scholarly journals Interrelationship between Interpersonal Interaction Intensity and Health Self-Efficacy in People with Diabetes or Prediabetes on an Online Diabetes Social Platform: An In-Depth Survey in China (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihong Chen ◽  
Chaochuang Zhang ◽  
Chaochuang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Online Participation ◽  
Online Health Communities ◽  
Group Information ◽  
Health Communities ◽  
Patient Guidance

BACKGROUND - TBC OBJECTIVE The peer interaction–based online model has been influential in the recent development of diabetes management. This model “extends and innovates” the traditional mode of doctor–patient guidance, transforming it into a mode in which both doctor–patient guidance and patient–patient interaction coexist; this new mode has the added advantage of offering “extended continual intervention.” This study contributes to research on diabetes management models by investigating how patients with diabetes or prediabetes in China interact in online health communities, focusing on the interrelationship between self-efficacy characteristics and online participation during patient–patient interactions. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, participants with diabetes of all severities completed an electronic questionnaire, which was formulated with a revised classical scale. The questionnaire was disseminated through diabetes online health communities. Its content covered the respondent’s general condition, self-evaluation of their self-efficacy, and participation in online health communities, specifically with respect to factors such as the time spent each day consuming information online, the number of groups joined, and the extent of interaction in diabetes online health communities. The main observation indicators were the participants’ self-efficacy, their extent of online participation, and the characteristics of online health communities. Descriptive statistics, chi-square testing, linear trend estimation, and ordinal logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between the three indicators. RESULTS The self-efficacy scores (x̅ ± s) were 51.9 ± 9.12, and 59.1% of interviewed participants had self-efficacy scores greater than the mean. Overall, most participants (87.2%) considered online diabetes social platforms to be helpful. Groups differed with respect to interaction mode, which indicated that people with high self-efficacy tend to employ various modes of interaction. Participants with high self-efficacy were also more likely to be married (p < 0.05) and tended to spend more time paying attention to group information (p < 0.05), spend more time viewing group information (p < 0.05), and have a greater degree of interaction with group members (p < 0.05). Informationsources for the different grades of participants was primarily obtained from social media. CONCLUSIONS Among people with diabetes, the frequency and intensity of online interaction positively affect self-efficacy and, by implication, diabetes self-management. However, the design of online health communities has room for improvement, specifically with respect to the provision of information that patients require. As an interesting side note, among people with diabetes or prediabetes, those who were married, those who paid more attention to group information, and those who actively participated in interactions tended to have relatively high self-efficacy. The results suggest that people with diabetes have higher-quality self-care when they engage in online health community interactions; such benefits cannot be obtained from treatment in a hospital. In general, enhanced self-efficacy in people with diabetes enables them to more readily acquire diabetes-related knowledge. Therefore, online health communities are an important supplement to the clinical treatment of diabetes mellitus, and clinicians can take advantage of the educational function of online diabetes groups in their provision of tailored diabetes interventions. Such a use of online diabetes groups can strengthen diabetes self-management. CLINICALTRIAL none

scholarly journals Interrelationship between Interpersonal Interaction Intensity and Health Self-Efficacy in People with Diabetes or Prediabetes on Online Diabetes Social Platforms: An In-Depth Survey in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5375
Author(s):  
Zhihong Chen ◽  
Chaochuang Zhang ◽  
Guanhua Fan
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Online Interaction ◽  
Online Health Communities ◽  
Group Information ◽  
Health Communities ◽  
Patient Guidance

