scholarly journals Image J software differences in B-mode ultrasound imaging of the intrinsic plantar muscles cross-sectional area between hemiparetic and contralateral feet in post-stroke patients: A case-control study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Calvo Lobo ◽  
Ana Isabel Useros Olmo ◽  
Jaime Almaz�n Polo ◽  
Miriam Mart�n Sevilla ◽  
Carlos Romero Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Assessment of Femoral Cartilage in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Case-Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1082-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Harkey ◽  
J. Troy Blackburn ◽  
Daniel Nissman ◽  
Hope Davis ◽  
Isaac Durrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femoral Cartilage ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Control Study

Context Developing osteoarthritis is common after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Monitoring changes in femoral cartilage size after ACLR may be a way to detect the earliest structural alterations before the radiographic onset of osteoarthritis. Diagnostic ultrasonography (US) offers a clinically accessible and valid method for evaluating anterior femoral cartilage size. Objective To compare the US measurements of anterior femoral cross-sectional area and cartilage thickness between limbs in individuals with a unilateral ACLR and between the ACLR limbs of these individuals and the limbs of uninjured control participants. Design Case-control study. Setting Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants A total of 20 volunteers with an ACLR (37.0 ± 26.6 months after surgery) and 28 uninjured volunteers. Main Outcome Measure(s) We used US to assess anterior femoral cartilage cross-sectional area and thickness (ie, medial, lateral, and intercondylar) in the ACLR and contralateral limbs of participants with ACLR and unilaterally in the reference limbs of uninjured participants. Results The ACLR limb presented with greater anterior femoral cartilage cross-sectional area (96.68 ± 22.68 mm2) than both the contralateral (85.69 ± 17.57 mm2, t19 = 4.47; P < .001) and uninjured (84.62 ± 15.89 mm2, t46 = 2.17; P = .04) limbs. The ACLR limb presented with greater medial condyle thickness (2.61 ± 0.61 mm) than both the contralateral (2.36 ± 0.47 mm, t19 = 2.78; P = .01) and uninjured limbs (2.22 ± 0.40 mm, t46 = 2.69; P = .01) and greater lateral condyle thickness (2.46 ± 0.65 mm) than the uninjured limb (2.12 ± 0.41 mm, t46 = 2.20; P = .03). Conclusions Anterior femoral cartilage cross-sectional area and thickness assessed via US were greater in the ACLR limb than in the contralateral and uninjured limbs. Greater thickness and cross-sectional area may have been due to cartilage swelling or hypertrophy after ACLR, which may affect the long-term health of the joint.

Abstract NS2: Effect of Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST) in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Dysphagia: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ye ◽  
Yi Dong ◽  
Shengyan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Volume Viscosity ◽  
Control Study

Background: The dysphagia screening in acute ischemic stroke plays an important role in patients with risk of dysphagia. The aim of this hospital-based case-control study is to explore if V-VST, as a new nurse-driven dysphagia screening tool for AIS patients, might help to reduce the rate of post-stroke pneumonia and early withdraw of feeding tube. Methods: 1598 acute ischemic stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The standard protocol in AIS patients were assessed by WST (before intervention and plus with V-VST after intervention). The V-VST assessment were be trained in two senior nurses and all AIS patients were assessed by V-VST during July 1and Dec 30 th , 2017. Among 299 AIS patients with suspected, all clinical data were analyzed. The comparison of their rate of pneumonia in hospital and withdraw rate of tubefeeding before discharge were performed between patients post-intervention (January 1, 2018-June 30, 2019)and those admitted before the intervention (January 1, 2016-June 30, 2017). Results: The baseline characteristics of the pre- and post- intervention AIS groups were similar in age, gender, NIHSS. The implementation of V-VST have a statistically significant reducing the risk of pneumonia with an adjusted HR (0.60, 95% CI 0.43-0.84, P=0.003). Additionally, follow-up V-VST were likely to be associated the withdraw rate of tube-feeding at discharge (29/168 vs 38/131 P=0.016).There is also a trend of length of tube-feeding decreasing (8.32±12.27 vs 6.84±8.61 P=0.241). Conclusion: In our study, the V-VST is a feasible bedside tool. The implemental might be associated with the reduction of post-stroke pneumonia. Therefore, it meets the requirements of a clinical screening test for dysphagia in acute stroke patients at bedside. Large prospective interventional study is needed to confirm our findings. V-VST: Volume-viscosity Swallow Test WST: Water Swallow Test AIS: Acute Ischemic Stroke HR: hazard ratio

scholarly journals Quantitative Ultrasound Imaging Differences in Multifidus and Thoracolumbar Fasciae between Athletes with and without Chronic Lumbopelvic Pain: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2647
Author(s):  
Jaime Almazán-Polo ◽  
Daniel López-López ◽  
Carlos Romero-Morales ◽  
David Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Lumbar Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lumbar Multifidus ◽  
Moderate Effect Size ◽  
Control Study

