Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapy For Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19 (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koray Yalcin ◽  
Cansu Hemsinlioglu ◽  
Rehile Zengin ◽  
Meral Sonmezoglu ◽  
Riza Hakan Erbay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarker ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

UNSTRUCTURED The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread over the world and there is still no specific treatment. Beside many drug studies, there is not enough data about the place of cellular therapies. In this study, we used second passage cGMP grade umbilical cord-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC) via a combined intratracheal/intravenous route as a novel administration protocol. After the treatment, the values of inflammatory biomarker C-reactive protein of all patients decreased significantly [(before MSC therapy, mean: 84,8 mg/L (2,4-272 mg/L); after MSC administration, mean: 6,5 mg/L (0,3-25,3 mg/L)], procalcitonin decreased for 6 of 7 patients, increasing lymphocyte count was detected in 5 of 7 patients and pulmonary functions PaO2/FiO2 and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) improved in 5 of 7 patients within 7 days after MSC therapy. At the time of MSC administration, all 7 patients were receiving mechanical ventilation. After MSC therapy, 4 of 7 patients were weaned from mechanical ventilation. Although this study has limitations, the outcomes are promising for the advanced stages of COVID-19 pneumonia.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome for Severe COVID-19 Infections: Premises for the Therapeutic Use

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Bari ◽  
Ilaria Ferrarotti ◽  
Laura Saracino ◽  
Sara Perteghella ◽  
Maria Luisa Torre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
World Population ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

From the end of 2019, the world population has been faced the spread of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for COVID-19 infection. In approximately 14% of the patients affected by the novel coronavirus, the infection progresses with the development of pneumonia that requires mechanical ventilation. At the moment, there is no specific antiviral treatment recommended for the COVID-19 pandemic and the therapeutic strategies to deal with the infection are only supportive. In our opinion, mesenchymal stem cell secretome could offer a new therapeutic approach in treating COVID-19 pneumonia, due to the broad pharmacological effects it shows, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, regenerative, pro-angiogenic and anti-fibrotic properties.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of the clinical features of outpatients with novel coronavirus in areas outside Wuhan, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Tao Li ◽  
Mei-Lian Peng ◽  
Jia-dan Fu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Yong-zheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Epidemic Area ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Lung Ct

Abstract Objective: The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the globe with the movement of people. How to diagnose COVID-19 quickly and accurately is a concern for all. We retrospectively assessed the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 detected by outpatient screening in areas outside Wuhan, China, to guide early screening outside the epidemic area, to isolate and treat COVID-19-positive patients, and to control the spread of this virus in the region.Results: Among the 213 patients treated in the fever clinic of our hospital, 41 tested positive for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and 172 were negative. Among the positive patients, 13 (31.7%) of the patients had been to Wuhan, while 28 (68.3%) had not been to Wuhan. There were 4 cases of clustering occurrence. The main symptoms exhibited by COVID-19-positive patients were fever (87.8%), cough (68.3%), and expectoration (34.1%). The C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were increased in 35 (85.3%) positive patients; the hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in the myocardial zymogram was increased in 22 positive patients (53.6%) and 38 negative patients (22.1%); computed tomography (CT) findings revealed lung lesions in all 41 positive patients (100%).Conclusion: We classified the patient population and analyzed the data to understand the early clinical performance of COVID-19. Our research illustrate that screening for COVID-19 outside Wuhan should focus on early symptoms such as fever and cough, in combination with lung CT findings, epidemiological history, and sputum pathogen detection to determine whether patients need further isolation.

scholarly journals The Role of C-reactive Protein in Patient Risk Stratification and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramón Arroyo-Espliguero ◽  
María C Viana-Llamas ◽  
Alberto Silva-Obregón ◽  
Pablo Avanzas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Cardiovascular Prevention ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Residual Risk ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarker ◽  
Reactive Protein

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. Several circulating inflammatory markers have been proposed for clinical use due to their ability to predict future cardiovascular events and may be useful for identifying people at high risk who might benefit from specific treatment to reduce this risk. Moreover, the identification of new therapeutic targets will allow the development of drugs that can help reduce the high residual risk of recurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. The clinical benefits of reducing recurrent major cardiovascular events recently shown by canakinumab and colchicine have renewed the cardiology community’s interest in inflammation as an aetiopathogenic mechanism for atherosclerosis. This review explores the use of C-reactive protein, which is the most frequently studied biomarker in this context; the concept of residual risk in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention; and the current recommendations in international guidelines regarding the role of this inflammatory biomarker in cardiovascular risk stratification.