Objective: The peer interaction–based online model has been influential in the recent development of diabetes management. This model “extends and innovates” the traditional mode of doctor–patient guidance, transforming it into a mode in which both doctor–patient guidance and patient–patient interaction coexist; this new mode has the added advantage of offering “extended continual intervention.” This study contributes to research on extending diabetes management models by investigating how patients with diabetes or prediabetes interact in online health communities, focusing on the interrelationship between self-efficacy characteristics and online participation during patient–patient interactions. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants with diabetes of various severities completed an electronic questionnaire, which was formulated with a revised classical scale. The questionnaire was disseminated through diabetes online health communities. Its content covered the respondent’s general condition, self-evaluation of their self-efficacy, and participation in online health communities, specifically with respect to factors such as the time spent in online information each day, the number of groups joined, and the extent of interaction in diabetes online health communities, etc. The main observation indicators were the participants’ self-efficacy, their extent of online participation, and the characteristics of online health communities. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, linear trend estimation, and ordinal logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between the three indicators. Results: The self-efficacy scores ( x ¯ ± s) were 51.9 ± 9.12, and 59.1% of interviewed participants had self-efficacy scores greater than the mean. Overall, most participants (96%) considered online diabetes social platforms to be helpful. Groups differed with respect to interaction mode, which indicated that people with high self-efficacy tend to employ various modes of interaction. Participants with high self-efficacy were also more likely to live in cities (p < 0.05) and be married (p < 0.05) and tended to spend more time paying attention to group information (p < 0.05), spend more time viewing group information (p < 0.05), and have a greater degree of interaction with group members (p < 0.05). Information sources for the different grades of participants was primarily obtained from social media. Conclusion: Among people with diabetes, the frequency and intensity of online interaction might positively affect self-efficacy and, by implication, diabetes self-management. Diabetics with high self-efficacy also tend to have positive online interaction and adopt different ways of interaction. In addition, the diabetes information sources of the respondents mainly come from social networks, most of the respondents think that online social networking sites have a positive impact on diabetes self-management, which shows that social network plays an important role in diabetes information source of diabetics. However, the design of online health communities has room for improvement, specifically with respect to the provision of information that patients require. As an interesting side note, among people with diabetes or prediabetes, those who lived in urban area and were married, those who paid more attention to group information, and those who actively participated in interactions tended to have relatively high self-efficacy. The results suggest that people with diabetes have higher-quality self-care when they engage in online health community interactions; such benefits cannot be obtained from treatment in a hospital. In general, enhanced self-efficacy in people with diabetes enables them to more readily acquire diabetes-related knowledge. Online interaction with diabetics, who has the same experience, can not only get more information, but also have a sense of identity and belonging, which enhances self-efficacy and further urges them to actively participate in online interaction. Therefore, online health communities are an important supplement to the clinical treatment of diabetes mellitus and clinicians can take advantage of the educational function of online diabetes groups in their provision of tailored diabetes interventions and take into account the factors that affect the self-efficacy of diabetics (including the frequency and intensity of online interaction, age, marital status, residential area, etc.), to provide tailored diabetes interventions for diabetics. Such a use of online diabetes groups can strengthen diabetes self-management.

scholarly journals Improving Diabetes Management in Emerging Adulthood: An Intervention Development Study Using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Idalski Carcone ◽  
Deborah A Ellis ◽  
Susan Eggly ◽  
Karen E MacDonell ◽  
Samiran Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Design ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Diabetes Outcomes ◽  
Multiphase Optimization Strategy ◽  
Older Adolescents

BACKGROUND Poor diabetes self-management in emerging adulthood (age 18-25 years) is associated with poorer diabetes health and diabetes complications. Emerging adults’ focus on individuation and independence underlies their poor diabetes outcomes, offering a lever for behavior change. Self-determination theory (SDT) suggests that interventions leveraging emerging adults’ innate developmental need for autonomy may offer a route to improving diabetes outcomes by increasing feelings of responsibility for and control over diabetes self-management activities. OBJECTIVE This research project will use the multiphase optimization strategy to test the efficacy of three autonomy-supportive intervention components to elicit a clinically significant improvement in metabolic control, assessed by a 0.5% improvement in hemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> (HbA<sub>1c</sub>), among older adolescents and emerging adults (16-25 years) with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes (T1D; HbA<sub>1c</sub>≥9.0%). METHODS A question prompt list (QPL) is a tool to empower patients to assume a more active role during medical visits by asking questions and stating concerns. The motivation enhancement system (MES) is a brief counseling intervention that uses motivational interviewing communication strategies to build intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy for self-management. Text message reminders to complete diabetes care tasks may increase self-efficacy for diabetes self-management. After refining these intervention components for emerging adults, we will conduct a component selection experiment using an eight-arm full factorial design: 2 (QPL yes or no)×2 (MES yes or no)×2 (Text yes or no). Participants will complete 3 study visits: baseline, treatment end at 2 months, and a follow-up at 6 months. The primary outcome is metabolic control, which will be measured via HbA<sub>1c</sub>. Secondary outcomes include diabetes management and diabetes clinic attendance. SDT constructs of intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy, and the quality of the patient-provider relationship (ie, relatedness) are hypothesized mediators. Depression symptoms and emerging adults’ gender are hypothesized moderators. We will use the mixed-effects linear model for the analysis of variance of a factorial design to analyze continuous longitudinal experimental data; the generalized linear model will be used with categorical outcomes (eg, treatment attendance). The experiment was powered to detect the main effects of the intervention on the primary outcome. RESULTS A total of 20 participants have enrolled and completed a qualitative interview after reviewing one or more intervention components. Analysis of interview data are underway, with a report of these results anticipated in the fall of 2020. The clinical trial will be launched in the fall 2020, with participants enrolled through May 2023 and data collection continuing through November 2023. CONCLUSIONS At the end of this experiment, we will have empirical evidence to support a large-scale, multisite effectiveness trial of an intervention package that has been optimized for older adolescents and emerging adults with poorly controlled T1D. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04066959; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04066959 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/20191

scholarly journals The Effect of Self-Efficacy in Self-Management on Diabetes Distress in Young People with Type 2 Diabetes

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1736
Author(s):  
Pao-Yu Lin ◽  
Tzu-Ying Lee ◽  
Chieh-Yu Liu ◽  
Yann-Jinn Lee
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Young People ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetes Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Illness

