Risk factors of Dengue fever in urban areas of district Rawalpindi, Pakistan- 2017: A Case Control Study (Preprint)

Risk factors of dengue fever in an urban area in Vietnam: a case-control study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10687-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Thang Nguyen-Tien ◽

Duy Cuong Do ◽

Xuan Luat Le ◽

Thi Hai Dinh ◽

Mats Lindeborg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Younger Adults ◽

The Mean ◽

Dengue Prevention ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background Dengue is a mosquito-borne flavivirus present in many metropolitan cities of tropical countries. Methods During and after the dengue season (September 2018 to January 2019), we conducted a case-control study in order to determine the risk factors for dengue fever in Hanoi city, Vietnam. 98 dengue patients and 99 patients with other acute infections, such as Hepatitis B virus infection, were recruited at Department of Infectious Disease of Bach Mai national hospital in Hanoi. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire covering demographic, housing, environmental factors and knowledge, attitude, and practice on dengue prevention and control. Univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to determine the risk factors of dengue status. Results The mean score of knowledge items and practice items was only 7.9 out of total 19 points and 3.9 out of total 17 points, respectively. While the mean score of attitude items was 4.8 out of total 6 points. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that older patients had lesser risk of getting dengue infection as compared to younger adults aged 16–30, and patients living in peri-urban districts were less likely to suffer of dengue fever than patients living in central urban districts (OR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.13–0.75). This study could not find any association with occupation, water storage habit, knowledge, attitude, or practice on dengue prevention. Conclusions All patients had a relatively low level of knowledge and practice on dengue prevention and control. However, the attitude of the participants was good. We found that age group and living district were the risk factors correlated with the dengue status. Communication programs on raising dengue awareness should be repeated all year round and target particular groups of adolescents, younger adults, landlords and migrants from other provinces to improve their knowledge and encourage them to implement preventive measures against dengue fever.

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Risk Factors Associated With Dengue Fever Outbreak in Taiz Governorate, Yemen, 2018: Case-control Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-624873/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdulkareem Ali Hussein Nassar ◽

Amr Abdulaziz Torbosh ◽

Yassin Abdulmalik Mahyoub ◽

Mohammed Abdullah Al Amad

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Case Control ◽

Case Definition ◽

P Value ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Dengue Fever (DF) is a significant health problem in Yemen especially in the coastal areas. On November 6, 2018, Taiz governorates surveillance officer notified the Ministry of Public Health and Population on an increase in the number of suspected DF in Al Qahirah and Al Mudhaffar districts, Taiz governorate. On November 7, 2018, Field Epidemiology Training Program sent a team to perform an investigation. The aims were to confirm and describe the outbreak by person, place and time in Taiz governorate, and identify its risk factors.Methodology: Descriptive and case-control study (1:2 ratio) were conducted. WHO case definition was used to identify cases in Al Qahirah or Al Mudhaffar districts during August-November 2018. Control was selected from the same districts who did not suffer from DF. Predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data related to sociodemographic, behavioral and environmental characteristics. Bivariate and multivariate backward stepwise analyses were used. The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. A P value < 0.05 was considered as the cut point for statistically significant. Epi info version 7.2 was used.Results: A total of 50 DF cases were found. Almost 52% were males and 76% were <30 years of age. The overall attack rate was 1/10,000 of the population. Case fatality rate was 4%. In multivariate analysis, not working (aOR = 26.6, 95% CI: 6.8–104.7), not using mosquito repellent (aOR = 13.9, 95% CI:1.4–136.8), wearing short sleeves/pants (aOR = 27.3, 95% CI: 4.8–156.8), poor sanitation (aOR = 5.4, 95% CI: 1.4–20.3), presence of outdoor trees (aOR = 13.2, 95% CI: 2.8–63.0) and houses without window nets (aOR = 15.7, 95% CI: 3.9–63.4) were statistically significant risk factors associated with DF outbreak. Eleven 11 (58%) of blood samples were positive for DF IgM.Conclusions: DF outbreak in Al Qahirah and Al Mudhaffar districts, Taiz governorate was confirmed. This study provides evidence-based information regarding the identified risk factors that contributed to the occurrence of this outbreak. Raising community awareness on the importance of personal protection measures and improving the sanitation services are strongly recommended.

