scholarly journals The Role of Technology and the Continuum of Care for Youth Suicidality: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Szlyk ◽  
Jia Tan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Risk Recognition ◽  
The Continuum

BACKGROUND Youth suicide is a global public health issue, and using technology is one strategy to increase participation in preventive interventions. However, there is minimal knowledge on how technology-enhanced interventions for youth correspond to the stages of care, from illness or risk recognition to treatment follow-up. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to examine the efficacy of technology-enhanced youth suicide prevention and interventions across the continuum of care. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched up to spring 2019 for youth suicide preventive interventions that used technology. The review was not restricted by study design and eligible studies could report outcomes on suicidality or related behaviors, such as formal treatment initiation. An adapted version of the Methodological Quality Ratings Scale was used to assess study quality. RESULTS A total of 26 studies were identified. The findings support the emerging efficacy of technology-enhanced interventions, including a decline in suicidality and an increase in proactive behaviors. However, evidence suggests that there are gaps in the continuum of care and recent study samples do not represent the diverse identities of vulnerable youth. CONCLUSIONS The majority of identified studies were conducted in school settings and were universal interventions that aligned with the illness and risk recognition and help-seeking stages of the continuum of care. This field could be strengthened by having future studies target the stages of assessment and treatment initiation, include diverse youth demographics, and examine the varying roles of providers and technological components in emerging interventions.

scholarly journals The Role of Technology and the Continuum of Care for Youth Suicidality: Systematic Review

10.2196/18672 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e18672
Author(s):  
Hannah Szlyk ◽  
Jia Tan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Treatment Initiation ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Risk Recognition ◽  
The Continuum

Background Youth suicide is a global public health issue, and using technology is one strategy to increase participation in preventive interventions. However, there is minimal knowledge on how technology-enhanced interventions for youth correspond to the stages of care, from illness or risk recognition to treatment follow-up. Objective This systematic review aims to examine the efficacy of technology-enhanced youth suicide prevention and interventions across the continuum of care. Methods Four electronic databases were searched up to spring 2019 for youth suicide preventive interventions that used technology. The review was not restricted by study design and eligible studies could report outcomes on suicidality or related behaviors, such as formal treatment initiation. An adapted version of the Methodological Quality Ratings Scale was used to assess study quality. Results A total of 26 studies were identified. The findings support the emerging efficacy of technology-enhanced interventions, including a decline in suicidality and an increase in proactive behaviors. However, evidence suggests that there are gaps in the continuum of care and recent study samples do not represent the diverse identities of vulnerable youth. Conclusions The majority of identified studies were conducted in school settings and were universal interventions that aligned with the illness and risk recognition and help-seeking stages of the continuum of care. This field could be strengthened by having future studies target the stages of assessment and treatment initiation, include diverse youth demographics, and examine the varying roles of providers and technological components in emerging interventions.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review Evaluating Psychometric Properties of Parent or Caregiver Report Instruments on Child Maltreatment: Part 2: Internal Consistency, Reliability, Measurement Error, Structural Validity, Hypothesis Testing, Cross-Cultural Validity, and Criterion Validity

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802091559
Author(s):  
Sangwon Yoon ◽  
Renée Speyer ◽  
Reinie Cordier ◽  
Pirjo Aunio ◽  
Airi Hakkarainen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Health Measurement ◽  
Patient Report Outcome ◽  
Psychometric Data

Aims: Child maltreatment (CM) is global public health issue with devastating lifelong consequences. Global organizations have endeavored to eliminate CM; however, there is lack of consensus on what instruments are most suitable for the investigation and prevention of CM. This systematic review aimed to appraise the psychometric properties (other than content validity) of all current parent- or caregiver-reported CM instruments and recommend the most suitable for use. Method: A systematic search of the CINAHL, Embase, ERIC, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Sociological Abstracts databases was performed. The evaluation of psychometric properties was conducted according to the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines for systematic reviews of patient-report outcome measures. Responsiveness was beyond the scope of this systematic review, and content validity has been reported on in a companion paper (Part 1). Only instruments developed and published in English were included. Results: Twenty-five studies reported on selected psychometric properties of 15 identified instruments. The methodological quality of the studies was overall adequate. The psychometric properties of the instruments were generally indeterminate or not reported due to incomplete or missing psychometric data; high-quality evidence on the psychometric properties was limited. Conclusions: No instruments could be recommended as most suitable for use in clinic and research. Nine instruments were identified as promising based on current psychometric data but would need further psychometric evidence for them to be recommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in postmenopausal women: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Valladares ◽  
Ricardo Simões ◽  
Wanderley Bernardo ◽  
Ana Carolina Basso Schmitt ◽  
Maria Regina A. Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The World ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: Hypovitaminosis D is considered a global public health issue. Knowledge of its true dimensions will allow us to design interventions and plan preventive measures that can have a significant impact on human health. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, defined as a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration < 30 ng/ml, in postmenopausal women around the world, as well as to identify the potential associated factors. METHODS: A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses recommendations. Specific search terms were consulted in Medline, Excerpta Medica, and Latin-American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature databases, with no restriction for the year or language of publication. RESULTS: Of 451 studies initially identified, 32 were selected for analysis. Collectively, those 32 studies evaluated 21,236 postmenopausal women, of whom 16,440 (77.4%) had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations < 30 ng/ml. The reported prevalence of hypovitaminosis D ranged from 29% (in the United States) to 99.4% (in China). In six of the studies, the prevalence was above 90%. CONCLUSIONS: If the criterion is the 30 ng/ml cut-off point, the majority of postmenopausal women in the world could be classified as having hypovitaminosis D. Among the studies evaluated, the lowest prevalence reported was nearly 30%. Neither latitude, region of the world, nor laboratory methodology were found to be associated with the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D.

