scholarly journals The Pediatric Respiratory and Enteric Virus Acquisition and Immunogenesis Longitudinal (PREVAIL) Cohort of U.S. mothers and their children 0-2 years: Methods (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardythe Morrow ◽  
Mary Staat ◽  
Emily DeFranco ◽  
Monica McNeal ◽  
Allison Cline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
The United States ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Vaccine Recommendations ◽  
History Of

UNSTRUCTURED Background: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and acute respiratory infections (ARI) cause significant pediatric morbidity and mortality. Developing childhood vaccines for norovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and optimizing current vaccines for rotavirus and influenza should be guided by birth cohort data that defines the natural history of infection and acquired immune response. Since the U.S. currently lacks contemporary birth cohort data needed for such recommendations, the PREVAIL Cohort study was initiated in Cincinnati, Ohio for this purpose. Methods: Mothers were enrolled in their third trimester of pregnancy, with intensive child follow-up to 2 years. Blood samples were obtained from children at six time points: Birth (cord), 6 weeks, and 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. Whole stool specimens and mid-turbinate nasal swabs were collected weekly and tested by multi-pathogen molecular assays. Saliva, meconium, maternal blood and milk samples were also collected. AGE (>3 loose or watery stools or >1 vomiting episode within 24 hours) and ARI (cough or fever) cases were documented by weekly cell phone surveys to mothers via automated text messaging and review of medical records. Immunization records were obtained from registries and providers. Infection for a pathogen was defined by a PCR-positive stool or nasal swab or rise in serum antibody. Enrollment of 245 mother-child pairs was completed in 2018. Follow-up of study children ends in August 2020. Results: Study participants were 52% white, 43% black, 56% publicly insured. Breastfeeding initiation was 86%. As of March 2020, study children were all >18 months of age and contributed 398 child-years of follow-up. Among the 193 (79%) children remaining under follow-up, median compliance was 95% for weekly text surveys; 74% for weekly samples; and 92% for post-natal blood sample collections. Blood collection was 100% for mothers and 83% for umbilical cord. By maternal report, there were 1.5 AGE and 4.3 ARI cases/child-year. Conclusions: This interim report demonstrates that the PREVAIL Cohort provides intensive mother-child follow-up to document the natural history of enteric and respiratory infections and immunity in children 0-2 years of age in the United States, and will contribute unique data to guide vaccine recommendations. Pathogen testing is ongoing.

Natural history of helicobacter pylori infection from infancy to adulthood: A 21-year follow-up cohort study

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A128-A128 ◽  
Author(s):  
H MALATY ◽  
D GRAHAM ◽  
A ELKASABANY ◽  
S REDDY ◽  
S SRINIVASAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
History Of

The natural history of pituitary apoplexy: long term follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Shaikh ◽  
Natasha Shrikrishnapalasuriyar ◽  
Giselle Sharaf ◽  
David Price ◽  
Maneesh Udiawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Pituitary Apoplexy ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
History Of

The natural history of benign thyroid nodules: 10 years follow-up

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Ramundo ◽  
Giorgio Grani ◽  
Rocco Bruno ◽  
Giuseppe Costante ◽  
Domenico Meringolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
History Of ◽  
Benign Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Benign Thyroid

Unruptured intracranial aneurysms in children: 18 years’ experience in a tertiary care pediatric institution

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel-Alexandre Bisson ◽  
Peter Dirks ◽  
Afsaneh Amirabadi ◽  
Manohar M. Shroff ◽  
Timo Krings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Internal Carotid Artery ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mean Size