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Risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren who participated in a case-control study in urban Uganda

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.49496 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Harriet Mpairwe ◽

Milly Namutebi ◽

Gyaviira Nkurunungi ◽

Pius Tumwesige ◽

Irene Nambuya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Economic Status ◽

Case Control ◽

Rural Town ◽

Asthma Risk ◽

Control Study

Data on asthma aetiology in Africa are scarce. We investigated the risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren (5–17 years) in urban Uganda. We conducted a case-control study, among 555 cases and 1115 controls. Asthma was diagnosed by study clinicians. The main risk factors for asthma were tertiary education for fathers (adjusted OR (95% CI); 2.32 (1.71–3.16)) and mothers (1.85 (1.38–2.48)); area of residence at birth, with children born in a small town or in the city having an increased asthma risk compared to schoolchildren born in rural areas (2.16 (1.60–2.92)) and (2.79 (1.79–4.35)), respectively; father’s and mother’s history of asthma; children’s own allergic conditions; atopy; and cooking on gas/electricity. In conclusion, asthma was associated with a strong rural-town-city risk gradient, higher parental socio-economic status and urbanicity. This work provides the basis for future studies to identify specific environmental/lifestyle factors responsible for increasing asthma risk among children in urban areas in LMICs.

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A community based case-control study to determine the risk factors of dengue fever in Bangladesh

10.1101/2021.08.24.21262563 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Sahidur Rahman ◽

Fatema Mehejabin ◽

Rumana Rashid

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Dengue Infection ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Case Control ◽

College Hospital ◽

Tropical Country ◽

Control Study

In a tropical country like Bangladesh where the climatic condition favors the growth of Aedes mosquito vectors, the success of dengue prevention depends largely on the proper identification and controlling of the socio-demographic and lifestyle-related risk factors. A case-control study including 150 cases and 150 controls were conducted aimed to explore the potential risk and protective factors and their association with dengue virus infection in the Chattogram district of Bangladesh. Cases were confirmed for dengue patients admitted in Chattogram medical college hospital and Bangladesh institute of tropical and infectious diseases during August and September 2019. Whereas, controls were non-dengue patients admitted in other departments of the same hospitals through gender age and location matching. The questionnaire data were collected through telephone-based interviews which included information regarding general demography, daily life activities, housing with its surroundings status. Chi-square and binary logistic regression were performed for identifying potential risk factors and their association with the occurrences of dengue fever. The study found that travel history to the high incidence area, the place of staying most of the time, living in 21 to 40 years old houses, and the temporary residence of the city were statistically significant risk factors for getting the dengue infection. On contrary, Quality of indoor daylight, ventilation, bus stand/garage, stagnant water, and any construction site around 250 meters of the house did not show significant association with dengue fever.

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Risk Factors Aassociated with Dengue Fever Outbreak in Islamabad, Pakistan: A Case-Control Study (Preprint)

JMIR Public Health and Surveillance ◽

10.2196/27266 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chaudhry Amjad Mehmood ◽

Fawad Khalid Khan ◽

Ambreen Chaudhry ◽

Zakir Hussain ◽

Mumtaz Ali Laghari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Risk Factors of Dengue Fever in an Urban Area in Vietnam: A Case-Control Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-80925/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thang Nguyen-Tien ◽

Do Duy Cuong ◽

Le Xuan Luat ◽

Dinh Thi Hai ◽

Mats Lindeborg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Prevention And Control ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Younger Adults ◽

The Mean ◽

Dengue Prevention ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne flavivirus present in many metropolitan cities of tropical countries. Methods: During and after the dengue season (September 2018 to January 2019), we conducted a case-control study in order to determine the risk factors for dengue fever in Hanoi city, Vietnam. 98 dengue patients and 99 patients with other acute infections were recruited at Department of Infectious Disease of Bach Mai national hospital in Hanoi. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire covering demographic, housing, environmental factors and knowledge, attitude, and practice on dengue prevention and control. Results: The mean score of knowledge items and practice items was only 7.9 out of total 19 points and 3.9 out of total 17 points, respectively. While the mean score of attitude items was 4.8 out of total 6 points. Multivariable logistic regression indicated that older patients had lesser risk of getting dengue infection as compared to younger adults aged 16-30, and patients living in peri-urban districts were less likely to suffer of dengue fever than patients living in central urban districts (OR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.13-0.75). This study could not find any association with occupation, water storage habit, knowledge, attitude, or practice on dengue prevention. Conclusions: All patients had a relatively low level of knowledge and practice on dengue prevention and control. However, the attitude of the participants was good. We found that age group and living district were the risk factors correlated with the dengue status. Communication programs on raising dengue awareness should be repeated all year round and target particular groups of adolescents, younger adults, landlords and migrants from other provinces to improve their knowledge and encourage them to implement preventive measures against dengue fever.