To understand the relationship among glycemic control, self-efficacy in diabetes management, and diabetes distress in young people with type 2 diabetes, a cross-sectional descriptive study with convenience sampling was designed. A total of 60 young people who had type 2 diabetes (T2D), with 24 (40%) males and 36 (60%) females were included. The mean age was 17.2 and ranged from 10.5 to 24.5 years, and they completed a Perceived Diabetes Self-Management Scale, the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale and their pharmacologic management and life adjustment. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was routinely drawn before the outpatient visit. HbA1c and diabetic distress were positively correlated. Self-efficacy was negatively correlated with HbA1c and diabetic distress. In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, only the duration of illness and self-efficacy remained significant in the final model. The variance for the overall model was 64%, with self-efficacy alone explaining 30% of the variance. In addition, 31.6% of participants had extremely high levels of psychological distress. Conclusions: T2D is an early onset chronic disease, and the young people may have had other health problems, which made the diabetes management a complex process. Nursing staff should regularly assess both the confidence and ability to manage treatment regimen of young people with type 2 diabetes and their psychological distress.

The Power of Peers: Applying User-Generated Content to Health Behaviors “Off-Line”

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (13) ◽  
pp. 2081-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Willis
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Online Health Communities ◽  
Shared Content ◽  
Health Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Communities

Many patients seek and share information online regarding health, especially those diagnosed with chronic disease. The social cognitive theory is used as the theoretical framework for analyzing how members learn within online health communities. This study conducted in-depth interviews with members from online health communities related to arthritis to understand their motivation for participating in the community and how the content exchanged therein is applied to managing their disease. Four themes were identified: processing disease diagnosis, collaborating to solve problem, recognizing personal limitations, and appreciating that health is variable. Topical communication within the online communities was often tailored to members’ situational needs with the ultimate goal being better self-management. The findings demonstrate the online health community is an environment that invites members who share common characteristics to engage with one another and with the shared content for the purpose of learning arthritis self-management strategies. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Association Between Diabetes Education and Support and Self-Care Management

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110088
Author(s):  
Lucía D. Juarez ◽  
Caroline A. Presley ◽  
Carrie R. Howell ◽  
April A. Agne ◽  
Andrea L. Cherrington
Keyword(s):  
Care Coordination ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Management Behaviors

Diabetes self-management education and support enhance self-efficacy and promote self-management behaviors essential for diabetes management. We investigated the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the association between diabetes education or care coordination and self-care activities. We surveyed a population-based sample of adults with type 2 diabetes (19–64 years of age) covered by Alabama Medicaid. We examined whether receipt of diabetes education or care coordination were associated with improvements in diabetes self-care activities. We then examined if improvements were mediated by self-efficacy. Models were adjusted for age, gender, race, education, insulin use, diabetes duration, and depressive symptoms. Results A total of 1,318 participants were included in the study (mean age = 52.9 years, SD = 9.6; 72.5% female, 56.4% Black, 3.1% Hispanic). Diabetes education was associated with increases in self-care activity scores related to general diet, physical activity, glucose self-monitoring, and foot care; care coordination was associated with glucose self-monitoring. In addition, mediation analysis models confirmed that improvements in self-efficacy led to improved self-care activities scores, mediating the association of diabetes education and self-care activities. Conclusions Diabetes education and self-efficacy were associated with better self-care. Receiving diabetes education led to a higher likelihood of engaging in self-care activities, driven in part by increases in self-efficacy. Future interventions that aim to improve diabetes self-management behaviors can benefit from targeting self-efficacy constructs and from the integration of diabetes education in the care coordination structure.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF DIABETES SELF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND SUPPORT FOR SELF EFFICACY AND SELF CARE BEHAVIOUR IN CLIENT WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-111
Author(s):  
FITRIAH FITRIAH ◽  
MUSTOFA HARIS ◽  
Mufarika Mufarika ◽  
CICILIA DESY MEGAWATI ◽  
SURYANINGSIH SURYANINGSIH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Logistic Regression Test

Independent diabetes care management is needed for health maintenance. Low self-care is caused by low self-efficacy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of diabetes self-management education and support for self-efficacy and independent behavior in clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This observational research used a cross sectional approach. Sample which used clusster sampling method consisted of of 200 people. Independent variable was education and support for independent diabetes management, and dependent variable was self-efficacy and independence. Research analysis techniques used bivariate statistical logistic regression test. The results of Binary Logistic Regression test showed that education and independent management support for diabetes significantly influence self-efficacy with a result of sig 0.001 <α 0.05. Education and support for independent diabetes management significantly influence self-care with sig 0,000 <α 0,05. Self-efficacy affects self-care significantly with sig 0,000 <α 0,05. Self-management education and diabetes support are beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes in increasing self-confidence to control and manage the disease they experience. Keywords: Self-management education, self-efficacy and self-reliance behavior

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