New trends in ultrasound imaging are focused on exploration of morphology and muscle quality. The main goal of the study was to evaluate the first-order descriptor and echostructure of lumbar multifidus at the L4 vertebral level in athletes with and without chronic lumbopelvic pain (CLPP). A case-control study was performed in 15 semiprofessional athletes with CLPP and 15 without (healthy athletes). Lumbar multifidus echointensity and echovariation were measured for muscle quality assessment. Echostructure was used to evaluate lumbar multifidus cross-sectional area (CSA) at resting and during muscle contraction, respective differences during both phases (CSADif.), activation patterns, and thoracolumbar fasciae morphology and thickness. Significant differences with a large effect size were observed in quantitative data from CLPP and healthy athletes for left lumbar multifidus CSADif. and thoracolumbar fasciae morphology. Categorical data showed statistically significant differences with a small-to-moderate effect size for lumbar multifidus activation pattern and thoracolumbar fasciae morphology. Athletes with CLPP showed a reduced CSA difference between lumbar multifidus contraction and at resting and higher disorganization of thoracolumbar fasciae morphology compared to healthy athletes. These findings suggest the importance of dynamic exploration of the lumbar region and connective tissue in sports performance and injury prevention.

scholarly journals Disruptions of Anaerobic Gut Bacteria Are Associated with Stroke and Post-stroke Infection: a Prospective Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastiaan W. Haak ◽  
Willeke F. Westendorp ◽  
Tjitske S. R. van Engelen ◽  
Xanthe Brands ◽  
Matthijs C. Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Prospective Case Control Study

Abstract In recent years, preclinical studies have illustrated the potential role of intestinal bacterial composition in the risk of stroke and post-stroke infections. The results of these studies suggest that bacteria capable of producing volatile metabolites, including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and butyrate, play opposing, yet important roles in the cascade of events leading to stroke. However, no large-scale studies have been undertaken to determine the abundance of these bacterial communities in stroke patients and to assess the impact of disrupted compositions of the intestinal microbiota on patient outcomes. In this prospective case–control study, rectal swabs from 349 ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients (median age, 71 years; IQR: 67–75) were collected within 24 h of hospital admission. Samples were subjected to 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and subsequently compared with samples obtained from 51 outpatient age- and sex-matched controls (median age, 72 years; IQR, 62–80) with similar cardiovascular risk profiles but without active signs of stroke. Plasma protein biomarkers were analyzed using a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed higher disruption of intestinal communities during ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke compared with non-stroke matched control subjects. Additionally, we observed an enrichment of bacteria implicated in TMAO production and a loss of butyrate-producing bacteria. Stroke patients displayed two-fold lower plasma levels of TMAO than controls (median 1.97 vs 4.03 μM, Wilcoxon p < 0.0001). Finally, lower abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria within 24 h of hospital admission was an independent predictor of enhanced risk of post-stroke infection (odds ratio 0.77, p = 0.005), but not of mortality or functional patient outcome. In conclusion, aberrations in trimethylamine- and butyrate-producing gut bacteria are associated with stroke and stroke-associated infections.

Prevalence of Hypertension among Post Stroke Patients in Africa: A Case-Control Study (P04.069)

Neurology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (Meeting Abstracts 1) ◽  
pp. P04.069-P04.069
Author(s):  
M. Kaddumukasa ◽  
L. Goldstein ◽  
P. Duncan ◽  
E. Ddumba
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Rehabilitative ultrasound imaging of the bilateral intrinsic plantar muscles and fascia in post-stroke survivors with hemiparesis: A case-control study.

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 907-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Calvo-Lobo ◽  
Ana Isabel Useros-Olmo ◽  
Jaime Almazán-Polo ◽  
Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Control Study
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