scholarly journals Gamified web-delivered attentional bias modification training for adults with chronic pain: Protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (Preprint)

10.2196/32359 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie F Vermeir ◽  
Melanie J White ◽  
Daniel Johnson ◽  
Geert Crombez ◽  
Dimitri M L Van Ryckeghem
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Attentional Bias Modification ◽  
Bias Modification

scholarly journals Attentional bias modification training for insomnia: A double-blind placebo controlled randomized trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e0174531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaap Lancee ◽  
Samya L. Yasiney ◽  
Ruben S. Brendel ◽  
Marilisa Boffo ◽  
Patrick J. F. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Attentional Bias Modification ◽  
Bias Modification

scholarly journals Combining Web-Based Attentional Bias Modification and Approach Bias Modification as a Self-Help Smoking Intervention for Adult Smokers Seeking Online Help: Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Wen ◽  
Helle Larsen ◽  
Marilisa Boffo ◽  
Raoul P P P Grasman ◽  
Thomas Pronk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Approach Bias ◽  
Attentional Bias Modification ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
Bias Modification

BACKGROUND Automatically activated cognitive motivational processes such as the tendency to attend to or approach smoking-related stimuli (ie, attentional and approach bias) have been related to smoking behaviors. Therefore, these cognitive biases are thought to play a role in maintaining smoking behaviors. Cognitive biases can be modified with cognitive bias modification (CBM), which holds promise as an easy-access and low-cost online intervention. However, little is known about the effectiveness of online interventions combining two varieties of CBM. Targeting multiple cognitive biases may improve treatment outcomes because these biases have been shown to be relatively independent. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test the individual and combined effects of two web-based CBM varieties—attentional bias modification (AtBM) and approach bias modification (ApBM)—in a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 2 (AtBM: active versus sham) × 2 (ApBM: active versus sham) factorial design. METHODS A total of 504 adult smokers seeking online help to quit smoking were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental conditions to receive 11 fully automated CBM training sessions. To increase participants’ intrinsic motivation to change their smoking behaviors, all participants first received brief, automated, tailored feedback. The primary outcome was point prevalence abstinence during the study period. Secondary outcomes included daily cigarette use and attentional and approach bias. All outcomes were repeatedly self-assessed online from baseline to the 3-month follow-up. For the examination of training effects on outcome changes, an intention-to-treat analysis with a multilevel modeling (MLM) approach was adopted. RESULTS Only 10.7% (54/504) of the participants completed all 11 training sessions, and 8.3% (42/504) of the participants reached the 3-month follow-up assessment. MLM showed that over time, neither AtBM or ApBM nor a combination of both differed from their respective sham training in point prevalence abstinence rates (<i>P</i>=.17, <i>P</i>=.56, and <i>P</i>=.14, respectively), and in changes in daily cigarette use (<i>P</i>=.26, <i>P</i>=.08, and <i>P</i>=.13, respectively), attentional bias (<i>P</i>=.07, <i>P</i>=.81, and <i>P</i>=.15, respectively), and approach bias (<i>P</i>=.57, <i>P</i>=.22, and <i>P</i>=.40, respectively), while daily cigarette use decreased over time across conditions for all participants (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS This RCT provides no support for the effectiveness of combining AtBM and ApBM in a self-help web-based smoking cessation intervention. However, this study had a very high dropout rate and a very low frequency of training usage, indicating an overall low acceptability of the intervention, which precludes any definite conclusion on its efficacy. We discuss how this study can inform future designs and settings of online CBM interventions. CLINICALTRIAL Netherlands Trial Register NTR4678; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/4678

scholarly journals Combining Web-Based Attentional Bias Modification and Approach Bias Modification as a Self-Help Smoking Intervention for Adult Smokers Seeking Online Help: Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/16342 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e16342
Author(s):  
Si Wen ◽  
Helle Larsen ◽  
Marilisa Boffo ◽  
Raoul P P P Grasman ◽  
Thomas Pronk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Approach Bias ◽  
Attentional Bias Modification ◽  
Smoking Behaviors ◽  
Bias Modification