Adolescent suicide as a global public health issue

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zebib K. Abraham ◽  
Leo Sher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Homeless Youth ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Youth Suicide ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Global Strategies

AbstractYouth suicide is a major global mental health problem. This review looks at the epidemiology, risk and protective factors associated with youth suicide, and global strategies to address this important issue. To better understand factors contributing to youth suicide, global gender differences in suicide were examined. Global rates of suicide amongst young men are higher than young women. However, there are anomalously higher rates of female youth suicide in India and China, and possible causes of this are examined further. It is likely that underestimation of youth suicide is a major factor affecting the accuracy of suicide epidemiology. Risk factors for youth suicide are varied. Psychiatric factors include various psychiatric illnesses, substance use (particularly amongst refugee and homeless youth). Psychosocial risk factors include family conflict, physical and sexual childhood abuse, isolation, socioeconomic disadvantage, discrimination and acculturation. Vulnerable populations are at increased risk, including refugee/immigrant/indigenous youth, those in foster care and homeless youth. Protective factors can include family cohesion and strong interpersonal relationships, as well as increased access to care. Global strategies to prevent youth suicide include reducing lethal means to suicide and reducing harmful media reporting. Various psychosocial interventions may be helpful, including individual support, and family, school and community based interventions. Strategies can also increase evaluation of psychiatric disorders and access to care, as well as promote psycho-education and reduce stigma against mental illness.

A Systematic Review of Intimate Partner Violence Interventions: State of the Field and Implications for Practitioners

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Trabold ◽  
James McMahon ◽  
Shannon Alsobrooks ◽  
Staci Whitney ◽  
Mona Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is a global public health issue and has serious consequences of women’s health. While scholars and researchers have made some progress in addressing IPV and its impact across different levels of care, there is a paucity of intervention research in this area. For example, we know little about which intervention models work best for particular groups of IPV survivors. Previous reviews have concluded there is insufficient evidence to recommend specific treatment options for victims, but they have also been limited in scope of target populations or have employed narrow eligibility criteria. This systematic review examined the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions for victims of IPV related to physical and mental health and revictimization. Three large databases were searched and articles were selected using specified criteria. Fifty-seven articles met inclusion criteria. Results indicate that both empowerment-based advocacy and cognitively focused clinical interventions demonstrate positive outcomes on the vast sequelae of violence in the context of an intimate relationship. The heterogeneity of intervention approaches and frameworks makes comparisons across studies challenging, but this review demonstrates that interventions focused on problem-solving/solution seeking, enhanced choice making and the alteration in distorted self-thinking and perception are promising in facilitating and maintaining positive physical and mental health changes for women who experience violence.

scholarly journals Exploring experiences of infertility amongst women and men in low-income and middle-income countries: protocol for a qualitative systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e050528
Author(s):  
Pooja Sripad ◽  
Sapna Desai ◽  
Ricardo Regules ◽  
Suchandrima Chakraborty ◽  
Helen Habib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Qualitative Evidence