scholarly journals Clinical and Laboratory Profiles of 75 Hospitalized Patients with Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Hefei, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zonghao Zhao ◽  
Jiajia Xie ◽  
Ming Yin ◽  
Yun Yang ◽  
Hongliang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractThe outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection began in December 2019 in Wuhan, and rapidly spread to many provinces in China. The number of cases has increased markedly in Anhui, but information on the clinical characteristics of patients is limited. We reported 75 patients with COVID-19 in the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC from Jan 21 to Feb 16, 2020, Hefei, Anhui Province, China. COVID-19 infection was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR of respiratory nasopharyngeal swab samples. Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data were collected and analyzed. Of the 75 patients with COVID-19, 61 (81.33%) had a direct or indirect exposure history to Wuhan. Common symptoms at onset included fever (66 [88.0%] of 75 patients) and dry cough (62 [82.67%]). Of the patients without fever, cough could be the only or primary symptom. The most prominent laboratory abnormalities were lymphopenia, decreased percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%), decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Patients with elevated interleukin 6 (IL-6) showed significant decreases in the LYM%, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts. Besides, the percentage of neutrophils, CRP, LDH and Procalcitonin levels increased significantly. We concluded that COVID-19 could cause different degrees of hematological abnormalities and damage of internal organs. Hematological profiles including LYM, LDH, CRP and IL-6 could be indicators of diseases severity and evaluation of treatment effectiveness. Antiviral treatment requires a comprehensive and supportive approach. Further targeted therapy should be determined based on individual clinical manifestations and laboratory indicators.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of acute appendicitis in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZhiXue Zheng ◽  
Jing Tao Bi ◽  
Ya Qi Liu ◽  
Xuan Cai
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
The Novel ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective This research aims to analyze the impact of the novel coronavirus pandemic on the hospital visits of patients with acute appendicitis. Methods The retrospective analysis was designed to look at the treatment of acute appendicitis in the Department of General Surgery in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2020). Data was analyzed by the numbers of patients, sex, age, onset time, fever or not, laboratory examination, imaging test, and treatment. And we analyzed the differences between the “pre-COVID group” and “during-COVID group”. Results Compared with the year 2019, the number of acute appendicitis patients has diminished substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020), but the number elevated with the control of the pandemic. Even if we did not find the differences of the treatment before and during the pandemic (P = 0.932), the onset time to emergency was significantly longer (P < 0.001), and more patients had showed fever (P < 0.001) during the COVID-19 pandemic. And the total number of white blood cells and C reactive protein level were significantly higher in 2020 than those in 2019 (P = 0.006, 0.003). And the same result was found in patients with appendiceal fecalith (P = 0.047). Conclusion During the pandemic of the new coronavirus pneumonia, the number of patients with acute appendix treatment dropped significantly, mainly because it took longer than before, and the condition was more severe. It can be seen that the new coronary pneumonia has a great impact on the patients’ medical treatment behavior, and the active prevention and treatment of the new coronavirus pneumonia is currently an important and urgent issue.

Clinical cases of eculizumab use as a part of complex therapy in patients with severe COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.А. Майер ◽  
Б.А. Бакиров ◽  
А.А. Набиева ◽  
Д.А. Кудлай
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Membrane Attack Complex ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Clinical Cases

Введение. В последние 2 года серьезной проблемой для всего мирового сообщества стало распространение новой коронавирусной (CoV) инфекции COVID-19 (COrona VIrus Disease-2019). Ввиду сложившихся событий в лечении COVID-19 активно стали применяться новые молекулы и уже зарегистрированные лекарственные препараты, доказавшие свою эффективность при других заболеваниях. Цель исследования: оценить эффективность применения препарата экулизумаб у пациентов с тяжелой формой течения COVID-19. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы 3 клинических случая применения препарата экулизумаб в составе комплексной терапии у пациентов с тяжелой формой течения COVID-19. Для оценки эффективности лечения проводился мониторинг основных клинико-лабораторных показателей, а также показателей, характеризующих воспалительный процесс при коронавирусной инфекции: общий анализ крови, биохимический анализ крови, проанализированы уровни таких показателей как ферритин, С-реактивный белок, интерлейкин-6, лактатдегидрогеназа и мембраноатакующий комплекс. Результаты. На фоне проводимой терапии выявлено снижение концентрации основных маркеров воспаления относительно исходных значений. Заключение. Комплексная терапия, включающая экулизумаб, облегчает течение заболевания, позволяет сократить длительность пребывания пациентов в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии, укорачивает срок их пребывания на искусственной вентиляции легких, тем самым снижая процент летальности. Background. In the past two years, the incidence of the novel coronavirus (CoV) infection COVID-19 (COrona Virus Disease-2019) has been a serious problem for the global community. Considering these circumstances, new molecules and already registered drugs that have proven their effectiveness in other diseases, began to be actively used in COVID-19 treatment. Objectives: to assess the effi cacy of eculizumab in patients with severe COVID-19. Patients/Methods. Three clinical cases of eculizumab use as a part of complex therapy in patients with severe COVID-19 have been analyzed. To assess the treatment efficacy, the main clinical and laboratory parameters and indicators of inflammatory process in coronavirus infection were monitored (clinical blood analysis, biochemical blood test, levels of ferritin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, lactate dehydrogenase and membrane attack complex). Results. Under the therapy we found the reduction of concentration of the main inflammation markers relative to the initial values. Conclusions. Complex therapy with eculizumab facilitates the course of the disease, reduces the stay duration of patients in the intensive care unit, shortens the period of artificial lung ventilation, thereby reducing the mortality rate.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs as potential candidates to target specific motifs of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Natarelli ◽  
Luca Parca ◽  
Fabio Virgili ◽  
Tommaso Mazza ◽  
Christian Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Leader Sequence ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract The novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19) was defined as a global pandemic and induced a severe public health crisis in 2020. Covid-19 viral infection targets the human respiratory system and, at present, no specific treatment has been identified even though certain drugs have been studied and considered apparently effective in viral progression by reducing the complications in the lung epithelium. Researchers and clinicians are still struggling to find a vaccine or a specific innovative therapeutic strategy to counter COVID-19 infection.Here we describe our study indicating that SARS-CoV-2 genome contains motif sequences in the 5´UTR leader sequence that can be selectively recognized by specific human non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as micro and long non-coding RNAs (miRNAs and lncRNA). Notably, some of these ncRNAs have been already utilized as oligo-based drugs in pulmonary and virus-associated diseases. We identified three selective motifs at the 5´UTR leader sequence of SARS-CoV-2 that allow viral recognition and binding of a specific group of miRNAs, some of them characterized by “GU” seed alignments. Additionally, one seed motif within miRNAs has been found to be able to bind the 5’UTR leader sequence. Among miRNAs having thermodynamically stable binding site against leader sequence and that are able interacted with Spike transcript some are involved in pulmonary arterial hypertension and anti-viral response, i.e. miR-204, miR-3661, and miR-1343. Moreover, several miRNA candidates have been already validated in vivo and specific oligo sequence are indeed available for their inhibition or overexpression.Four lncRNAs (H19, Hotair, Fendrr, and LINC05) directly interact with spike transcript (mRNA) and viral genome.In conclusion, we suggest that specific miRNAs and lncRNAs can be potential candidates to design oligonucleotide-drugs to treat COVID-19 and that our study can provide candidate hypothesis to be eventually tested in further experimental studies.