Background Automatically activated cognitive motivational processes such as the tendency to attend to or approach smoking-related stimuli (ie, attentional and approach bias) have been related to smoking behaviors. Therefore, these cognitive biases are thought to play a role in maintaining smoking behaviors. Cognitive biases can be modified with cognitive bias modification (CBM), which holds promise as an easy-access and low-cost online intervention. However, little is known about the effectiveness of online interventions combining two varieties of CBM. Targeting multiple cognitive biases may improve treatment outcomes because these biases have been shown to be relatively independent. Objective This study aimed to test the individual and combined effects of two web-based CBM varieties—attentional bias modification (AtBM) and approach bias modification (ApBM)—in a double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a 2 (AtBM: active versus sham) × 2 (ApBM: active versus sham) factorial design. Methods A total of 504 adult smokers seeking online help to quit smoking were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental conditions to receive 11 fully automated CBM training sessions. To increase participants’ intrinsic motivation to change their smoking behaviors, all participants first received brief, automated, tailored feedback. The primary outcome was point prevalence abstinence during the study period. Secondary outcomes included daily cigarette use and attentional and approach bias. All outcomes were repeatedly self-assessed online from baseline to the 3-month follow-up. For the examination of training effects on outcome changes, an intention-to-treat analysis with a multilevel modeling (MLM) approach was adopted. Results Only 10.7% (54/504) of the participants completed all 11 training sessions, and 8.3% (42/504) of the participants reached the 3-month follow-up assessment. MLM showed that over time, neither AtBM or ApBM nor a combination of both differed from their respective sham training in point prevalence abstinence rates (P=.17, P=.56, and P=.14, respectively), and in changes in daily cigarette use (P=.26, P=.08, and P=.13, respectively), attentional bias (P=.07, P=.81, and P=.15, respectively), and approach bias (P=.57, P=.22, and P=.40, respectively), while daily cigarette use decreased over time across conditions for all participants (P<.001). Conclusions This RCT provides no support for the effectiveness of combining AtBM and ApBM in a self-help web-based smoking cessation intervention. However, this study had a very high dropout rate and a very low frequency of training usage, indicating an overall low acceptability of the intervention, which precludes any definite conclusion on its efficacy. We discuss how this study can inform future designs and settings of online CBM interventions. Trial Registration Netherlands Trial Register NTR4678; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/4678

Attentional bias modification treatment for depression: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kean J. Hsu ◽  
Kayla D. Caffey ◽  
Derek Pisner ◽  
Jason Shumake ◽  
Semeon Risom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Attentional Bias Modification ◽  
Treatment Mediators ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bias Modification

Theoretical models and empirical research point to negatively biased attention as a maintaining factor in depression. Although preliminary studies suggest experimentally modifying attentional biases (i.e., attentional bias modification; ABM) reduces depression symptoms and depression risk, relatively few rigorous studies with clinical samples have been completed. This clinical trial examines the impact of ABM on a sample of adults (N = 123) with elevated depression severity who also exhibit at least modest levels of negatively biased attention prior to treatment. Participants will be randomly assigned to either active ABM, placebo ABM, or an assessment-only control condition. Individuals assigned to ABM will complete 5 trainings per week (2 in-clinic, 3 brief trainings at-home) during a four-week period. Throughout this four-week period, participants will complete weekly assessments of symptom severity and putative treatment mediators measured across different levels of analysis (e.g., eye tracking, behavioral measures, and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging). This article details the rationale and design of the clinical trial, including methodological issues that required more extensive consideration. Our findings may not only point to an easily-accessible, efficacious treatment for depression but may also provide a meaningful test of whether a theoretically important construct, negatively biased attention, maintains depression.

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