scholarly journals Usability and Acceptability of Two Smartphone Apps for Smoking Cessation Among Young Adults with Serious Mental Illness: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)

10.2196/26873 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minda A Gowarty ◽  
Meghan R Longacre ◽  
Roger Vilardaga ◽  
Nathan J Kung ◽  
Ashley E Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Smartphone Apps

scholarly journals Primary Health Care Experiences of Hispanics with Serious Mental Illness: A Mixed-Methods Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leopoldo J. Cabassa ◽  
Arminda P. Gomes ◽  
Quisqueya Meyreles ◽  
Lucia Capitelli ◽  
Richard Younge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Health Care Experiences ◽  
Primary Health

scholarly journals Integrated Smoking Cessation for Smokers With Serious Mental Illness: Protocol for a Convergent Mixed Methods Implementation Evaluation Study

10.2196/25390 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e25390
Author(s):  
Kristina Schnitzer ◽  
Melissa Culhane Maravić ◽  
Diana Arntz ◽  
Nathaniel L Phillips ◽  
Gladys Pachas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pragmatic Clinical Trial ◽  
Implementation Evaluation

Background Tobacco smoking is associated with significant morbidity and premature mortality in individuals with serious mental illness. A 2-year pragmatic clinical trial (PCORI PCS-1504-30472) that enrolled 1100 individuals with serious mental illness in the greater Boston area was conducted to test 2 interventions for tobacco cessation for individuals with serious mental illness: (1) academic detailing, which delivers education to primary care providers and highlights first-line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, and (2) provision of community health worker support to smoker participants. Implementing and scaling this intervention in other settings will require the systematic identification of barriers and facilitators, as well as the identification of relevant subgroups, effective and unique components, and setting-specific factors. Objective This protocol outlines the proposed mixed methods evaluation of the pragmatic clinical trial to (1) identify barriers and facilitators to effective implementation of the interventions, (2) examine group differences among primary care physicians, and (3) identify barriers that stakeholders such as clinical, payor, and policy leaders would anticipate to impact the implementation of effective components of the intervention. Methods Qualitative interviews will be conducted with all study community health workers and selected smoker participants, primary care providers, and other stakeholders. Measures of performance and engagement will guide purposive sampling. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research will guide qualitative data collection and analysis in accordance with the following framework approach: (1) familiarization, (2) identifying a thematic framework, (3) indexing, (4) charting, and (5) mapping and interpretation. Joint display analyses will be constructed to analyze and draw conclusions across the quantitative and qualitative data. Results The 3-year cluster-randomized trial has concluded, and the analysis of primary outcomes is underway. Results from the pragmatic trial and this mixed methods implementation evaluation will be used to help disseminate, scale, and expand a systems intervention. Conclusions The results of this mixed methods implementation evaluation will inform strategies for dissemination and solutions to potential barriers to the implementation of interventions from a smoking cessation trial for individuals with serious mental illness. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/25390

scholarly journals Perceptions of Mobile Apps for Smoking Cessation Among Young People in Community Mental Health Care: Qualitative Study

10.2196/19860 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e19860
Author(s):  
Minda A Gowarty ◽  
Nathan J Kung ◽  
Ashley E Maher ◽  
Meghan R Longacre ◽  
Mary F Brunette
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Tobacco Use Disorder

Background Young adults with serious mental illness are over twice as likely to have tobacco use disorder than those in the general population and are less likely to utilize proven treatment methods during quit attempts. However, little research has evaluated the efficacy of interventions for this group. Smartphone apps may be an underutilized tool for tobacco use disorder among young adults with serious mental illness. Objective The aim of this study was to explore attitudes toward smoking cessation apps and preferences regarding app design in young adult smokers with serious mental illness. Methods Five focus groups involving 25- to 35-year-old adults with serious mental illness receiving treatment at a community mental health center were conducted between May 2019 and August 2019. Three researchers independently coded transcripts and identified themes using thematic analysis. Results Participants (n=22) were individuals who smoke daily: 10 (46%) self-identified as female, 18 (82%) self-identified as White, and 9 (41%) had psychotic disorders. Key themes that emerged included a general interest in using health apps; a desire for apps to provide ongoing motivation during a quit attempt via social support, progress tracking, and rewards; a desire for apps to provide distraction from smoking; concerns about app effectiveness due to a lack of external accountability; and concerns that apps could trigger cravings or smoking behavior by mentioning cigarettes or the act of smoking. Conclusions Apps have the potential to support smoking cessation or reduction efforts among young adults with serious mental illness. However, they may require tailoring, optimization, and clinical support to effectively promote cessation in this population.

scholarly journals Integrated Smoking Cessation for Smokers With Serious Mental Illness: Protocol for a Convergent Mixed Methods Implementation Evaluation Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Schnitzer ◽  
Melissa Culhane Maravić ◽  
Diana Arntz ◽  
Nathaniel L Phillips ◽  
Gladys Pachas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pragmatic Clinical Trial ◽  
Implementation Evaluation

BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking is associated with significant morbidity and premature mortality in individuals with serious mental illness. A 2-year pragmatic clinical trial (PCORI PCS-1504-30472) that enrolled 1100 individuals with serious mental illness in the greater Boston area was conducted to test 2 interventions for tobacco cessation for individuals with serious mental illness: (1) academic detailing, which delivers education to primary care providers and highlights first-line pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation, and (2) provision of community health worker support to smoker participants. Implementing and scaling this intervention in other settings will require the systematic identification of barriers and facilitators, as well as the identification of relevant subgroups, effective and unique components, and setting-specific factors. OBJECTIVE This protocol outlines the proposed mixed methods evaluation of the pragmatic clinical trial to (1) identify barriers and facilitators to effective implementation of the interventions, (2) examine group differences among primary care physicians, and (3) identify barriers that stakeholders such as clinical, payor, and policy leaders would anticipate to impact the implementation of effective components of the intervention. METHODS Qualitative interviews will be conducted with all study community health workers and selected smoker participants, primary care providers, and other stakeholders. Measures of performance and engagement will guide purposive sampling. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research will guide qualitative data collection and analysis in accordance with the following framework approach: (1) familiarization, (2) identifying a thematic framework, (3) indexing, (4) charting, and (5) mapping and interpretation. Joint display analyses will be constructed to analyze and draw conclusions across the quantitative and qualitative data. RESULTS The 3-year cluster-randomized trial has concluded, and the analysis of primary outcomes is underway. Results from the pragmatic trial and this mixed methods implementation evaluation will be used to help disseminate, scale, and expand a systems intervention. CONCLUSIONS The results of this mixed methods implementation evaluation will inform strategies for dissemination and solutions to potential barriers to the implementation of interventions from a smoking cessation trial for individuals with serious mental illness. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/25390

scholarly journals Usability and Acceptability of Two Smartphone Apps for Smoking Cessation Among Young Adults With Serious Mental Illness: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minda A Gowarty ◽  
Meghan R Longacre ◽  
Roger Vilardaga ◽  
Nathan J Kung ◽  
Ashley E Gaughan-Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
System Usability Scale ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND Young adults with serious mental illness (SMI) have higher smoking rates and lower cessation rates than young adults without SMI. Scalable interventions such as smartphone apps with evidence-based content (eg, the National Cancer Institute’s [NCI’s] QuitGuide and quitSTART) could increase access to potentially appealing and effective treatment for this group but have yet to be tested in this population. OBJECTIVE The goal of this user-centered design study is to determine the user experience (including usability and acceptability) of 2 widely available apps developed by the NCI—QuitGuide and quitSTART—among young adult tobacco users with SMI. METHODS We conducted usability and acceptability testing of QuitGuide and quitSTART among participants with SMI aged between 18 and 35 years who were stable in community mental health treatment between 2019 and 2020. Participants were randomly assigned to use QuitGuide or quitSTART on their smartphones. App usability was evaluated at baseline and following a 2-week field test of independent use via a video-recorded task completion protocol. Using a mixed method approach, we triangulated 4 data sources: nonparticipant observation, open-ended interviews, structured interviews (including the System Usability Scale [SUS]), and backend app use data obtained from the NCI. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Participants were 17 smokers who were not interested in quitting, with a mean age of 29 (SD 4) years; 41% (n=7) presented with psychotic disorders. Participants smoked an average of 15 (SD 7) cigarettes per day. The mean SUS scores for QuitGuide were similar at visits one and two (mean 64, SD 18 and mean 66, SD 18, respectively). The mean SUS scores for quitSTART numerically increased from visit one (mean 55, SD 20) to visit two (mean 64, SD 16). Acceptability scores followed the same pattern. Observed task completion rates were at least 75% (7/9 for QuitGuide, 6/8 for quitSTART) for both apps at both visits for all but 2 tasks. During the 13-day trial period, QuitGuide and quitSTART users interacted with their assigned app on an average of 4.6 (SD 2.8) days versus 10.8 (SD 3.5) days, for a mean total of 5.6 (SD 3.8) interactions versus 41 (SD 26) interactions, and responded to a median of 1 notification (range 0-8) versus 18.5 notifications (range 0-37), respectively. Qualitative comments indicated moderate to high satisfaction overall but also included concerns about the accuracy of the apps’ feedback. CONCLUSIONS Both QuitGuide and quitSTART had acceptable levels of usability and mixed levels of acceptability among young adults with SMI. The higher level of engagement with quitSTART suggests that quitSTART may be a favorable tool for young adult smokers with SMI. However, clinical support or coaching may be needed to overcome initial usability issues.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Mobile Apps for Smoking Cessation Among Young People in Community Mental Health Care: Qualitative Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minda A Gowarty ◽  
Nathan J Kung ◽  
Ashley E Maher ◽  
Meghan R Longacre ◽  
Mary F Brunette
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Community Mental Health ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Tobacco Use Disorder

BACKGROUND Young adults with serious mental illness are over twice as likely to have tobacco use disorder than those in the general population and are less likely to utilize proven treatment methods during quit attempts. However, little research has evaluated the efficacy of interventions for this group. Smartphone apps may be an underutilized tool for tobacco use disorder among young adults with serious mental illness. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore attitudes toward smoking cessation apps and preferences regarding app design in young adult smokers with serious mental illness. METHODS Five focus groups involving 25- to 35-year-old adults with serious mental illness receiving treatment at a community mental health center were conducted between May 2019 and August 2019. Three researchers independently coded transcripts and identified themes using thematic analysis. RESULTS Participants (n=22) were individuals who smoke daily: 10 (46%) self-identified as female, 18 (82%) self-identified as White, and 9 (41%) had psychotic disorders. Key themes that emerged included a general interest in using health apps; a desire for apps to provide ongoing motivation during a quit attempt via social support, progress tracking, and rewards; a desire for apps to provide distraction from smoking; concerns about app effectiveness due to a lack of external accountability; and concerns that apps could trigger cravings or smoking behavior by mentioning cigarettes or the act of smoking. CONCLUSIONS Apps have the potential to support smoking cessation or reduction efforts among young adults with serious mental illness. However, they may require tailoring, optimization, and clinical support to effectively promote cessation in this population.

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