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Another dengue fever outbreak in Eastern Ethiopia—An emerging public health threat

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0008992 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. e0008992

Author(s):

Mulugeta Asefa Gutu ◽

Alemayehu Bekele ◽

Yimer Seid ◽

Yusuf Mohammed ◽

Fekadu Gemechu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Larval Density ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Measures ◽

Severe Dengue ◽

Vector Surveillance ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Control Study

Background Dengue Fever (DF) is a viral disease primarily transmitted by Aedes (Ae.) aegypti mosquitoes. Outbreaks in Eastern Ethiopia were reported during 2014–2016. In May 2017, we investigated the first suspected DF outbreak from Kabridahar Town, Somali region (Eastern Ethiopia) to describe its magnitude, assess risk factors, and implement control measures. Methods Suspected DF cases were defined as acute febrile illness plus ≥2 symptoms (headache, fever, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, or hemorrhage) in Kabridahar District residents. All reported cases were identified through medical record review and active searches. Severe dengue was defined as DF with severe organ impairment, severe hemorrhage, or severe plasma leakage. We conducted a neighborhood-matched case-control study using a subset of suspected cases and conveniently-selected asymptomatic community controls and interviewed participants to collect demographic and risk factor data. We tested sera by RT-PCR to detect dengue virus (DENV) and identify serotypes. Entomologists conducted mosquito surveys at community households to identify species and estimate larval density using the house index (HI), container index (CI) and Breteau index (BI), with BI≥20 indicating high density. Results We identified 101 total cases from May 12–31, 2017, including five with severe dengue (one death). The attack rate (AR) was 17/10,000. Of 21 tested samples, 15 (72%) were DENV serotype 2 (DENV 2). In the case-control study with 50 cases and 100 controls, a lack of formal education (AOR [Adjusted Odds Ratio] = 4.2, 95% CI [Confidence Interval] 1.6–11.2) and open water containers near the home (AOR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.2–7.5) were risk factors, while long-lasting insecticide treated-net (LLITN) usage (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.05–0.79) was protective. HI and BI were 66/136 (49%) and 147 per 100 homes (147%) respectively, with 151/167 (90%) adult mosquitoes identified as Ae. aegypti. Conclusion The epidemiologic, entomologic, and laboratory investigation confirmed a DF outbreak. Mosquito indices were far above safe thresholds, indicating inadequate vector control. We recommended improved vector surveillance and control programs, including best practices in preserving water and disposal of open containers to reduce Aedes mosquito density.

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Risk Factors Associated with Dengue Virus Infection in Guangdong Province: a Community-based Case-control Study

10.1101/434472 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jundi Liu ◽

Xiaolu Tian ◽

Yu Deng ◽

Zhicheng Du ◽

Tianzhu Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Dengue Virus ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

Case Control ◽

Dengue Virus Infection ◽

Outdoor Sports ◽

Control Study

AbstractBackgroundDengue fever is a mosquito-borne infectious disease, and it is now still epidemic in China, especially in Guangdong Province. Owing to the absence of dengue vaccination, effective preventive measure is critical for controlling of dengue fever. This study aimed to explore the individual risk factors of dengue virus infection in Guangdong Province, as well as to provide a scientific basis for prevention and supervision of dengue fever in future.MethodsA case-control study including 237 cases and 237 controls was performed. The data was collected from the epidemiological questionnaires. Univariate analysis was used for preliminary screening of 28 variables potentially related to dengue virus infection, and an unconditioned logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis to analysis those statistically significant variables.ResultsMultivariate analysis of the result showed three independent risk factors: activities in the park (odd ratio [OR]= 1.70, 95%CI 1.03 to 2.83), outdoor sports (OR= 1.67, 95%CI 1.07 to 2.62), and poor indoor daylight quality (OR= 2.27, 95%CI 1.00 to 5.15); and two protective factors: two persons per room (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.28 to 0.67), three persons and above per room (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.22 to 0.86), using air-condition (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.20 to 0.93).ConclusionThese results are conducive to learn the risk factors for dengue virus infection in Guangdong Province. It is crucial to provide effective and efficient strategy to improve environmental protection and anti-mosquito measures. In addition, more systematic studies are needed to explore the other potential risk factors for dengue fever infection.Author summaryDengue fever, one of the mosquito-borne infectious diseases, is mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti in Asia and Southeast Asia countries. Since 1978, the incidence of dengue fever has markedly increased in China especially in Guangdong province. In order to formulate the effective prevention and control measures, we explored the risk factors of dengue virus infection in Guangdong Province by conducting a case-control study. In this study, 237 patients with dengue virus infection and 237 participants without dengue virus infection were included. Then through these questionnaires and data analysis, we found that activities in the park, outdoor sports, and poor indoor daylight quality significantly contributed to the residents’ risk of dengue virus infection. On the other hand, we observed that using air-condition and using anti-mosquito measures were effective personal prevention interventions.

