scholarly journals Predictors of Engagement, Response to Follow Up, and Extent of Alcohol Reduction in Users of a Smartphone App (Drink Less): Secondary Analysis of a Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Garnett ◽  
Olga Perski ◽  
Ildiko Tombor ◽  
Robert West ◽  
Susan Michie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Alcohol Reduction

BACKGROUND Digital interventions for alcohol can help achieve reductions in hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. The Drink Less app was developed using evidence and theory, and a factorial randomized controlled trial (RCT) suggested that 4 of its intervention modules may assist with drinking reduction. However, low engagement is an important barrier to effectiveness, and low response to follow up is a challenge for intervention evaluation. Research is needed to understand what factors influence users’ level of engagement, response to follow up, and extent of alcohol reduction. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate associations between user characteristics, engagement, response to follow up, and extent of alcohol reduction in an app-based intervention, Drink Less. METHODS This study involved a secondary data analysis of a factorial RCT of the Drink Less app. Participants (N=672) were aged 18 years or older, lived in the United Kingdom, and had an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score >7 (indicative of excessive drinking). Sociodemographic and drinking characteristics were assessed at baseline. Engagement was assessed in the first month of use (number of sessions, time on app, number of days used, and percentage of available screens viewed). Response to follow up and extent of alcohol reduction (change in past week consumption) were measured after 1 month. Associations were assessed using unadjusted and adjusted linear or logistic regression models. RESULTS Age (all unstandardized regression coefficients [B] >.02, all P<.001) and post-16 educational qualifications (all B>.18, all P<.03) were positively associated with all engagement outcomes. Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, P<.001), educational qualifications (OR 2.11, P<.001), and female gender (OR 1.58, P=.02) were positively associated with response to follow up. Engagement outcomes predicted response to follow up (all OR>1.02, all P<.001) but not the extent of alcohol reduction (all −.14<B<−.06, all P>.07). Baseline drinking characteristics were the only variables associated with the extent of alcohol reduction among those followed up (all B>.49, all P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Users of the alcohol reduction app, Drink Less, who were older and had post-16 educational qualifications engaged more and were more likely to respond at 1-month follow up. Higher baseline alcohol consumption predicted a greater extent of alcohol reduction among those followed up but did not predict engagement or response to follow up. Engagement was associated with response to follow up but was not associated with the extent of alcohol reduction, which suggests that the Drink Less app does not have a dose-response effect. CLINICALTRIAL International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number ISRCTN40104069; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN40104069 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/746HqygIV)

scholarly journals Risk factors for complications in peripheral intravenous catheters in adults: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derdried Athanasio Johann ◽  
Mitzy Tannia Reichembach Danski ◽  
Stela Adami Vayego ◽  
Dulce Aparecida Barbosa ◽  
Jolline Lind
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Clinical Trials Registry ◽  
Intravenous Catheters

ABSTRACT Objective: analyze the risk factors linked to complications in peripheral intravenous catheters. Method: secondary data analysis of a randomized controlled trial with 169 medical and surgical patients placed in two groups, one with integrated safety catheter (n=90) and other using simple needle catheter (n=79), with three months follow-up time. Results: the risk factors that raised the odds of developing complications were: hospitalization between 10-19 days (p=0.0483) and 20-29 days (p=0,0098), antimicrobial use (p=0.0288) and use of fluid solutions (p=0.0362). The 20 Gauge lowered the risks of complications (p=0.0153). Multiple analysis showed reduction of risk for the 20 Gauge (p=0.0350); heightened risk for solutions and fluids (p=0.0351) and use of corticosteroids (p=0.0214). Conclusion: risk factors linked to complications in peripheral intravenous catheters were: hospitalization periods between 10-29 days, antimicrobial infusion, solutions and fluids and corticosteroids. Regarding complications, 20 Gauge is a protecting factor compared with 22. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry: RBR-46ZQR8.

A Web-Based, Computer-Tailored Intervention to Reduce Alcohol Consumption and Binge Drinking Among Spanish Adolescents: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Martinez-Montilla ◽  
Liesbeth Mercken ◽  
Hein de Vries ◽  
Math Candel ◽  
Joaquín Salvador Lima-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cluster Randomized

BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption, including binge drinking (BD) and heavy episodic drinking (HED), is one of the leading risk factors among Spanish adolescents leading to significant social, health, and economic consequences. Reduction of BD and HED in adolescents can be achieved using Web-based, computer-tailored (CT) interventions, providing highly personalized feedback that is adapted to a person’s individual characteristics and needs. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of tailored BD reduction programs among Spanish adolescents are scarce. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of the Web-based, CT intervention Alerta Alcohol, aimed at the prevention of BD in Spanish adolescents. As a secondary outcome, effects on HED, weekly consumption, and any consumption were also assessed. The adherence and process evaluation were assessed. METHODS A cluster randomized controlled trial conducted among 15 Spanish schools was developed. Each school was randomized into either an experimental condition (EC) (N=742) or a control condition (CC) (N=505). Finally, 351 participants for the EC and 261 for the CC were included in the analysis (N=612). Baseline assessment took place in January and February 2017. Demographic variables and alcohol use were assessed at baseline. Follow-up assessment of alcohol use took place 4 months later in May and June 2017. Participants were compared according to their randomization group (EC versus CC). After the baseline assessment, participants in the EC started the intervention, which consisted of short stories about BD, in which CT feedback was based on the I-Change Model for behavior change. Participants in the CC group only received the baseline questionnaire. Effects of the intervention were assessed using a three-level mixed logistic regression analysis for BD, HED, and any consumption, and a three-level mixed linear regression analysis for weekly consumption. RESULTS In total, 1247 adolescents participated in the baseline assessment and 612 participated in the follow-up assessment; the attrition rate was 50.92%. The intervention was effective in reducing HED among adolescents; the odds of HED in the CC was nine times that in the experimental condition (<i>P</i>=.04). No effects were found for BD, weekly consumption, and any consumption. Process evaluations revealed that the adolescents were satisfied with the program (68.8%), would use the program again (52.9%), and would recommend it to someone else (62.8%). Females and non-binge drinkers showed better responses in the process evaluation. CONCLUSIONS Our intervention was effective regarding HED but not regarding BD, weekly consumption, and any consumption. It may be that limiting alcohol consumption to prevent HED was easier in the Spanish context than it was to carry out further steps, such as reducing other patterns of alcohol consumption. Hence, additional actions are needed to accomplish these latter goals, including community approaches and policy actions aimed at denormalizing alcohol consumption among Spanish adolescents. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03288896; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03288896 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-10.1186/s12889-018-5346-4

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