YouTube as an information source during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: Evaluation of the Turkish and English content (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ömer Ataç ◽  
Yunus Can Ozalp ◽  
Rifat Kurnaz ◽  
Osman Murat Guler ◽  
Meliksah Inamlik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
Power Index ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Peer Review System ◽  
Review System ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Online Source ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Source Of Information

BACKGROUND YouTube is an important online source of information. And its viewing numbers tend to increase exponentially in extraordinary situations. OBJECTIVE Our aim in this study was to evaluate the contents of the most frequently viewed YouTube videos during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this study, contents of the most frequently viewed Turkish and English videos regarding COVID-19 pandemics are examined and scored with modified DISCERN, MICI and VPI. RESULTS The mean DISCERN score of Turkish videos is similar to English videos (2.55 and 2.43 respectively). Total MICI score tends to be higher in Turkish videos. 86.9% of all 168 videos and 65.2% of all 23 misleading videos were released by news channels. Average view counts, view ratios, and VPIs of misleading videos are higher than the useful videos. CONCLUSIONS Since there is not a peer-review system on YouTube, it is very important for the content of videos that are released through news channels to be accurate because the important messages can be spread among people in society through them. Especially some Turkish videos included many different rumors and faulty statements. During the extraordinary situations such as the pandemics, the videos of official health authorities and international institutions should be more visible in YouTube. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, DISCERN, MICI, Video Power Index

scholarly journals YouTube as an information source during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: Evaluation of the Turkish and English content

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ömer Ataç ◽  
Yunus Can Özalp ◽  
Rifat Kurnaz ◽  
Osman Murat Güler ◽  
Melikşah İnamlık ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Peer Review System ◽  
Review System ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Online Source ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Source Of Information

AbstractBakcgroundYouTube is an important online source of information. And its viewing numbers tend to increase exponentially in extraordinary situations. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the contents of the most frequently viewed YouTube videos during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsIn this study, contents of the most frequently viewed Turkish and English videos regarding COVID-19 pandemics are examined and scored with modified DISCERN, MICI and VPI.ResultsThe mean DISCERN score of Turkish videos is similar to English videos (2.55±1.40 and 2.43±1.25 respectively). Total MICI score tends to be higher in Turkish videos. 86.9% of all 168 videos and 65.2% of all 23 misleading videos were released by news channels. Average view counts, view ratios, and VPIs of misleading videos are higher than the useful videos.DiscussionSince there is not a peer-review system on YouTube, it is very important for the content of videos that are released through news channels to be accurate because the important messages can be spread among people in society through them. Especially some Turkish videos included many different rumors and faulty statements. During the extraordinary situations such as the pandemics, the videos of official health authorities and international institutions should be more visible in YouTube.

ARE YOUTUBE VIDEOS QUALIFIED AND RELIABLE AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION FOR MENTAL HEALTH DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN TURKEY?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Saliha Bozdoğan Yeşilot ◽  
Ayşe İnel Manav ◽  
Hatice Çiftçi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Quality Scale ◽  
News Agencies ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Turkish Language ◽  
Source Of Information

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the quality, reliability, and comprehensiveness of content for YouTube videos in the Turkish language as a source of information for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: "Coronavirus Mental Health" was searched as a subject in the YouTube channel in the Turkish language on April 11th, 2020. The first 100 videos were taken into consideration. Two independent reviewers classified videos as useful or misleading. The inter-observer agreement was evaluated with the kappa coefficient. Modified DISCERN index for reliability and Global Quality Scale for quality were used. The content was evaluated with a checklist developed by the researchers. Results: The mean number of views was 1442.42±3042.49 for useful videos and 1044±1471.83 for misleading videos. The mean Global Quality Scale was 2.68±0.96 for useful videos and 1±0 for misleading videos. The mean DISCERN score was 2.8±1.09, 2.72±0.75, and 3.12±0.66 for shared by independent/professional users, government/news agencies, and universities/professional organizations respectively. Conclusions: The quality and reliability level of mental health videos in the Turkish language for the COVID-19 pandemic were found out moderate. Moreover, the comprehensiveness of the contents didn’t include enough detailed information in regards to protecting mental health.

Is YouTube Portuguese videos useful as a source of information on diabetes foot care? (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Silva ◽  
Marileila Marques Toledo ◽  
Jéssica Samara Oliveira Tolomeu ◽  
Gabriela De Araújo Nominato ◽  
Ana Paula Nogueira Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Video Source ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Source Of Information

BACKGROUND Studies have been assessed the importance of YouTube as a source of information for some health conditions, diseases or procedures. However, this platform provides an ever-growing, unregulated source, and some of their information may cause health risks to patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of Brazilian YouTube videos as a source of useful in-formation about diabetes foot care. METHODS The website www.youtube.com was searched on November 30, 2016, for the term “diabetes foot care” in Brazilian Portuguese to assess their usefulness as an information source. The videos were categorized as very useful, moderately useful, somewhat useful, and not useful. The video sources were categorized into 4 groups: organizational, professional, personal and advertisement. Ethics ap-proval was not required and descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables. RESULTS Our search resulted in 8.080 videos, of which 200 were reviewed, and 159 videos uploaded on YouTube between 2008 and 2016 were analysed. Videos were categorized as very useful (6.29%), moderately useful (16.35%), somewhat useful (24.35%), and not useful (52.83%). The video source revealed the following classification: organizational, n = 76; professional, n = 11; personal, n= 46; and advertisement, n = 26. CONCLUSIONS YouTube's Brazilian videos on diabetic foot care are popular, with varied sources and content. However, most of their content is not useful. Therefore, YouTube videos in Portuguese cannot be considered a good source of information about diabetes foot care.