OBJECTIVEThere are little data in the literature on the characteristics and natural history of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in children. The authors analyzed their experience with unruptured intracranial aneurysms in the pediatric population at their tertiary care pediatric institution over the last 18 years. The first objective was to assess the imaging characteristics and natural history of these aneurysms in order to help guide management strategies in the future. A second objective was to evaluate the frequency of an underlying condition when an incidental intracranial aneurysm was detected in a child.METHODSThe authors conducted a Research Ethics Board–approved retrospective review of incidental intracranial aneurysms in patients younger than 18 years of age who had been treated at their institution in the period from 1998 to 2016. Clinical (age, sex, syndrome) and radiological (aneurysm location, type, size, thrombus, mass effect) data were recorded. Follow-up imaging was assessed for temporal changes.RESULTSSixty intracranial aneurysms occurred in 51 patients (36 males, 15 females) with a mean age of 10.5 ± 0.5 years (range 9 months–17 years). Forty-five patients (88.2%) had a single aneurysm, while 2 and 3 aneurysms were found in 3 patients each (5.8%). Syndromic association was found in 22 patients (43.1%), most frequently sickle cell disease (10/22 [45.5%]). Aneurysms were saccular in 43 cases (71.7%; mean size 5.0 ± 5.7 mm) and fusiform in the remaining 17 (28.3%; mean size 6.5 ± 2.7 mm). Thirty-one aneurysms (51.7%) arose from the internal carotid artery (right/left 1.4), most commonly in the cavernous segment (10/31 [32.3%]). Mean size change over the entire follow-up of 109 patient-years was a decrease of 0.6 ± 4.2 mm (range −30.0 to +4.0 mm, rate −0.12 ± 9.9 mm/yr). Interval growth (2.0 ± 1.0 mm) was seen in 8 aneurysms (13.3%; 4 saccular, 4 fusiform). An interval decrease in size (8.3 ± 10.7 mm) was seen in 6 aneurysms (10%). There was an inverse relationship between aneurysm size and growth rate (r = −0.82, p < 0.00001). One aneurysm was treated endovascularly with internal carotid artery sacrifice.CONCLUSIONSUnruptured pediatric intracranial aneurysms are most frequently single but can occur in multiples in a syndromic setting. None of the cases from the study period showed clinical or imaging signs of rupture. Growth over time, although unusual and slow, can occur in a proportion of these patients, who should be identified for short-term imaging surveillance.

scholarly journals Natural History and Evolution of Anti-Interferon-γ Autoantibody-Associated Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Thailand and the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria H Hong ◽  
Ana M Ortega-Villa ◽  
Sally Hunsberger ◽  
Ploenchan Chetchotisakd ◽  
Siriluck Anunnatsiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Background The natural history of anti-interferon-γ (IFN-γ) autoantibody-associated immunodeficiency syndrome is not well understood. Methods Data of 74 patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies at Srinagarind Hospital, Thailand, were collected annually (median follow-up duration, 7.5 years). Annual data for 19 patients and initial data for 4 patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies at the US National Institutes of Health were collected (median follow-up duration, 4.5 years). Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody levels were measured in plasma samples. Results Ninety-one percent of US patients were of Southeast Asian descent; there was a stronger female predominance (91%) in US than Thai (64%) patients. Mycobacterium abscessus (34%) and Mycobacterium avium complex (83%) were the most common nontuberculous mycobacteria in Thailand and the United States, respectively. Skin infections were more common in Thailand (P = .001), whereas bone (P &lt; .0001), lung (P = .002), and central nervous system (P = .03) infections were more common in the United States. Twenty-four percent of Thai patients died, most from infections. None of the 19 US patients with follow-up data died. Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody levels decreased over time in Thailand (P &lt; .001) and the United States (P = .017), with either cyclophosphamide (P = .01) or rituximab therapy (P = .001). Conclusions Patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies in Thailand and the United States had distinct demographic and clinical features. While titers generally decreased with time, anti-IFN-γ autoantibody disease had a chronic clinical course with persistent infections and death. Close long-term surveillance for new infections is recommended.

scholarly journals The spontaneous resolution of a vortex vein varix: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L Weidmayer ◽  
Hakan Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Spontaneous Resolution ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Clinical Resolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vortex Vein ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background The natural course of a vortex vein varix, though not well understood, has been known to remain stable. However, here we report a novel case of a vortex vein varix that resolved after an extended period of monitoring. Case presentation An asymptomatic 96-year-old Caucasian man was found to have a vortex vein varix. At his previous examination 13 months prior, his fundus was normal. At 13 months of observation, his vortex vein varix become clinically undetectable. Further follow-up confirmed continued absence of the varix. Conclusion This case demonstrates the development then clinical resolution of a vortex vein varix with no clear identifiable factors for its evolution. This case is novel and offers new insight into the natural history of some vortex vein varices, implicating venous congestion as an instigator and venous collateralization as its alleviator, suggesting that vortex vein varices are likely more common than previously reported since some may be temporary and under-identified.

scholarly journals S19 The impact of clotting abnormalities on the natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: an extended follow up of a population based cohort

Thorax ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A13.1-A13
Author(s):  
V Navaratnam ◽  
AW Fogarty ◽  
T McKeever ◽  
N Thompson ◽  
G Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Congenital Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis: Clinical Characterization and Natural History of Four Unrelated Affected Individuals

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 694-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Lúcia Gil-da-Silva-Lopes ◽  
Daniela Varela Luquetti
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Joint Ankylosis

The objective of this study was to describe four unrelated patients affected by congenital temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Clinical delineation, natural history, and possible etiologies are discussed. Clinical aspects that are important for follow-up are outlined.

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