beirut, Lebanon. Shortly afterwards, a number of videos were posted to social media showing the moment of detonation and propagation of the resulting blast wave. In this article, we present a method to rapidly calculate explosive yield based on analysis of 16 videos with a clear line-of-sight to the explosion. The time of arrival of the blast is estimated at 38 distinct positions, and the results are correlated with well-known empirical laws in order to estimate explosive yield. The best estimate and reasonable upper limit of the 2020 Beirut explosion determined from this method are 0.50 kt TNT and 1.12 kt TNT, respectively.


Author(s):  
Enrico Manfredini

Social media plays several important roles in medicine. Medical students are important and influential participants in the digital world because they are young, they dominate social network resources, and they have high engagement power. This letter presents some aspects about how medical students use their digital media abilities and knowledge to disseminate health information to patients and the public, and what are some limits and best practices for them on these platforms.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Mallidou ◽  
Dzifa Dordunoo ◽  
Elizabeth Borycki ◽  
Andre Kushniruk ◽  
Kirsten Sadeghi-Yekta ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Evidence-based health policy (EBHP) development is critical to the judicious use of public funds. EBHPs increase transparency, accountability, effectiveness, and efficiency of policies. Encouraging collaboration between researchers or knowledge producers and policy makers is important because both communities have distinct professional cultures, resulting in them working separately without understanding each other. Knowledge sharing is a complex process that requires understanding of cultural aspects that may reduce cultural differences and increase the use of common language. Health information technology (HIT) is a useful tool to increase knowledge translation, which may result in the transparent use of evidence and networking in developing EBHPs. Our vision is to leverage HIT tools for a better health system that includes digitalized, open source, evidence-based, and transparent ways for collaboration and development of robust mechanisms and for sharing of synthesized evidence with knowledge user–friendly forms. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to develop a conceptual framework on Knowledge translation and health Information Technology for Transparency (KhITT) in policy making and EBHPs (ie, the KhITT framework). The framework will be informed by the views of four key stakeholder groups (ie, policy makers, knowledge producers, HIT professionals, and the public) toward EBHP. The informants may also describe practices that demonstrate the EBHP development process and suggest technology platforms to enable this process. METHODS We propose an exploratory, descriptive qualitative study to take place in British Columbia, Canada, using in-depth semistructured interviews. To ensure data saturation and trustworthiness, we will use a nonprobability, purposive snowball sample of up to 15 eligible participants in each of the four stakeholder groups. We will analyze the data using content analysis. RESULTS The KhITT framework focuses on various stakeholders’ perspectives to better understand their perceived needs and priorities in identifying issues with EBHP, in order to make informed recommendations. Ethics approval has been obtained by the harmonized Behavioural Research Ethics Board at the University of British Columbia. We anticipate that we will complete data collection and analysis by December 2020. Preliminary results will be published in summer 2021. CONCLUSIONS Our ultimate goal of this study is to develop a conceptual framework and describe the technology platforms that would enable the EBHP process. We anticipate that our rigorous content analysis will be able to produce insights and themes that are able to address our objectives, contribute to an in-depth understanding of the EBHP process within British Columbia, highlight all influential factors, explicitly disseminate and communicate the study results, identify issues with EBHP and provide informed recommendations to address them, and enhance efforts toward transparent EBHPs. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT PRR1-10.2196/16268


10.2196/16268 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e16268
Author(s):  
Anastasia Mallidou ◽  
Dzifa Dordunoo ◽  
Elizabeth Borycki ◽  
Andre Kushniruk ◽  
Kirsten Sadeghi-Yekta ◽  
...  