scholarly journals COVID-19: A Critical Review on Viral Biochemistry, Environmental Transmission, Therapeutics and Safety Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshni Kumari ◽  
Kumari Pragati Nanda ◽  
Hena Firdaus ◽  
Soumen Dey
Keyword(s):  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Scattered Data ◽  
Review Article ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The outbreak of coronavirus disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is declared pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) keeping in view its infection rate and toxicity level. The entire world is struggling hard to survive the prevailing health emergency. The authors realise the urgent need of contributing an overview of the present scenario to the researchers who are breathlessly trying to combat this pandemic situation. This review aimed at binding all the scattered data and research available till now on COVID-19 disease starting from its origin to transmission and spread through environmental factors till treatment and the safety measures that should be implemented. This article would possibly help the readers by providing an outlook of current scenario on various perspectives of COVID-19 disease at a single glance. The types, origin and toxicity caused are discussed in brief. The role of contaminated aerosols (viral-laden smoke from tobacco, cigarettes), wastewater, fomites, human and faecal matter are important in spreading the novel coronavirus in the environment. There is no specific treatment till date but clinical trials and diagnosis on several known drugs are on-going. The precaution and safety measures could hopefully reduce number of infections and mortality. The number of infected cases confirmed till 2 August 2020 was 17660523 with 680894 deaths in the world. We tried in this review article to summarize the scattered data available on biochemistry of SARS-CoV-2, environmental spread of virus and the safety measures to combat COVID-19 pandemic.

Glycyrrhizin as a Potential Treatment for the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habeb Al-Kamel ◽  
Oliver Grundmann
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Potential Treatment ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

: COVID-19 is an emerging viral infection of zoonotic origin that is closely related to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that caused an outbreak in 2003. Therefore, scientists named the new virus SARS-CoV-2. On March 11, 2020, The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized COVID-19 as a global pandemic. At present, three vaccines have been approved or are being considered for approval by national regulatory agencies to immunize against COVID-19. However, the vaccines do not yet remain widely available and no specific treatment against the virus is available. The pathogenesis and proliferation pathways of SARS-CoV-2 are still not well known. Thus, in this article, the saponin glycyrrhizin is discussed as a new potential therapeutic agent of natural origin (licorice root, Glycyrrhizaglabra) for the potential treatment of COVID-19 infections.

scholarly journals Sterols and Triterpenes: Antiviral     Potential Supported by In-Silico Analysis

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Nourhan Hisham Shady ◽  
Khayrya A. Youssif ◽  
Ahmed M. Sayed ◽  
Lassaad Belbahri ◽  
Tomasz Oszako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Protein Targets ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Silico Analysis

The acute respiratory syndrome caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) caused severe panic all over the world. The coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has already brought massive human suffering and major economic disruption and unfortunately, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 so far. Herbal medicines and purified natural products can provide a rich resource for novel antiviral drugs. Therefore, in this review, we focused on the sterols and triterpenes as potential candidates derived from natural sources with well-reported in vitro efficacy against numerous types of viruses. Moreover, we compiled from these reviewed compounds a library of 162 sterols and triterpenes that was subjected to a computer-aided virtual screening against the active sites of the recently reported SARS-CoV-2 protein targets. Interestingly, the results suggested some compounds as potential drug candidates for the development of anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.

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