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Determining Risk Factors for Dengue Fever Severity in Jeddah City, a Case-Control Study (2017)

Polish Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.33073/pjm-2020-036 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (3) ◽

pp. 331-337

Author(s):

WAJD A. ABUALAMAH ◽

HUSSAIN S. BANNI ◽

HUSSAIN A. ALMASMOUM ◽

YONIS A. ALLOHIBI ◽

HASAN M. SAMARIN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Access To Health Care ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Secondary Infection ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Case Control ◽

Severe Dengue ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Control Study

Dengue fever is a major public health problem in Saudi Arabia. Unfortunately, preventive strategies are still deficient. It can progress to severe and lethal forms, and available knowledge does not allow early prediction of which cases of dengue fever (DF) will progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the host and viral factors that could play a role in the progression of severe dengue cases in the frame of the revised 2009 WHO classification. Data were compiled from the Jeddah Dengue Fever Operation Room (DFOR) in the Maden Al-Fahd primary healthcare center in Jeddah. An unmatched case-control study was conducted on 123 severe cases, and 245 controls (non-severe cases) diagnosed during 2014–2016. Risk factors for severe dengue fever were secondary infection (p = 0.02), and co-morbidities, particularly diabetes and hypertension (p < 0.001). Age, gender, nationality, socioeconomic status, viral serotype, and access to health care were not significantly associated with severe disease. The main risk factors for severe dengue fever were secondary infection, and co-morbidities (hypertension and diabetes). We recommend disseminating these data to stakeholders to improve dengue control interventions in periods with anticipated high incidence.

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Fourth Dengue Fever Outbreak Investigation in Ethiopia: A Case Control Study, July 2015

10.21203/rs.2.14030/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Diriba Sufa Gemechu ◽

Yoseph Worku ◽

Abebe Alemu ◽

Zewdu Assefa Edea ◽

Yohannis Dugasa Feyisa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Formal Education ◽

Case Control Study ◽

National Laboratory ◽

Febrile Illness ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Measures ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: Dengue fever is a rapidly emerging vector born infectious disease caused by Dengue virus and it is now one of WHO reportable diseases. About 50 -200 million cases, 20,000 deaths occur annually. In Ethiopia the first outbreak of Dengue fever appeared in Dire Dawa city in 2013, where 9441 cases were recorded. The second Dengue fever outbreak occurred in Afar Region. Third and fourth was in Somali Region in Godey town, 2014 and 2015. In Godey town acute febrile illness cases of unknown cause become increased started from May 27, 2015. We investigated to identify risk factors of Dengue fever outbreak and commence control measures. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in Godey town, Ethiopia from 8-22 July 2015. Cases were defined according to the WHO guideline and controls were individuals with no sign and symptoms living in the same town with cases. We recruited 50 cases and 100 controls in the study. Medical records and line lists were reviewed. Data were collected at household level using structured questionnaires. Twenty-four serum samples collected from cases. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 software. Result: We identified 223 cases with 0 death, 116 (52%) were male. The mean age of cases was 25.8 years. Ten cases were positive for Dengue fever by PCR at national laboratory. Lack of formal education (AOR=3.1; 95%CI: 1.30-7.49), living with ill person (AOR=2.8; 95%CI: 1.22-6.52), open containers in household (AOR=3.6; 95%CI: 1.34-9.38) and presence of larvae in the water containers (AOR=5.4; 95%CI: 2.33-12.44) were risk factors for the outbreak. Conclusion: Poor household water handling, living with ill person and lack of formal education contributes for occurrence of Dengue fever outbreak in Godey town. Health education and all other interventions associated with use of water and sanitation needs to be part of long-term control of Dengue.

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