Background Evidence-based health policy (EBHP) development is critical to the judicious use of public funds. EBHPs increase transparency, accountability, effectiveness, and efficiency of policies. Encouraging collaboration between researchers or knowledge producers and policy makers is important because both communities have distinct professional cultures, resulting in them working separately without understanding each other. Knowledge sharing is a complex process that requires understanding of cultural aspects that may reduce cultural differences and increase the use of common language. Health information technology (HIT) is a useful tool to increase knowledge translation, which may result in the transparent use of evidence and networking in developing EBHPs. Our vision is to leverage HIT tools for a better health system that includes digitalized, open source, evidence-based, and transparent ways for collaboration and development of robust mechanisms and for sharing of synthesized evidence with knowledge user–friendly forms. Objective The aim of this study is to develop a conceptual framework on Knowledge translation and health Information Technology for Transparency (KhITT) in policy making and EBHPs (ie, the KhITT framework). The framework will be informed by the views of four key stakeholder groups (ie, policy makers, knowledge producers, HIT professionals, and the public) toward EBHP. The informants may also describe practices that demonstrate the EBHP development process and suggest technology platforms to enable this process. Methods We propose an exploratory, descriptive qualitative study to take place in British Columbia, Canada, using in-depth semistructured interviews. To ensure data saturation and trustworthiness, we will use a nonprobability, purposive snowball sample of up to 15 eligible participants in each of the four stakeholder groups. We will analyze the data using content analysis. Results The KhITT framework focuses on various stakeholders’ perspectives to better understand their perceived needs and priorities in identifying issues with EBHP, in order to make informed recommendations. Ethics approval has been obtained by the harmonized Behavioural Research Ethics Board at the University of British Columbia. We anticipate that we will complete data collection and analysis by December 2020. Preliminary results will be published in summer 2021. Conclusions Our ultimate goal of this study is to develop a conceptual framework and describe the technology platforms that would enable the EBHP process. We anticipate that our rigorous content analysis will be able to produce insights and themes that are able to address our objectives, contribute to an in-depth understanding of the EBHP process within British Columbia, highlight all influential factors, explicitly disseminate and communicate the study results, identify issues with EBHP and provide informed recommendations to address them, and enhance efforts toward transparent EBHPs. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/16268


Author(s):  
Fifi Rachmawati Alfi'ah ◽  
Abdul Rahman ◽  
Okta Hadi Nurcahyono

The study objective is to examine the excessive consumption of jilbab fashion trends by university students. This research is a descriptive study with qualitative methods and determined informants using purposive sampling. The researchers use primary and secondary both data all were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. After the data were triangulated by sources and methods then we analyzed data using the simulakra theory of Jean P. Baudrillard to see the excessive consumption of jilbab fashion trends by students. The main results indicate that the growing jilbab fashion trends through social media have made student’s experience enjoy excessive consumeristic behavior for many years. Most female students imitate the public figures as their role models. They admire at female fashion models having full of signs and meanings hence they reproducing signs and meaning for their own interests. They become addicted to buying the latest hijab fashion products regardless of neither use it or sell it.  They keep uploading their own photos wearing most current fashion in Instagram. . It seems that they create an uncertainty either the use of fashionable jilbab recommended by religion or promoting them as commercial products in social media.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Odlum ◽  
Sunmoo Yoon

AbstractIntroductionFor effective public communication during major disease outbreaks like the 2014-2016 Ebola epidemic, health information needs of the population must be adequately assessed. Through content analysis of social media data, like tweets, public health information needs can be effectively assessed and in turn provide appropriate health information to effectively address such needs. The aim of the current study was to assess health information needs about Ebola, at distinct epidemic time points, through longitudinal tracking.MethodsNatural language processing was applied to explore public response to Ebola over time from the beginning of the outbreak (July 2014) to six month post outbreak (March 2015). A total 155,647 tweets (unique 68,736, retweet 86,911) mentioning Ebola were analyzed and visualized with infographics.ResultsPublic fear, frustration, and health information seeking regarding Ebola-related global priorities were observed across time. Our longitudinal content analysis revealed that due to ongoing health information deficiencies, resulting in fear and frustration, social media was at times an impediment and not a vehicle to support health information needs.DiscussionContent analysis of tweets effectively assessed Ebola information needs. Our study also demonstrates the use of Twitter as a method for capturing real-time data to assess ongoing information needs, fear, and frustration over time.All authors have seen and approved the manuscript.


2020 ◽  
pp. 659-676
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Villar ◽  
Elizabeth Marsh

Mass media is recognized in health communication as a gatekeeper, alerting the public to what is important with a focus on accuracy and relevancy. This is done through media framing, by which mass media sets the tone through which the public will view the message. Social media has emerged as a force in health communication with the same potential for media framing as mass media; however, with social media there is no formal gatekeeper. Looking at two major disease outbreaks, Ebola and Zika, this chapter examines the influence and effect of social media on health communication. The Zika outbreak in Miami was examined with social listening methods to determine both the effect of mass media on social media and of social media on the effectiveness of traditional health communication outlets to spread their message. The authors conclude that social media is both an asset and a liability during disease outbreaks, and its effect depends on audiences' cultural attitudes and trust toward authorities and the media.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weisi Liu ◽  
Xiaowei Ma

