scholarly journals Correlations between facial expressivity and apathy in elderly people with Neurocognitive Disorders (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radia Zeghari ◽  
Alexandra König ◽  
Rachid Guerchouche ◽  
Garima Sharma ◽  
Jyoti Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Facial Movements ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Tablet Device ◽  
Facial Expressivity

BACKGROUND Neurocognitive disorders are often accompanied by behavioral symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and/or apathy. These symptoms can occur very early in the disease progression, and are often difficult to detect and quantify in non-specialized clinical settings. We focus in this study on apathy, one of the most common and debilitating neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurocognitive disorders. Specifically, we investigated whether facial expressivity extracted trough computer vision software correlates with the severity of apathy symptoms in elderly subjects with neurocognitive disorders. OBJECTIVE Specifically, we investigated whether facial expressivity extracted trough computer vision software correlates with the severity of apathy symptoms in elderly subjects with neurocognitive disorders. METHODS 63 subjects (38 females and 25 males) with neurocognitive disorder participated in the study. Apathy was assessed using the Apathy Inventory (AI), a scale which comprises three domains of apathy: loss of interest, loss of initiation and emotional blunting. The higher the scales score, the more severe the apathy symptoms. Participants were asked to recall a positive and a negative event of their life, while their voice and face were recorded through a tablet device. Action Units (AU), which are basic facial movements, were extracted using OpenFace 2.0. 17 AUs (intensity and presence) for each frame of the video were extracted in both positive and negative storytelling. Average intensity and frequency of AU activation were calculated for each participant in each video. Partial correlations (controlling for the level of depression and cognitive impairment) were performed between these indexes and AI subscales. RESULTS Results showed that AU intensity and frequency were negatively correlated with apathy scales scores, in particular with the emotional blunting component. The more severe the apathy symptoms, the less expressivity was displayed from participants while recalling an emotional event in specific emotional and non-emotional AUs. Different AUs showed significant correlations depending on gender of the participant and the task (positive vs negative story), suggesting the importance to assess independently male and female participants. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggest the interest of employing computer vision based facial analysis to quantify facial expressivity and assess the severity of apathy symptoms in subjects with Neurocognitive Disorders. This may thus represent a useful tool for a preliminary apathy assessment in non-specialized settings, and could be used to complement classical clinical scales. Future studies including larger samples should confirm the clinical relevance of this kind on instrument. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

scholarly journals Grasping Social Apathy: The Role of Reach-To-Grasp Action Kinematics for the Assessment of Social Apathy in Mild Neurocognitive Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Valeria Manera ◽  
Guenda Galperti ◽  
Erika Rovini ◽  
Radia Zeghari ◽  
Gianmaria Mancioppi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Reach To Grasp ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Reach And Grasp ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Individual Condition

Background: Social apathy, a reduction in initiative in proposing or engaging in social activities or interactions, is common in mild neurocognitive disorders (MND). Current apathy assessment relies on self-reports or clinical scales, but growing attention is devoted to defining more objective, measurable and non-invasive apathy proxies. Objective: In the present study we investigated the interest of recording action kinematics in a social reach-to-grasp task for the assessment of social apathy. Methods: Thirty participants took part in the study: 11 healthy controls (HC; 6 females, mean age = 68.3±10.5 years) and 19 subjects with MND (13 females, mean age = 75.7±6.3 years). Based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Apathy, MND subjects were classified as socially apathetic (A-MND, N = 9) versus non-apathetic (NA-MND, N = 10). SensRing, a ring-shaped wearable sensor, was placed on their index finger, and subjects were asked to reach and grasp a can to place it into a cup (individual condition) and pass it to a partner (social condition). Results: In the reach-to-grasp phase of the action, HC and NA-MND showed different acceleration and velocity profiles in the social versus individual condition. No differences were found for A-MND. Conclusion: Previous studies showed the interest of recording patients’ level of weekly motor activity for apathy assessment. Here we showed that a 10-min reach-to-grasp task may provide information to differentiate socially apathetic and non-apathetic subjects with MND, thus providing a tool easily usable in the clinical practice. Future studies with a bigger sample are needed to better characterize these findings.

scholarly journals Correlations between facial expressivity and apathy in elderly people with Neurocognitive Disorders: an exploratory study (Preprint)

10.2196/24727 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radia Zeghari ◽  
Alexandra König ◽  
Rachid Guerchouche ◽  
Garima Sharma ◽  
Jyoti Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Facial Expressivity

scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Mild Cognitive Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Gallagher ◽  
Corinne E. Fischer ◽  
Andrea Iaboni
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Prognostic Indicators ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Stages ◽  
Before And After

Objective: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) may be the first manifestation of an underlying neurocognitive disorder. We undertook a review to provide an update on the epidemiology and etiological mechanisms of NPS that occur in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and just before the onset of MCI. We discuss common clinical presentations and the implications for diagnosis and care. Method: The authors conducted a selective review of the literature regarding the emergence of NPS in late life, before and after the onset of MCI. We discuss recent publications that explore the epidemiology and etiological mechanisms of NPS in the earliest clinical stages of these disorders. Results: NPS have been reported in 35% to 85% of adults with MCI and also occur in advance of cognitive decline. The occurrence of NPS for the first time in later life should increase suspicion for an underlying neurocognitive disorder. The presenting symptom may provide a clue regarding the etiology of the underlying disorder, and the co-occurrence of NPS may herald a more accelerated cognitive decline. Conclusions: NPS are prevalent in the early clinical stages of neurocognitive disorders and can serve as both useful diagnostic and prognostic indicators. Recognition of NPS as early manifestations of neurocognitive disorders will become increasingly important as we move towards preventative strategies and disease-modifying treatments that may be most effective when deployed in the earliest stages of disease.

scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric symptoms in 921 elderly subjects with dementia: a comparison between vascular and neurodegenerative types

2008 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Caputo ◽  
R. Monastero ◽  
E. Mariani ◽  
A. Santucci ◽  
F. Mangialasche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Elderly Subjects

scholarly journals CNS and systemic inflammation underlying neuropsychiatric symptoms and related cognitive decline in older people.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Clark ◽  
Jonas Richiardi ◽  
Bénédicte Maréchal ◽  
Gene L. Bowman ◽  
Loïc Dayon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Reactive Protein

Abstract BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation may contribute to psychiatric symptoms in older people, in particular in the context of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, our objective was to determine systemic and central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory signatures associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older subjects, and investigate their relationships with AD pathology and cognitive decline.METHODS We quantified a panel of inflammatory markers in both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and circulating blood serum in elderly subjects with normal cognition or with beginning cognitive decline. We further performed a comprehensive clinical assessment including longitudinal cognitive and neuropsychiatric evaluations and measured CSF biomarkers of core AD pathology. Multivariate analysis selected CSF and serum neuroinflammatory molecules associated with the presence of overall NPS and specific symptoms.RESULTS The presence of NPS was associated with distinct inflammatory markers profiles involving soluble intracellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin (IL) -8 and 10 kDa interferon-γ-induced protein (IP-10) in CSF; and Eotaxin-3, IL-6 and CRP in serum. Further analysis identified specific inflammatory marker signatures associated with anxiety, depression and disinhibition. Presenting NPS was associated with subsequent cognitive decline and this association was mediated by CSF sICAM-1.CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that NPS in older people are associated with distinct systemic and CNS inflammatory processes. Neuroinflammation may explain the link between NPS and more rapid clinical disease progression.

scholarly journals 53 Computer Vision, Facial Expressivity and Schizophrenia: A Review

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Mina Boazak ◽  
Robert Cotes
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Facial Action Coding System ◽  
Action Unit ◽  
Facial Action ◽  
The Past ◽  
Facial Expressivity ◽  
Facial Action Coding

AbstractIntroductionFacial expressivity in schizophrenia has been a topic of clinical interest for the past century. Besides the schizophrenia sufferers difficulty decoding the facial expressions of others, they often have difficulty encoding facial expressions. Traditionally, evaluations of facial expressions have been conducted by trained human observers using the facial action coding system. The process was slow and subject to intra and inter-observer variability. In the past decade the traditional facial action coding system developed by Ekman has been adapted for use in affective computing. Here we assess the applications of this adaptation for schizophrenia, the findings of current groups, and the future role of this technology.Materials and MethodsWe review the applications of computer vision technology in schizophrenia using pubmed and google scholar search criteria of “computer vision” AND “Schizophrenia” from January of 2010 to June of 2018.ResultsFive articles were selected for inclusion representing 1 case series and 4 case-control analysis. Authors assessed variations in facial action unit presence, intensity, various measures of length of activation, action unit clustering, congruence, and appropriateness. Findings point to variations in each of these areas, except action unit appropriateness, between control and schizophrenia patients. Computer vision techniques were also demonstrated to have high accuracy in classifying schizophrenia from control patients, reaching an AUC just under 0.9 in one study, and to predict psychometric scores, reaching pearson’s correlation values of under 0.7.DiscussionOur review of the literature demonstrates agreement in findings of traditional and contemporary assessment techniques of facial expressivity in schizophrenia. Our findings also demonstrate that current computer vision techniques have achieved capacity to differentiate schizophrenia from control populations and to predict psychometric scores. Nevertheless, the predictive accuracy of these technologies leaves room for growth. On analysis our group found two modifiable areas that may contribute to improving algorithm accuracy: assessment protocol and feature inclusion. Based on our review we recommend assessment of facial expressivity during a period of silence in addition to an assessment during a clinically structured interview utilizing emotionally evocative questions. Furthermore, where underfit is a problem we recommend progressive inclusion of features including action unit activation, intensity, action unit rate of onset and offset, clustering (including richness, distribution, and typicality), and congruence. Inclusion of each of these features may improve algorithm predictive accuracy.ConclusionWe review current applications of computer vision in the assessment of facial expressions in schizophrenia. We present the results of current innovative works in the field and discuss areas for continued development.

The Relationship between the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised and the MMPI–2: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita L. Hansen ◽  
Lisa Stokkeland ◽  
Ståle Pallesen ◽  
Bjørn Helge Johnsen ◽  
Leif Waage
Keyword(s):  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist ◽  
Psychopathy Checklist Revised ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Psychopathic Deviate Scale ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male Prisoners

The goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between Hare's four-facet model of psychopathy and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI–2) in a forensic, culturally homogenous sample. 22 male prisoners from Bergen Prison participated. There was only a statistically significant negative zero-order correlation between the total PCL–R score and the score on the Depression scale of the MMPI–2. However, the results revealed that the four facets had different underlying correlates with negative affectivity. Overall, Facets 1 and 2 showed a tendency toward a negative relationship with the clinical scales on the MMPI–2, while Facets 3 and 4 had a positive relationship. Interestingly, partial correlations showed that Facet 4 of PCL–R was the only facet that correlated statistically significantly with the scores on the Psychopathic Deviate scale of the MMPI–2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document