IntroductionInfertility is increasingly recognised as a global public health issue for women and men that merits further investigation to support policy and programming. While research in high-income settings has examined the consequences of infertility and access to services, there has been limited synthesis of how individuals experience infertility in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This protocol describes a systematic review that will synthesise qualitative evidence on experiences of infertility among women and men in LMICs.Methods and analysisThe review will follow the Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research (ENTREQ) guidelines for reporting on qualitative evidence syntheses. The study team will search for published literature in PubMed, CINAHL and Scopus and PsycINFO databases and review available grey literature. Using Covidence software, two independent reviewers will conduct title and abstract screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by full-text reviews and extraction by a larger team. Quality will be appraised using an adapted version of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme guidelines. We will conduct thematic synthesis to characterise individual experiences and related factors at the individual, interpersonal, community and health system levels. We will develop a conceptual framework to describe evidence on experiences of infertility in LMICs and to help inform interventions across settings.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol has been internally approved as exempt by the Institutional Review Board of the Population Council, as it does not involve contact with human subjects or personally identifying data. Results of the review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be used to inform future infertility research and programming in LMICs.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021227742.

scholarly journals Continuum of Care for Older Adults With Concurrent Hearing and Vision Impairment: A Systematic Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Jaiswal ◽  
Shikha Gupta ◽  
Patrice Dupont ◽  
Walter Wittich
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Population ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Term Care ◽  
The Continuum

Abstract Background: A recent global report estimates around 2% of the world population (~150 million people) to have concurrent hearing and vision difficulties (referred to as dual sensory impairment/DSI). Older adults with DSI often experience poorer levels of health and barriers to accessing health services in long-term care, home care and hospitals. Yet, the evidence is limited to inform the healthcare planning for this vulnerable population. Understanding the current state of the continuum of care for older adults with DSI is paramount to determine ways to promote healthy ageing. Hence, the objective of this systematic review is to summarize the information available on the continuum of care and synthesize evidence on existing and emergent strategies of screening, assessment and interventions to optimize care for older adults with DSI.Methods: The review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). Electronic research databases (CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Global Health and Web of Science), clinical trial registries (ISRCTN Registry, WHO ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov) will be searched. Editorials, conference publications, thesis/dissertations, books or letters will be excluded. There is no date and language restriction applied, and databases are searched since inception.Discussion: Healthcare professionals have little guidance on how to screen, assess, and provide best possible care to older adults with DSI while accommodating for their hearing and vision challenges; thus, the results of this review will be a relevant resource for policymakers, decision-makers, healthcare organizations, clinicians/professionals, and informal care providers of older adults with DSI. This review will document current practices, determine the evidence gaps, synthesize research findings, and make recommendations for future research priorities.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration # CRD42020180545

scholarly journals Effects of Nutritional Education Interventions on Metabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Rosaura Leis ◽  
Carmela de Lamas ◽  
María-José de Castro ◽  
Rosaura Picáns ◽  
Mercedes Gil-Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Nutritional Education ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Education Interventions

Childhood obesity is a global public health issue and is linked to metabolic syndrome, which increases the risk of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Social, economic and cultural factors influence changes in nutrition and lifestyle characterized by poorer diets and reduced physical activity. This systematic review summarizes the evidence for nutritional education interventions to improve metabolic risks in children and adolescents. Systematic searches of the databases Medline (via PubMed) and Scopus were conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The risk of bias for each study was assessed following the methodology of the Cochrane Collaboration. Ten case-controlled and randomized controlled studies testing nutritional educational interventions targeting children and adolescents from the general population were eligible for inclusion. The sample size was 3915 and the age range was 7–20 years. The duration of intervention ranged from 12 weeks to 20 years. All the studies that provided data on abdominal obesity reported differences in favour of the intervention. However, data on the effects on the remaining components of metabolic syndrome remain inconclusive. These results support the role of nutritional education interventions as a strategy to reduce central adiposity and its possible unhealthy consequences in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review on the Intervention Using Exercise Gaming to reduce Childhood Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminuddin NA ◽  
Azit NA
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The Impact

The worsening trend of childhood obesity is a global public health issue. Digital technology evolution is a contributing factor towards physical inactivity and obesity among children. In order to overcome this growing problem, exercise games have been introduced in early eighties to ameliorate this obesogenic environment. Exercise games utilize innovative technologies that provide an interactive environment, requiring gestures and body movements to simulate on-screen gameplay. The objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of exercise gaming intervention in managing childhood obesity. A systematic review was performed. Six articles examining exercise video games impact on weight management among children published between January 2013 and December 2017 in the English language were selected from a total of 54 articles identified through five major search engines. Majority of the research was conducted in developed countries particularly in the United States whereby some developing countries had started with small-scale researches in this area. The result indicated that there was a significant increase in physical activity level, reduction of BMI, reduced adipose tissue composition and a positive psychological impact after the intervention of exercise games. However, the impact of exercise games on physiological and metabolic parameters were inconclusive and requires further study. In conclusion, exercise games are the effective way to combat childhood obesity, along with other modules of lifestyle.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document