BACKGROUND As Internet use becomes increasingly widespread, mobile devices, such as mobile phones, have become the most important channel for many people to obtain information. The number of Chinese mobile phone users has reached 1.28 billion, with more than 90% of usersaccessing social media via the mobile application WeChat. As an increasinglyubiquitous app in China, WeChat had1.04 billion monthly active users worldwide by the first quarter of 2018.[1,2]A recent national survey in China found that one-third of participants regularly read health education articles on WeChat, and 98.53% of participants choose to useWeChat for health information seeking, indicatingthatWeChat is the most popularplatform for health information acquisition in China.[3]“Everyone is the media and everyone has a microphone” in theInternet era,and the rapiddevelopment of communications technologyhas playedan increasingly important role in information dissemination. WeChat is the most popular social media platform in China, and 93% of residents in major Chinese cities are reported to log into WeChatdaily. Social media platforms, particularly WeChat, arewidely utilized by health organizations, and are fast becoming the principal instruments of alternative communication channels fordelivering health messages, conducting disease surveillance, spreading health awareness, and communicatingabout public health issues to the public.WeChat has emerged as a powerful platform with several advantages compared with more traditional communication channels, and has proven to be a cost-effective tool for the dissemination of health messages, capable of reaching minority groupsto improve public health interventions. In recent years, there has been increasing public interest in searching for online health information related to health problems. Evidence from local studies has reportedthat members of thepublic perceive information provided online to be useful and reliable, a perception that leads many peopleto consult with health care practitioners about their health conditions directly through social media. Growing online health-seeking behaviors and the increasing numbers of non-authorized health websites or social media accounts sharingbiasedor inaccurate health information involvingconflicts of interest have made it necessary for health organizations to engage with internet users on social media in a strategic way.[4]To adapt to the reading habits of the public in the Internet era, various institutions have utilized the new forms of media as important channels for government propaganda and the provision of services. WeChat is a new form of media,utilizing mobile phones as terminals, enabling instantaneous and social communication. WeChat is an important platform for audiences to obtain government information. At present, the daily search volume of medical and health problems from online has reached 60 million. A report published by the Ministry of Science Popularization of the Chinese Association of Science and Technology and the Institute of Science Popularization of China titled“Big Data of Internet Popular Science Reading 2017”reported that the popular science articles read most often by citizensin 2017 werethose focused on health and medical treatment. [3] The Guangzhou Centerfor Disease Controland Prevention(GZCDC) i-Health is anofficial WeChat account operated by the GZCDC, officially opened in April 2018. The postspublished via this account are mainly original, focusing on health tips and popular science. Because of differences in functionality between WeChat and other social media platforms, such as Facebook and Twitter, similar studies of social media are not generalizable to WeChat. Thus,specific investigations of the effectiveness of WeChat for health promotion are important.In the current study, posts published between April 2018 and April 2019 were analyzed to understand the public demand for the official CDC WeChat account, and to provide scientific evidence toinform the development of better communication strategies. OBJECTIVE To analyze the datapublished by the official Guangzhou Centerfor Disease Controland Prevention (GZCDC) i-Health WeChat account and explore the factors influencing theeffectsoninformation dissemination, soasto improve the effectiveness of health information dissemination. METHODS Data were collected from the official Guangzhou i-Health WeChat account between 1 April 2018 and 30April 2019. Descriptive analysiswas performed for the basic information regarding the WeChat account and its posts. Multiple-factor logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between various factors of posts on engagementof followers, and the impact of the WeChat account was examined usingadjusted odds ratios (AOR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the variables. RESULTS Thetotal numbers of page views, shares, likes, adds to favorites, and comments for213 posts were 1147308, 84671, 10973, 5535 and 1865, respectively, from 187033followers.The engagement of followers peaked on the dissemination date and gradually declined. The main post topicswere health education posts and original posts, and 46.48% of 213posts were reposted by other official WeChat accounts.In a multiple-factor logistic regression model, the number of page viewswas found to be significantly associated withinfectious disease posts (AOR:3.20 95%CI: 1.16–8.81), original posts (AOR:10.20, 95%CI:1.17–89.28), and posts that could be judged from the title (AOR:2.93,95%CI:1.16–8.81). Vaccine-relatedevent posts (AOR:15.78, 95%CI:3.39–73.42), child and adolescent health posts (AOR:17.33, 95%CI:1.50–200.31), environmental health posts (AOR:7.94, 95%CI:1.90–33.21), chronic disease posts(AOR:4.05, 95%CI:1.18–13.45),nutrition and food-borne diseaseposts(AOR:3.91, 95%CI:1.25–12.20), infectious disease posts (AOR:3.86, 95%CI:1.36–10.98),original posts (AOR:10.22, 95%CI:1.06–98.85), posts focused on current events (AOR:3.04, 95%CI=1.36–6.76) and headline posts (AOR:5.48, 95%CI:1.14–26.41) were positively associated with being reposted by other official WeChat accounts. CONCLUSIONS Content is the most important factor in the effectiveness of official WeChat accounts at GZCDC institutions, and should be focused on health tips and popular science articles, while enhancing interactions with the public.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document