Are YouTube videos qualified and reliable as a source of information for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey? (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saliha Bozdogan Yesilot ◽  
Ayse Inel Manav ◽  
Hatice Ciftci
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Quality Scale ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Quality And Reliability ◽  
Turkish Language ◽  
Source Of Information

BACKGROUND Online Health Information has become more important in terms of Pandemic. YouTube is an online platform that people broadly use as a search tool for health information. The quality and reliability of YouTube videos containing health information range from low to high according to literature. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the quality, reliability, and comprehensiveness of contents for YouTube videos in the Turkish language as a source of information for mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This was a descriptive study. "Coronavirus Mental Health" was searched as a subject on the YouTube channel in the Turkish language on April 11th, 2020. The first 100 videos were taken into consideration. Two independent reviewers classified videos as useful or misleading. The inter-observer agreement was evaluated with the kappa coefficient. Modified DISCERN index for reliability and Global Quality Scale for quality were used. The content was evaluated with a checklist developed by the researchers. RESULTS The mean number of views was 1442.42±3042.49 for useful videos and 1044±1471.83 for misleading videos. The mean Global Quality Scale was 2.68±0.96 for useful videos and 1±0 for misleading videos. The mean DISCERN score was 2.8±1.09, 2.72±0.75, and 3.12±0.66 for shared by independent/professional users, government/news agencies, and universities/professional organizations respectively. CONCLUSIONS The quality and reliability level of mental health videos in the Turkish language for the COVID-19 pandemic was found out moderate. Moreover, the comprehensiveness of contents didn’t include enough detailed information in regards to protecting mental health. CLINICALTRIAL NA

scholarly journals Selecting an Effective Entropy Estimator for Short Sequences of Bits and Bytes with Maximum Entropy

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Lianet Contreras Rodríguez ◽  
Evaristo José Madarro-Capó  ◽  
Carlos Miguel Legón-Pérez  ◽  
Omar Rojas ◽  
Guillermo Sosa-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Discrete Source ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Entropy Estimator ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Security Standards ◽  
Source Of Information

Entropy makes it possible to measure the uncertainty about an information source from the distribution of its output symbols. It is known that the maximum Shannon’s entropy of a discrete source of information is reached when its symbols follow a Uniform distribution. In cryptography, these sources have great applications since they allow for the highest security standards to be reached. In this work, the most effective estimator is selected to estimate entropy in short samples of bytes and bits with maximum entropy. For this, 18 estimators were compared. Results concerning the comparisons published in the literature between these estimators are discussed. The most suitable estimator is determined experimentally, based on its bias, the mean square error short samples of bytes and bits.

YouTube as a source of information on echocardiography: content and quality analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan AYDIN ◽  
Emre YILMAZ 2nd
Keyword(s):  
Power Index ◽  
Quality Score ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Video Sharing ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND YouTube, which is increasingly reachable to users every day, is becoming an easily accessible and increasingly popular source of information on health-related issues. OBJECTIVE Our study evaluated the scientific content and quality of echocardiography videos in English. METHODS For this study,583 videos identified as a result of a YouTube search made using the keyword “echocardiography” in July 2020 were evaluated. Moreover, 92 videos were included in the study following the evaluation of the exclusion criteria. Both video quality and scientific content were evaluated based on the discern score (DS), global quality score (GQS), content score (CS), and the total quality score (TQS) calculated by adding the scores of these three scoring systems. RESULTS Themean video duration of the videos included in the study was as 617 ± 708 s. Themean number of views was 94779 ± 181102, the number of upload days was 1859 ± 1223 days, the number of likes was 455 ± 793, and the number of dislikes was 22 ± 49. While the mean power index value of the videos was 1553812 ± 6004888, the popularity score was 46 ± 73. The mean DS was 3.4 ± 1, GQS was 3.7 ± 0.9, CS was 2.4 ± 1.1 and TQS was 9.67 ± 2.63. The study videos were analyzed in three groups based on TQS data. Group 1 (TQS: 5-7) comprised24 (26.08%) videos, Group 2 (TQS: 8-11) comprised43 (46.73%) videos, and Group 3 (TQS: 12-14) comprised 25 (27.17%) videos. Views, video duration, power index and popularity data were significantly higher in Group 3. Upload day was statistically significantly higher in Group 1. CONCLUSIONS These results support the fact that the YouTube video sharing site is an important tool for easily sharing health-related information and disseminating it to large audiences. It can be concluded that the increasing interest in videos with scientific content and high quality scores indicates that the YouTube video sharing site provides accurate and quality information for echocardiography. Although the number of shared videos with high quality tends to increase day by day, professional users in the field of health should be encouraged to share videos with academic publication quality more frequently.

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